ABSTRAK<br />Pengendalian hama non-kimiawi semakin meningkat sehingga<br />mengurangi penggunaan insektisida kimia. Alternatif pengendalian hama<br />menggunakan pestisida botani dan agensia mikrobia cukup efektif<br />mengendalikan penggerek buah kapas H. armigera. Penelitian efisiensi<br />pengendalian penggerek buah kapas H. armigera dengan SBM dan NPV<br />dilakukan di Kebun Percobaan Balai Penelitian Tanaman Tembakau dan<br />Serat di Asembagus, Situbondo, Jawa Timur mulai Januari hingga<br />Desember 2003. Tujuannya adalah untuk mengetahui tingkat efisiensi<br />pengendalian penggerek buah kapas H. armigera terutama dengan<br />kombinasi SBM dan NPV. Perlakuan yang digunakan adalah: (1)<br />SBM(LC 25 )+NPV(LC 50 ), (2) SBM(LC 50 )+NPV(LC 50 ), (3) SBM (dosis<br />rekomendasi), (4) NPV (dosis rekomendasi), (5) betasiflutrin (dosis<br />rekomendasi), dan (6) kontrol (tanpa perlakuan). Setiap perlakuan disusun<br />dalam rancangan acak kelompok (RAK) dengan tiga ulangan. Parameter<br />yang diamati meliputi populasi ulat H. armigera dan kompleks<br />predatornya, frekuensi penyemprotan masing-masing perlakuan, kerusakan<br />kuncup bunga dan buah kapas, biaya pengendalian hama, pendapatan,<br />marginal rate of return (MRR), dan hasil kapas serta kacang hijau. Hasil<br />penelitian menunjukkan bahwa pengendalian H. armigera dengan<br />kombinasi perlakuan SBM(LC 50 )+NPV(LC 50 ) lebih efisien menurunkan<br />biaya pengendalian hama hingga 63,4% dan meningkatkan pendapatan<br />sebesar 32,7% dibanding insektisida kimia betasiflutrin, dengan nilai MRR<br />4,66 dan 4,28 masing-masing atas kontrol dan insektisida kimia.<br />Kata kunci: Kapas, Gossypium hirsutum, hama, penggerek buah,<br />Helicoverpa armigera, SBM, NPV, pengendalian hama,<br />marginal rate of return, Jawa Timur<br />ABSTRACT<br />Efficiency in cotton bollworm Helicoverpa armigera Hübner control<br />using neem seed powder and nuclear polyhedrosis virus<br />Insect pest biological control potentially decreases the use of<br />chemical insecticides. The alternative control method chosen was<br />combination of botanical and microbial agents that showed higher<br />effectiveness against H. armigera. This control method might also<br />potential to minimize the use of chemical pesticide on cotton. Study on<br />efficiency of cotton bollworm Helicoverpa armigera Hübner control using<br />neem seed powder (NSP) and nuclear polyhedrosis virus was conducted at<br />Asembagus Experimental Station of Indonesian Tobacco and Fiber Crops<br />Research Institute, Situbondo, East Java, from January to December 2003.<br />The objective of this study was to find out the efficiency level of cotton<br />bollworm control using combination of neem seed powder (NSP) and<br />nuclear polyhedrosis virus (NPV). The treatments were : (1) NSP(LC 25 ) +<br />NPV(LC 50 ), (2) NSP(LC 50 ) + NPV(LC 50 ), (3) NSP (recommended dose),<br />(4) NPV (recommended dose), (5) betacyfluthrin (recommended dose),<br />and (6) control (untreated). The treatments were arranged in a randomized<br />block design with three replications. Parameters observed were population<br />of H. armigera larvae and its complex predators, frequency of spraying,<br />square and boll damage, cost of control, net income, marginal rate of<br />return, and yield of seed cotton and mungbean. The research results<br />showed that the combination of NSP(LC 50 )+NPV(LC 50 ) effectively<br />reduced the total cost of insect control by 63.4% and increased the increase<br />32.7% compared to betacyfluthrin. The combination also showed the<br />highest marginal rate of return of 4.66 and 4.28 based on control and<br />betacyfluthrin, respectively.<br />Key words: Cotton, Gossypium hirsutum, insect, cotton bollworm,<br />Helicoverpa armigera, NSP, NPV, insect control, marginal<br />rate of return, East Java
The Potential of Subculture Helicoverpa armigera Nuclear Polyhedrosis Virus as an Alternate Synthetic Insecticides to Control Insect Pests in Cabbages Plantation (Brassica oleracea var. capitata L.)