scholarly journals Determination of Tricuspid Regurgitation Velocity/Pulmonary Artery Flow Velocity Time Integral in Dogs with Pulmonary Hypertension

2020 ◽  
Vol 37 (4) ◽  
pp. 185-190
Author(s):  
Seungji Kim ◽  
Dayoung Oh ◽  
Siheon Lee ◽  
Sungkyun Hong ◽  
Mincheol Choi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Pulmonary Hypertension ◽  
Pulmonary Artery ◽  
Flow Velocity ◽  
Tricuspid Regurgitation ◽  
Velocity Time Integral ◽  
Time Integral ◽  
Pulmonary Artery Flow ◽  
Artery Flow

scholarly journals Pulmonary Vascular Resistance Estimated by Echocardiography in Dogs With Myxomatous Mitral Valve Disease and Pulmonary Hypertension Probability

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ryohei Suzuki ◽  
Yunosuke Yuchi ◽  
Haruka Kanno ◽  
Takahiro Saito ◽  
Takahiro Teshima ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Pulmonary Hypertension ◽  
Mitral Valve ◽  
Pulmonary Artery ◽  
Tricuspid Valve ◽  
Valve Regurgitation ◽  
Tricuspid Valve Regurgitation ◽  
Velocity Time Integral ◽  
Non Invasive ◽  
Time Integral ◽  
Artery Flow

Post-capillary pulmonary hypertension (PH) is a life-threatening complication in dogs with myxomatous mitral valve disease (MMVD). An increase in pulmonary vascular resistance (PVR) is associated with post-capillary PH progression. In humans, PVR estimated by echocardiography (PVRecho) enables the non-invasive assessment of PVR in patients with PH. This study aimed to evaluate the clinical utility of PVRecho in dogs with MMVD, PH probability, and right-sided congestive heart failure (R-CHF). Dogs with MMVD and detectable tricuspid valve regurgitation were included in the study. Dogs were classified into three PH probability groups (low/intermediate/high) and according to the presence or absence of R-CHF. All dogs underwent echocardiographic measurements for right ventricular (RV) morphology and function. PVRecho was calculated by two methods using tricuspid valve regurgitation velocity and velocity–time integral of the pulmonary artery flow (PVRecho and PVRecho2). RV size indicators were significantly higher with a higher probability of PH. RV strain and velocity–time integral of the pulmonary artery flow in the high probability group were significantly lower than those in the other groups. Tricuspid valve regurgitation velocity, PVRecho, and PVRecho2 were significantly higher with an increase in PH probability. Logistic regression analysis revealed a significant association between the presence of R-CHF and increased PVRecho2 and end-diastolic RV internal dimension normalized by body weight. PVRecho and PVRecho2 showed significant differences among the PH probability groups. These non-invasive variables may be useful for the diagnosis and stratification of PH and the determination of the presence of R-CHF in dogs with MMVD.

Effects of Antenatal Betamethasone on Human Fetal Branch Pulmonary Artery Flow Velocity Waveforms

2007 ◽  
Vol 23 (1) ◽  
pp. 46-53 ◽  
Author(s):  
José L. Bartha ◽  
Marta Largo-Heinrich ◽  
María J. Machado ◽  
Fernando González-Bugatto ◽  
Blas Hervías-Vivancos
Keyword(s):  
Pulmonary Artery ◽  
Flow Velocity ◽  
Branch Pulmonary Artery ◽  
Pulmonary Artery Flow ◽  
Artery Flow

scholarly journals O006 Early vascular ageing in children with sleep disordered breathing: evidence of vascular hypertrophy and hyperplasia

2021 ◽  
Vol 2 (Supplement_1) ◽  
pp. A3-A4
Author(s):  
P Vokolos ◽  
D Kennedy ◽  
K Lushington ◽  
J Martin ◽  
D Wabnitz ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Blood Flow ◽  
Flow Velocity ◽  
Blood Flow Velocity ◽  
Vascular Function ◽  
Arterial Wall ◽  
Velocity Time Integral ◽  
Sympathetic Overactivity ◽  
Time Integral ◽  
Vascular Ageing ◽  
Increased Blood Flow

Abstract Children with sleep disordered breathing (SDB) have evidence of increased blood flow velocity and sympathetic overactivity. Sympathetic overactivity leads to peripheral vasoconstriction, increased vascular resistance and consequently, increases blood flow velocity. Early vascular ageing involves premature arterial thickening and stiffening that leads to changes in vascular function. Both increased blood flow velocity and sympathetic overactivity are promoters of arterial remodelling and hence, early vascular ageing. No studies have directly histologically investigated arterial wall structure in children with SDB and how it relates to vascular function. Thirty-six children scheduled for tonsillectomy underwent polysomnography to determine SDB severity and resting brachial artery blood flow velocity (velocity time integral and peak systolic velocity) using Doppler ultrasound. The dorsal lingual artery (tonsil) was stained using hematoxylin and eosin techniques to examine arterial wall structures. Increased velocity time integral correlated with increased arterial medial thickness (r = 0.50, P<0.01), arterial smooth muscle cells (r =0.43, P<0.05) and arterial smooth muscle layers (r=0.45, P<0.01). These relationships remained significant after controlling for body-mass index (BMI). Increased BMI was associated with increased velocity time integral (r=0.61, P<0.01), arterial medial thickness (r=0.37, P<0.05) and arterial medial area (r=0.36, P<0.05). SpO2nadir (TST/REM) was inversely associated with arterial medial area (r=-0.35; r=-0.38, P<0.05). These results demonstrate that increased blood flow velocity is associated with changes in arterial wall composition in children with SDB. This suggests that paediatric SDB, a treatable disorder, is potentially a modifiable risk factor for early vascular ageing and resultant cardiovascular disease in adulthood.

Efficacy of vasodilator therapy in canine model of acute pulmonary hypertension

1988 ◽  
Vol 255 (5) ◽  
pp. H1232-H1239 ◽  
Author(s):  
H. J. Priebe
Keyword(s):  
Pulmonary Hypertension ◽  
Gas Exchange ◽  
Pulmonary Artery ◽  
Prostaglandin E1 ◽  
Canine Model ◽  
Lung Compliance ◽  
Myocardial Segment ◽  
Vasodilator Therapy ◽  
Artery Flow ◽  
Subsequent Administration

This study was performed to determine 1) the effects of acute pulmonary embolization (induced by injection of autologous muscle) on right ventricular (RV) performance, coronary hemodynamics, and gas exchange; and 2) the efficacy of subsequent administration of nitroglycerin, prostaglandin E1, and hydralazine with regard to improvement in RV function and gas exchange in eight open-chest dogs. After embolization, pulmonary artery (PA) pressure and vascular resistance (PVR) increased three- to fivefold without changes in RV end-diastolic dimensions (ultrasonic dimension technique) or pressure. However, systolic dimensions increased, and stroke volume (SV) fell. Gas exchange, lung compliance, and pH worsened. Subsequent administration of nitroglycerin (5 micrograms.kg-1.min-1) and prostaglandin E1 (0.2 micrograms.kg-1.min-1) caused further decreases in SV and pH. In contrast, hydralazine (mean 0.15 mg/kg) improved myocardial segment shortening, SV, PVR, pulmonary artery flow, and gas exchange. Coronary blood flow increased by 110%. Thus in this canine model of combined pulmonary hypertension and respiratory insufficiency, nitroglycerin and prostaglandin E1 exerted no beneficial cardiopulmonary effects. In contrast, hydralazine improved regional and global RV performance and gas exchange.

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