scholarly journals Red Chalk Palimpsest: The Logic of Somba Landscape

2020 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
pp. 191-204
Author(s):  
Fabrice Noukpakou ◽  
Ghita Barkouch ◽  
Nawri Khamallah ◽  
Renaud Pleitinx
Keyword(s):  
Information System ◽  
Geographic Information System ◽  
Settlement Patterns ◽  
Archaeological Sites ◽  
Landscape Elements ◽  
System Data ◽  
Generative Approach ◽  
North Western ◽  
Geographic Information System Data ◽  
The Disappeared

This article presents the results of a study on the traditional settlement patterns of the Somba people, living in the department of Atacora, north-western Benin. Adopting a methodology based on both a generative approach and André Corboz’s (1983) territory–palimpsest analogy, the study specifically questions the ‘dispersed’ character of the Somba habitat. Built upon two hypotheses, according to which Tatas Somba settle approximately to pre-existing Tatas and near to watercourses, this study seeks to understand the reasons and conditions of this dispersal throughout history. By cross-checking on-site inventory and geographic information system data allowing to analyse the distances between Tatas, archaeological sites and nearby watercourses, and thus revealing the permanent, the persistent, and the disappeared landscape elements, this article aims to prove that the settlement of the Tatas Somba is not determined by geometrical compositions, landmarks, or infrastructures, but rather by a combination of social, agricultural, environmental, and subsistence factors.

Automatic Identification of Roadway Horizontal Alignment Information Using Geographic Information System Data: CurvS Tool

2021 ◽  
pp. 036119812110363
Author(s):  
Bekir Bartin ◽  
Sami Demiroluk ◽  
Kaan Ozbay ◽  
Mojibulrahman Jami
Keyword(s):  
Information System ◽  
New Jersey ◽  
Geographic Information System ◽  
Geographic Information ◽  
Automatic Identification ◽  
Web Based ◽  
Horizontal Alignment ◽  
System Data ◽  
Overlap Ratio ◽  
Geographic Information System Data

This paper introduces CurvS, a web-based tool for researchers and analysts that automatically extracts, visualizes, and analyzes roadway horizontal alignment information using readily available geographic information system roadway centerline data. The functionalities of CurvS are presented along with a brief background on its methodology. The validation of its estimation results are presented using actual horizontal alignment data from two different roadway types: Route 83, a two-lane two-way rural roadway in New Jersey and I-80, a freeway segment in Nevada. Different metrics are used for validation. These are identification rates of curved and tangent sections, overlap ratio of curved and tangent sections between estimated and actual horizontal alignment data, and percent fit of curve radii. The validation results show that CurvS is able to identify all the curves on these two roadways, and the estimated section lengths are significantly close to the actual alignment data, especially for the I-80 freeway segment, where 90% of curved length and 94% of tangent section length are correctly matched. Even when curves have small central angles, such as the ones in Route 83, CurvS’s estimations covers 71% of curved length and 96% of tangent section length.

scholarly journals Importing Data from Shapefiles and Pathfinding along Generated Nodes

2017 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Victor Brestoiu
Keyword(s):  
Information System ◽  
Geographic Information System ◽  
Shortest Path ◽  
Binary Data ◽  
Search Algorithm ◽  
Systems Research ◽  
System Data ◽  
The City ◽  
Further Development ◽  
Geographic Information System Data

The Shapefile format is a particular standard for storing GIS (Geographic Information System) data, designed and developed by the Environmental Systems Research Institute (ESRI). The purpose of this project was to extract the binary data describing the City of Lethbridge from ESRI Shapefiles, and then to demonstrate an ability to utilize and modify this data. The utilization component centered on pathfinding and visually drawing the data, while the modification component involved the creation of a new, human-readable file type which contained the processed Shapefile data. These goals were accomplished by converting the Shapefile data into custom ‘Node’ objects in C++ code. These nodes form the basis for further development, as more attributes can easily be added to them as needed. The implemented pathfinding is a matter of picking a starting and ending node, and travelling across their adjacent nodes until a shortest path is found, a search algorithm called A* (read: A Star). Although further work is necessary for a robust product, this platform is already highly modular and is freely available open source. Le format Shapefile est un standard particulier pour le stockage des données du système d’information géographique (SIG), conçu et développé par l’Institut de Recherche des Systèmes Environnementaux (ESRI). Le but de ce project était d’extraire les données binaires qui décrivent la ville the Lethbridge des Shapefiles ESRI, et de démontrer que ces données peuvent être utilisées et modifiées. Le composant d’utilisation était centré sur la navigation et la visualization des données, tandis que le composant de modification a demandé la création d’un nouveau format lisible aux humains qui contient les données Shapefile traitées. Ces buts ont été accomplies en convertissant l’information Shapefile en objets ‘nœud’ personnalisés dans le langage de programmation C++. Ces nœuds forment la base pour les développements plus approfondis, car plus d’attributs peuvent être facilement ajoutés aux nœuds lorsque nécessaire. Le système de navigation implémentée est alors une question de choisir un nœud de départ et de terminaison, puis voyager à travers leurs nœuds adjacents jusqu’à la découverte de la route la plus courte. Ce procès informatique est l’algorithme de recherche A* (lu : A Star). Quoi qu’encore plus de travail soient nécessaire pour le développement d’un produit able, cette plateforme est déjà très modulaire et disponible à l’open-source.  

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