scholarly journals Neuronal Synchronization of Electrical Activity, Using the Hodgkin-Huxley Model and RCLSJ Circuit

2016 ◽  
Vol 12 (23) ◽  
pp. 93-106 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jose A. Díaz M. ◽  
Oscar Téquita ◽  
Fernando Naranjo
Keyword(s):  
Electrical Activity ◽  
Josephson Junction ◽  
Action Potentials ◽  
Josephson Junctions ◽  
Lyapunov Functions ◽  
Neuronal Networks ◽  
Neuronal Dynamics ◽  
Neuronal Synchronization ◽  
Brain Behavior ◽  
Neuronal Electrical Activity

We simulated the neuronal electrical activity using the Hodgkin-Huxleymodel (HH) and a superconductor circuit, containing Josephson junctions. These HH model make possible simulate the main neuronal dynamics characteristics such as action potentials, firing thres hold and refractory period.The purpose of the manuscript is show a method to syncronize a RCL-shunted Josephson junction to a neuronal dynamics represented by the HH model. Thus the RCLSJ circuit is able to mimics the behavior of the HH neuron. We controlated the RCLSJ circuit, using and improved adaptative track scheme, that with the improved Lyapunov functions and thetwo controllable gain coefficients allowing synchronization of two neuronal models. Results will provide the path to follow forward the understanding neuronal networks synchronization about, generating the intrinsic brain behavior.

scholarly journals Action potentials induce biomagnetic fields in carnivorous Venus flytrap plants

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Anne Fabricant ◽  
Geoffrey Z. Iwata ◽  
Sönke Scherzer ◽  
Lykourgos Bougas ◽  
Katharina Rolfs ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Electrical Activity ◽  
Action Potentials ◽  
Plant Stress ◽  
Optically Pumped ◽  
Long Distance ◽  
Noninvasive Diagnostics ◽  
Venus Flytrap ◽  
Dionaea Muscipula ◽  
Cell Arrays ◽  
Electrical Signaling

AbstractUpon stimulation, plants elicit electrical signals that can travel within a cellular network analogous to the animal nervous system. It is well-known that in the human brain, voltage changes in certain regions result from concerted electrical activity which, in the form of action potentials (APs), travels within nerve-cell arrays. Electro- and magnetophysiological techniques like electroencephalography, magnetoencephalography, and magnetic resonance imaging are used to record this activity and to diagnose disorders. Here we demonstrate that APs in a multicellular plant system produce measurable magnetic fields. Using atomic optically pumped magnetometers, biomagnetism associated with electrical activity in the carnivorous Venus flytrap, Dionaea muscipula, was recorded. Action potentials were induced by heat stimulation and detected both electrically and magnetically. Furthermore, the thermal properties of ion channels underlying the AP were studied. Beyond proof of principle, our findings pave the way to understanding the molecular basis of biomagnetism in living plants. In the future, magnetometry may be used to study long-distance electrical signaling in a variety of plant species, and to develop noninvasive diagnostics of plant stress and disease.

Long-term observations of spontaneous electrical activity of the uterine smooth muscle

1959 ◽  
Vol 196 (2) ◽  
pp. 343-350 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. Y. Kao
Keyword(s):  
Smooth Muscle ◽  
Electrical Activity ◽  
Action Potentials ◽  
Local Conditions ◽  
Pregnant Uterus ◽  
Implanted Electrodes ◽  
Spontaneous Electrical Activity ◽  
Myometrial Cells ◽  
Uterine Smooth Muscle

The spontaneous electrical activity of uterine smooth muscle was rather variable when acute observations were made. Therefore, a series of chronic experiments was performed with implanted electrodes to monitor a group of myometrial cells under different physiological conditions for periods up to eight weeks. The results showed that consistent behavior of myometrial cells could be observed provided similar hormonal status was maintained. Action potentials were rare or absent in myometrium of oophorectomized animals but were caused to appear by estrogen. In the pregnant uterus, action potentials increased both in amplitude and frequency of discharge as parturition approached, reached a peak at that time, and then declined in the postpartum days. The results indicated that in estrogen treatment and in parturition activities of myometrial cells were more synchronous. There was suggestive evidence that there were central impulses initiating activity in the pregnant uterus, and that the responses of the myometrium were affected by the local conditions.

scholarly journals Dependence of Spontaneous Electrical Activity and Basal Prolactin Release on Nonselective Cation Channels in Pituitary Lactotrophs

2012 ◽  
pp. 267-275 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. KUČKA ◽  
K. KRETSCHMANNOVÁ ◽  
S. S. STOJILKOVIC ◽  
H. ZEMKOVÁ ◽  
M. TOMIĆ
Keyword(s):  
Electrical Activity ◽  
Action Potentials ◽  
Gh3 Cells ◽  
Cation Channels ◽  
Organic Cations ◽  
Trpc Channels ◽  
Pituitary Cells ◽  
Prolactin Release ◽  
Nonselective Cation Channels ◽  
Mrna Transcripts

