scholarly journals Seasonal dispersal of the Western corn rootworm (Diabrotica virgifera virgifera) adults in Bt and non-Bt maize fields

2012 ◽  
Vol 48 (Special Issue) ◽  
pp. S36-S42 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ľ. Cagáň ◽  
I. Rosca
Keyword(s):  
Diabrotica Virgifera Virgifera ◽  
Western Corn Rootworm ◽  
Corn Rootworm ◽  
Diabrotica Virgifera ◽  
Bt Maize ◽  
Vegetation Season ◽  
Maize Hybrids ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Maize Plants ◽  
Experimental Plots

32 experimental plots were sown at Borovce (district Trnava) in Slovakia during 2008 with 8 maize hybrids, including coleopteran-protected MON 88017, the lepidopteran-protected MON 89034, the stacked product, MON 89034 × MON 88017, that same hybrids isoline that did not have the Bt trait or traits, and 4 commercial hybrids. Part of the fourth repetition was unexpectedly infested and damaged with the Western corn rootworm (WCR). High numbers of the WCR adults were found in the damaged plots on July 8. Adult WCR abundance remained concentrated in this area until August 12–19. The beetles apparently began to disperse during August 19–September 2, and after September 2. The trap captures increased in the uninfested areas up to September 16, no significant difference having been found in the adult WCR captures between the infested and uninfested plots, including the plots with MON 88017. Bt-maize hybrids containing MON 88017 strongly influenced the level of the WCR damage as assessed by lodging of the maize plants, and they also influenced the numbers of the WCR adults before maize flowering.  We found that intensive movement of the WCR adults from the place of their origin started later in the vegetation season.

Hydroxamic acid content in maize (Zea mays) roots of 18 Ontario recommended hybrids and prediction of antibiosis to the western corn rootworm, Diabrotica virgifera virgifera LeConte [Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae]

1993 ◽  
Vol 73 (1) ◽  
pp. 359-363 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. A. Assabgui ◽  
J. T. Arnason ◽  
R. I. Hamilton
Keyword(s):  
Hydroxamic Acid ◽  
High Performance ◽  
Diabrotica Virgifera Virgifera ◽  
Hydroxamic Acids ◽  
Western Corn Rootworm ◽  
Corn Rootworm ◽  
Diabrotica Virgifera ◽  
Maize Hybrids ◽  
Root Extracts ◽  
Diabrotica Virgifera Virgifera Leconte

High performance liquid chromatography was used to assess concentrations of hydroxamic acids in maize root extracts of 18 greenhouse-grown hybrids recommended in Ontario. On the basis of hydroxamic acid concentrations, low-level antibiosis against the western corn rootworm, Diabrotica virgifera virgifera LeConte was predicted for the majority of these (1990) hybrids, when grown under field conditions. Key words: Antibiosis, Chrysomelidae, Diabrotica, DIMBOA, hydroxamic acids, maize hybrids

Hydroxamic acid content and plant development of maize (Zea mays L.) in relation to damage by the western corn rootworm, Diabrotica virgifera virgifera LeConte

1995 ◽  
Vol 75 (4) ◽  
pp. 851-856 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rafik A. Assabgui ◽  
J. Thor Arnason ◽  
Robert I. Hamilton
Keyword(s):  
Zea Mays L ◽  
Diabrotica Virgifera Virgifera ◽  
Hydroxamic Acids ◽  
Field Resistance ◽  
Western Corn Rootworm ◽  
Corn Rootworm ◽  
Diabrotica Virgifera ◽  
Root Extracts ◽  
Maize Plants ◽  
Diabrotica Virgifera Virgifera Leconte

Recently identified resistance factors in two inbreds of maize (Zea mays L.) were investigated in relation to their concentrations over the course of maize root development. The purpose of this study was to determine the time of peak expression in relation to field resistance to larvae of the western corn rootworm (Diabrotica virgifera virgifera LeConte). Bi-weekly variation in root hydroxamic acid content, as determined by high-pressure liquid chromatography, was compared with field resistance of 4- to 16-wk-old maize plants. The phytochemical analysis showed that the major hydroxamic acids in corn roots were 2,4-dihydroxy-7-methoxy-(2H)-1,4-benzoxazin-3(4H)-one (DIMBOA), and its main degradation product was 6-methoxy-benzoxazoline (MBOA). The highest concentrations of DIMBOA equivalents, 2-hydroxy-7-methoxy-1,4(2H)-benzoxazin-3-one (HMBOA) and total hydroxamic acids were found in 6-wk-old root extracts for the inbred with low susceptibility, and 10-wk-old root extracts for the inbred with high susceptibility. In field trials, the inbred with low susceptibility suffered maximal root damage 8 wk post-infestation, followed by a rapid and pronounced recovery. Damage to the root system of the inbred with high susceptibility rose rapidly throughout the growing season, reaching a maximum 12 wk post-infestation, followed by minimal recovery. Plant morphological factors were unaffected and are insensitive as measurements of plant damage. Based on the observations of this study, it would appear that the concentration of hydroxamic acids in the root systems of maize plants plays a role in resistance to western corn rootworm larvae under field conditions. Key words: 2,4-dehydroxy-7-methoxy-1,4-benzoxazin-3-one, Diabrotica virgifera virgifera, western corn rootworm, antibiosis, hydroxamic acids, biochemical resistance

scholarly journals Resistance to Bt Maize by Western Corn Rootworm: Effects of Pest Biology, the Pest–Crop Interaction and the Agricultural Landscape on Resistance

Insects ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (2) ◽  
pp. 136
Author(s):  
Aaron Gassmann
Keyword(s):  
Agricultural Landscape ◽  
Continuous Cultivation ◽  
Diabrotica Virgifera Virgifera ◽  
The United States ◽  
Western Corn Rootworm ◽  
Corn Rootworm ◽  
Agricultural Crop ◽  
Bt Maize ◽  
Bt Toxin ◽  
Resistance Evolution

The western corn rootworm, Diabrotica virgifera virgifera LeConte, is among the most serious pests of maize in the United States. Since 2003, transgenic maize that produces insecticidal toxins from the bacterium Bacillus thuringiensis (Bt) has been used to manage western corn rootworm by killing rootworm larvae, which feed on maize roots. In 2009, the first cases of field-evolved resistance to Bt maize were documented. These cases occurred in Iowa and involved maize that produced Bt toxin Cry3Bb1. Since then, resistance has expanded to include other geographies and additional Bt toxins, with some rootworm populations displaying resistance to all commercially available Bt traits. Factors that contributed to field-evolved resistance likely included non-recessive inheritance of resistance, minimal fitness costs of resistance and limited adult dispersal. Additionally, because maize is the primary agricultural crop on which rootworm larvae can survive, continuous maize cultivation, in particular continuous cultivation of Bt maize, appears to be another key factor facilitating resistance evolution. More diversified management of rootworm larvae, including rotating fields out of maize production and using soil-applied insecticide with non-Bt maize, in addition to planting refuges of non-Bt maize, should help to delay the evolution of resistance to current and future transgenic traits.

scholarly journals Recent data to the distribution of western corn rootworm (Diabrotica virgifera virgifera LeConte) in Hungary

2000 ◽  
Vol 34 (4) ◽  
pp. 387-392 ◽  
Author(s):  
G. Ripka ◽  
G. Princzinger ◽  
I. Zsellér Hatala ◽  
László Vasas ◽  
B. Tóth ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Diabrotica Virgifera Virgifera ◽  
Western Corn Rootworm ◽  
Corn Rootworm ◽  
Diabrotica Virgifera ◽  
Diabrotica Virgifera Virgifera Leconte
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