scholarly journals  Pathological and immunohistochemical studies on rare cases of primary extragenital transmissible venereal tumours in the mammary gland

2012 ◽  
Vol 57 (No. 4) ◽  
pp. 198-206 ◽  
Author(s):  
K. Gupta ◽  
NK Sood
Keyword(s):  
Mammary Gland ◽  
Cyclin D1 ◽  
Oral Mucosa ◽  
Mammary Glands ◽  
Present Communication ◽  
Ki 67 ◽  
Male And Female ◽  
First Report ◽  
Immunohistochemical Studies

Transmissible venereal tumours (TVT) are normally seen on the genitalia of both male and female dogs, and at times may be observed on extra-genital sites such as lips, oral mucosa, and peritoneum, or in organs such as the tonsils, eye, liver, spleen, kidney, lung, and musculature. The present communication deals with two rare cases of primary extragenital TVT involving the mammary glands of dogs and their pathology and immunohistochemistry. The study indicated that apart from routinely used markers such as vimentin, p53, PCNA, Ki-67 and c-myc, the oncogenes Rb and cyclin D1 proved to be novel markers of TVT in dogs. To the authors’ knowledge, this is the first report of extra-genital mammary TVT in canines.  

scholarly journals Cyclin-Dependent Kinase Inhibitor P27Kip1 Is Required for Mouse Mammary Gland Morphogenesis and Function

2001 ◽  
Vol 153 (5) ◽  
pp. 917-932 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rebecca S. Muraoka ◽  
Anne E.G. Lenferink ◽  
Jean Simpson ◽  
Dana M. Brantley ◽  
L. Renee Roebuck ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mammary Gland ◽  
Cyclin D1 ◽  
Mammary Epithelial Cells ◽  
Mammary Glands ◽  
Mammary Epithelial ◽  
Cyclin Dependent Kinase ◽  
Wild Type ◽  
Mammary Gland Morphogenesis ◽  
Ductal Branching ◽  
Gland Morphogenesis

We have studied the role of the cyclin-dependent kinase (Cdk) inhibitor p27Kip1 in postnatal mammary gland morphogenesis. Based on its ability to negatively regulate cyclin/Cdk function, loss of p27 may result in unrestrained cellular proliferation. However, recent evidence about the stabilizing effect of p27 on cyclin D1–Cdk4 complexes suggests that p27 deficiency might recapitulate the hypoplastic mammary phenotype of cyclin D1–deficient animals. These hypotheses were investigated in postnatal p27-deficient (p27−/−), hemizygous (p27+/−), or wild-type (p27+/+) mammary glands. Mammary glands from p27+/− mice displayed increased ductal branching and proliferation with delayed postlactational involution. In contrast, p27−/− mammary glands or wild-type mammary fat pads reconstituted with p27−/− epithelium produced the opposite phenotype: hypoplasia, low proliferation, decreased ductal branching, impaired lobuloalveolar differentiation, and inability to lactate. The association of cyclin D1 with Cdk4, the kinase activity of Cdk4 against pRb in vitro, the nuclear localization of cyclin D1, and the stability of cyclin D1 were all severely impaired in p27−/− mammary epithelial cells compared with p27+/+ and p27+/− mammary epithelial cells. Therefore, p27 is required for mammary gland development in a dose-dependent fashion and positively regulates cyclin D–Cdk4 function in the mammary gland.

The effect of bromocriptine on mammary-gland ultrastructure of hyperprolactinemic rats

1984 ◽  
Vol 42 ◽  
pp. 204-205
Author(s):  
I.C. Murray
Keyword(s):  
Mammary Gland ◽  
Dopamine Agonist ◽  
Alveolar Epithelium ◽  
Mammary Glands ◽  
Female Rats ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Cell Hyperplasia ◽  
Once Daily ◽  
Long Evans

In women, hyperprolactinemia is often due to a prolactin (PRL)-secreting adenoma or PRL cell hyperplasia. RRL excess stimulates the mammary glands and causes proliferation of the alveolar epithelium. Bromocriptine, a dopamine agonist, inhibits PRL secretion and is given to women to treat nonpuerperal galactorrhea. Old female rats have been reported to have PRL cell hyperplasia or adenoma leading to PRL hypersecretion and breast stimulation. Herein, we describe the effect of bromocriptine and consequently the reduction in serum PRL levels on the ultrastructure of rat mammary glands.Female Long-Evans rats, 23 months of age, were divided into control and bromocriptine-treated groups. The control animals were injected subcutaneously once daily with a 10% ethanol vehicle and were later divided into a normoprolactinemic control group with serum PRL levels under 30 ng/ml and a hyperprolactinemic control group with serum PRL levels above 30 ng/ml.

INTERACTIONS OF OESTRONE AND TESTOSTERONE ON MAMMARY GLANDS OF MALE RABBITS

1961 ◽  
Vol 36 (1) ◽  
pp. 141-156 ◽  
Author(s):  
B. Bengtsson ◽  
A. Norgren
Keyword(s):  
Mammary Gland ◽  
Testosterone Propionate ◽  
Mammary Glands ◽  
List Type ◽  
Stunted Growth ◽  
Abnormal Growth ◽  
Growth Reaction ◽  
Extensive Growth ◽  
Higher Doses

ABSTRACT The effect of testosterone and oestrone on the mammary glands of castrated male rabbits was studied. Testosterone propionate was used in daily doses from 0.5 to 80 mg. The doses of oestrone ranged from 0.05 to 25 μg per day. Mammary glands were examined after 14, 28 or 56 days of injections. 1) Testosterone in doses below 20 mg failed to affect the mammary glands. With 40 or 80 mg a distinct, though abnormal growth reaction was consistently obtained. 2) Oestrone in doses lower than 0.5 μg did not stimulate mammary growth. With 0.5 μg and higher doses extensive growth of the mammary glands occurred. Stunted growth and secretion were found in the mammary glands of rabbits injected with 12.5 or 25 μg oestrone. 3) Testosterone in doses of 1 or 5 to 10 mg depressed or abolished the response of the mammary glands to 0.5 μg oestrone. When testosterone, in doses ineffective when given alone, was added to at least 3.125 μg oestrone, the mammary glands developed alveoli. The abnormalities produced by the highest doses of oestrone studied were exaggerated by the addition of testosterone. 4) The observations indicate a complicated interplay between the actions of testosterone and oestrone on the mammary gland of the rabbit. The interactions between testosterone and oestrone are presumably different from those observed between progesterone and oestrone.