All secretory anterior pituitary cells fire action potentials spontaneously and exhibit a high resting cation conductance, but the channels involved in the background permeability have not been identified. In cultured lactotrophs and immortalized GH3 cells, replacement of extracellular Na+ with large organic cations, but not blockade of voltage-gated Na+ influx, led to an instantaneous hyperpolarization of cell membranes that was associated with a cessation of spontaneous firing. When cells were clamped at –50 mV, which was close to the resting membrane potential in these cells, replacement of bath Na+ with organic cations resulted in an outward-like current, reflecting an inhibition of the inward holding membrane current and indicating loss of a background-depolarizing conductance. Quantitative RT-PCR analysis revealed the high expression of mRNA transcripts for TRPC1 and much lower expression of TRPC6 in both lactotrophs and GH3 cells. Very low expression of TRPC3, TRPC4, and TRPC5 mRNA transcripts were also present in pituitary but not GH3 cells. 2-APB and SKF-96365, relatively selective blockers of TRPC channels, inhibited electrical activity, Ca2+ influx and prolactin release in a concentration-dependent manner. Gd3+, a common Ca2+ channel blocker, and flufenamic acid, an inhibitor of non-selective cation channels, also inhibited electrical activity, Ca2+ influx and prolactin release. These results indicate that nonselective cation channels, presumably belonging to the TRPC family, contribute to the background depolarizing conductance and firing of action potentials with consequent contribution to Ca2+ influx and hormone release in lactotrophs and GH3 cells.

Effect of secretin on electrical activity of small intestine

1975 ◽  
Vol 229 (2) ◽  
pp. 484-488 ◽  
Author(s):  
AK Mukhopadhyay ◽  
LR Johnson ◽  
EM Copeland ◽  
NW Weisbrodt
Keyword(s):  
Small Intestine ◽  
Small Bowel ◽  
Electrical Activity ◽  
Slow Wave ◽  
Intravenous Infusion ◽  
Action Potentials ◽  
Slow Waves ◽  
Wave Frequency ◽  
Conscious Dogs ◽  
Total Percentage

The effect of intravenously administered secretin (0.5, 2.0, 6.0 U/kg-h) and intraduodenal acidification (13.2 meq/h HCl) on the electrical activity of the small bowel of three conscious dogs with gastric and duodenal cannulas was observed. Electrical activity was recorded in fasted as well as fed conditions through silver wire electrodes implanted along the entire length of the small bowel. Intravenous infusion of secretin in all dosages and in all dogs delayed the onset of the interdigestive myoelectric complex and reduced the total percentage of slow waves with superimposed spike potentials. Intraduodenal acidification also inhibited the interdigestive myoelectric complex, which developed incompletely with fewer action potentials on slow waves. Secretin did not produce any alteration in the fed pattern of activity, slow-wave frequency, or the caudal migration of the interdigestive myoelectric complex. The present study indicates that the nuerohumoral mechanisms responsible for initiation of the interdigestive myoelectric complex may be different from those responsible for its caudal migration.

Effect of tetraethylammonium on tonic airway smooth muscle: initiation of phasic electrical activity

1975 ◽  
Vol 228 (2) ◽  
pp. 633-636 ◽  
Author(s):  
EA Kroeger ◽  
NL Stephens
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Smooth Muscle ◽  
Electrical Activity ◽  
Action Potentials ◽  
Membrane Conductance ◽  
Mechanical Activity ◽  
Myogenic Response ◽  
Intracellular Recordings ◽  
External Stimulation ◽  
Length Constant

We have previously shown that in the presence of tetraethylammonium (TEA, 6.7-67 mM) phasic mechanical activity and a myogenic response (MR) to quick stretch are produced in normally multi-unit tracheal smooth muscle. The present studies were designed to investigate the electrophysiological basis for these changes in the mechanical properties of the muscle. Intracellular recordings showed that in the presence of TEA the membrane was partially depolarized and trains of small (8-20 mV), decrementally conducted action potentials were produced spontaneously at a frequency of 15-20/min. Action potentials could also be stimulated by external electrodes, and the conduction velocity over short distances was 0.84 plus or minus 0.2 cm/s. Membrane conductance and rectification, as measured by the magnitude of electrotonic potentials in response to external stimulation, were reduced in the presence of TEA. The length constant was increased from 1.6 plus or minus 0.1 to 2.8 plus or minus 0.2 mm. These results are consistent with the notion that TEA produces phasic membrane electrical activity by reducing P-K.

Effect of thermal fluctuations on dynamics of small Josephson junctions

2019 ◽  
Vol 33 (25) ◽  
pp. 1950306
Author(s):  
I. N. Askerzade
Keyword(s):  
Josephson Junction ◽  
Coulomb Blockade ◽  
Josephson Junctions ◽  
Thermal Fluctuations ◽  
Energy Ratio

In this study, we carried out the analysis of the thermal fluctuations on the dynamics of small Josephson junction (JJ). An expression for the fluctuation of Coulomb blockade edge in the case of low and high growing rate of voltage was obtained. It was shown that dynamics of small-sized JJ under thermal fluctuations is determined by the energy ratio-parameter, temperature and growing rate of voltage.

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