EFFECT OF LOCALLY IMPLANTED OESTROGEN ON THE RESPONSE OF THE RAT'S LACTATING MAMMARY GLAND TO OXYTOCIN

1973 ◽  
Vol 73 (4) ◽  
pp. 700-712 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. D. Bruce ◽  
X. Cofre ◽  
V. D. Ramirez
Keyword(s):  
Mammary Gland ◽  
Mammary Glands ◽  
Myoepithelial Cells ◽  
Recording System ◽  
Saline Infusion ◽  
High Dose ◽  
Low Doses ◽  
Milk Ejection ◽  
Lactating Mammary Gland ◽  
Small Rise

ABSTRACT On the day following delivery (day 1 of lactation) one abdominal mammary gland was implanted with oestrogen and the contralateral gland received an empty needle. At 2, 5 or 10 days of lactation the rats were anaesthetized with pentobarbital and the nipples of both abdominal glands were cannulated and their pressures recorded by means of transducers coupled to an amplifier and recording system. The normal mammary glands of 5-day lactating rats responded to very low doses of oxytocin (Syntocinon®, Sandoz) (5× 10−8 mU) with a rhythmic elevation in pressure. However, saline infusion also evoked a small rise in intra-mammary pressure. Earlier (2 days) and later (10 days) in lactation the responses were smaller. Oestrogen decreases significantly the milk ejection response to oxytocin, and the effect was maximal at day 10 of lactation. Histological observations confirmed the diminished reaction of the gland to oxytocin, since the milk was retained in the alveoli of rats bearing a mammary-oestrogen implant. A paradoxical rise in pressure was detected in normal as well as in oestrogen-implanted glands when the lowest dose of oxytocin was injected in lactating rats which had previously received a high dose of oxytocin (50 mU or 500 mU). These results reinforce the hypothesis that oestrogen alters the milk ejection response to oxytocin and that the mechanism is probably related to changes in the contractility of the myoepithelial cells.

AGE FEATURES OF MOLECULAR-BIOLOGICAL SUBTYPES OF BREAST CANCER

2020 ◽  
Vol 17 (2) ◽  
pp. 187-192
Author(s):  
E.A. Novikova ◽  
◽  
O.V. Kostromina ◽  
D.V. Mikhailov ◽  
S.L. Leontiev ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Breast Cancer ◽  
Hormone Receptors ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Luminal A ◽  
Ki 67 ◽  
Luminal B ◽  
Age Related ◽  
Age Features ◽  
Immunohistochemical Studies ◽  
Triple Negative Subtype

Aim. The aim of the study was to determine the presence of peculiarities of the age structure in patients with various surrogate molecular biological subtypes of breast cancer. Materials and research methods. This work analyzes the age-related characteristics of the occurrence of molecular biological subtypes in 499 patients with invasive breast cancer. All cases were divided into 5 molecular biological subtypes based on immunohistochemical studies of hormone receptors, Her2, Ki-67. The average age of the patients was 53.4±0.39 years, the predominant group was patients from 50 to 60 years (37.2% of the total). Research results. In patients under 40 years old, the triple negative subtype prevailed (44.8%). Luminal A subtype prevailed in the groups 51-60 years old (more than 41.4%) and over 60 years old (39.7%). Luminal B (Her2-) subtype was equally found in all age groups.

Helminths of Chrysemys picta belli in Manitoba including Polystomoides pauli sp.n. (Monogenea: Polystomatidae)

1979 ◽  
Vol 57 (5) ◽  
pp. 1046-1051 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shannon F. Timmers ◽  
Paul D. Lewis Jr.
Keyword(s):  
Oral Mucosa ◽  
Chrysemys Picta ◽  
First Report ◽  
Painted Turtles ◽  
Species Inquirendae

One new monogenean is described and 11 other helminths are reported from painted turtles from eastern Manitoba. Polystomoides pauli sp.n. from the host's oral mucosa most closely resembles P. coronatum (Leidy) and P. oris Paul. It differs from the former in having more and larger genital coronet spines, and possession of anterior cecal diverticula, and from the latter in size, larger number of genital coronet spines, and possession of great hooks with entire, not bifid, roots. Price's emendation of P. coronatum to include five species he held to be its synonyms is rejected; and the five species, P. opacum Stunkard, P. megacotyle Stunkard, P. microcotyle Stunkard, P. albicollis MacCallum, and P. digitatum MacCallum are designated species inquirendae. Polystomoides coronatum is restricted to the redescription given for it by Stunkard. The trematodes Crepidostomum sp., Eustomos chelydrae, Microphallus opacus, Protenes angustus, Spirorchis parvus, S. scripta, Telorchis attenuatus, and T. corti, the cestode Proteocephalus sp., and the nematodes Serpinema trispinosa and Spiroxys contortus are reported from Chrysemys picta belli. Except for P. angustus, all represent first reports from turtles in Canada. This is the first report of E. chelydrae from the host stomach, and the second report of M. opacus from naturally infected turtles.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document