Utility of compost and wood mill waste amendments to mitigate severe replant stress of sweet cherry in the Okanagan Valley of British Columbia

2019 ◽  
pp. 421-428
Author(s):  
T.A. Forge ◽  
D. Neilsen ◽  
G.H. Neilsen ◽  
P. Munro ◽  
T.T. Watson ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
British Columbia ◽  
Sweet Cherry ◽  
Mill Waste ◽  
Okanagan Valley

THE IDENTITY OF SMALL BITTER CHERRY AND WESTERN X LITTLE CHERRY

1959 ◽  
Vol 39 (2) ◽  
pp. 183-186 ◽  
Author(s):  
T. B. Lott
Keyword(s):  
British Columbia ◽  
Sweet Cherry ◽  
The Other ◽  
Close Proximity ◽  
Okanagan Valley ◽  
Cherry Trees

Small bitter cherry was found in the Okanagan Valley of British Columbia in 1940, and was recognized as being different from little cherry in the Kootenay area of British Columbia and buckskin in California. Diseases similar to small bitter cherry were found in the northwestern states from 1942 to 1948 and were shown to be caused by the virus of western X-disease. Extensive surveys in British Columbia showed that small bitter cherry occurs only in the southern part of the Okanagan Valley and always in close proximity to western X-disease in peach. Small bitter cherry was inoculated into 48 peach seedlings and into 15 chokecherry trees. Symptoms of western X-disease appeared in 3 peach seedlings and in 2 chokecherry trees. Symptoms appeared up to 4 years after inoculation. The successful transmissions were obtained from 2 diseased sweet cherry trees. These limited transmissions, taken in conjunction with the other evidence submitted, support the conclusion that small bitter cherry is western X little cherry or a form of that disease.

Influence of weather on apricot, peach and sweet cherry production in the Okanagan Valley of British Columbia

2006 ◽  
Vol 86 (1) ◽  
pp. 259-267 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. M. Caprio ◽  
H. A. Quamme
Keyword(s):  
British Columbia ◽  
Sweet Cherry ◽  
Prunus Persica ◽  
Prunus Avium ◽  
Prunus Armeniaca ◽  
Flower Bud ◽  
Prunus Armeniaca L ◽  
Harvest Year ◽  
Prunus Avium L ◽  
Okanagan Valley

An iterative χ2 method that generates indices of association was used to determine daily weather occurrences associated with annual variations in peach (Prunus persica Batch.), apricot (Prunus armeniaca L.), and sweet cherry production (Prunus avium L.) in the Okanagan Valley of British Columbia over a 72 yr period, 1920–1991. During September and early October of the pre-harvest year, warm daytime temperatures favoured apricot (≥ 26°C) and sweet cherry production (≥ 19°C), probably because this promoted flower bud development. High daytime temperatures (≥ 27°C) were detrimental to apricot production in August of the pre-harvest year. During the pre-harvest year, peach production was only weakly associated with daytime temperature. Precipitation adversely affected peach and sweet cherry production in the preharvest year indirectly by associated lower temperatures or directly by enhanced disease infection. The main climatic factor limiting production of these crops was low temperatures from November to February (critical value range, ≥ -13 to ≥ -24°C, nighttime temperature) that cause winter injury. Precipitation during this period, usually snowfall, mostly favoured production. Poor production years were also associated with low nighttime temperatures (≤ -2 to -5°C) in spring at the time the flowers are prone to frost injury. During the bloom period warm temperatures (≥16°C, daytime temperature) favoured Prunus production, probably because of the temperature requirements for good pollination and flower set. Rainfall during fruit development and harvest of sweet cherry reduced production because of rain-induced cracking. Daytime temperatures were detrimental to production of apricot (≥ 31°C) and sweet cherry (≥ 33°C to ≥ 37° C) during harvest. The anticipated climate change appears to favour Prunus production in the Okanagan Valley, except for increased rainfall on sweet cherry production. Key words: Prunus persica Batch., Prunus armeniaca L., Prunus avium L., tree fruit, climate, heat stress, spring frost, winter injury

Shifting Prevalence of Plant-Parasitic Nematodes in Orchards and Vineyards of the Okanagan Valley, British Columbia

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Thomas Forge ◽  
Paige Munro ◽  
Andrew J. Midwood ◽  
Lori Philips ◽  
Kirsten Hannam ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
British Columbia ◽  
Sweet Cherry ◽  
Fruit Production ◽  
Parasitic Nematodes ◽  
Plant Parasitic Nematodes ◽  
Population Densities ◽  
Crop Species ◽  
Important Pest ◽  
Plant Parasitic ◽  
Okanagan Valley

Fruit production in the Okanagan Valley of British Columbia is dominated by apple, sweet cherry, and wine grape. The relative importance of sweet cherry and grape has increased in recent decades, but little was known of the plant-parasitic nematodes associated with those crops. Soil samples analyzed for plant-parasitic nematodes were collected from a total of 39 apple orchards, 61 cherry orchards, and 57 vineyards; most were collected in 2018, but 36 cherry orchards were sampled in 2012. Soil properties were also assessed and related to nematode population densities. Nematode genera of potential significance were, in order of prevalence, Pratylenchus, Mesocriconema, Xiphinema, Paratylenchus, Paratrichodorus, Hemicycliophora, and Meloidogyne. Pratylenchus were found in 79, 98, and 81% of the apple, cherry, and grape plantings, respectively; Mesocriconema were found in 51, 79, and 82%; and Xiphinema were found in 59, 51, and 77%. Population densities of the three dominant genera were influenced more by soil texture than any other soil characteristics, with Pratylenchus being negatively correlated with percentage clay, Mesocriconema positively correlated with percentage sand, and Xiphinema positively correlated with percentage silt. The high prevalence of Mesocriconema in cherry orchards and vineyards in this region is significant because Mesocriconema is known to be an important pest of other Prunus crop species and grapevines in other regions. This study therefore provides a rationale for increasing grower awareness and research efforts on the impacts and management of Mesocriconema and other plant-parasitic nematodes in orchards and vineyards in the region.

Monitoring of Drosophila suzukii (Diptera: Drosophilidae) in Okanagan Valley vineyards, British Columbia, Canada, and assessment of damage to table and wine grapes (Vitaceae)

2020 ◽  
Vol 152 (4) ◽  
pp. 415-431
Author(s):  
Susanna Acheampong ◽  
Etienne Lord ◽  
D. Thomas Lowery
Keyword(s):  
British Columbia ◽  
Weather Conditions ◽  
Wine Grape ◽  
Drosophila Suzukii ◽  
Wine Grapes ◽  
Apple Cider ◽  
Table Grapes ◽  
Soft Fruit ◽  
Grape Cultivars ◽  
Okanagan Valley

AbstractSpotted-wing drosophila, Drosophila suzukii, (Matsumura) (Diptera: Drosophilidae), has become a serious pest of soft fruit in the Okanagan Valley of British Columbia, Canada since its detection in 2009. The study was conducted to determine the distribution of D. suzukii and damage levels in grapes. Apple cider vinegar-baited traps placed in table and wine grape (Vitis vinifera Linnaeus; Vitaceae) vineyards during 2011–2013 demonstrated that D. suzukii was numerous in all sites, with earliest emergence and highest numbers recorded in 2013. Drosophila suzukii were reared from intact and damaged table grapes and damaged wine grapes collected from the field, but not from intact wine grapes. Drosophila suzukii were reared in low numbers in 2011 from intact fruit of 11 wine grape cultivars exposed artificially in the laboratory. Susceptibility of intact wine grapes under laboratory conditions in 2011 when sour rot was widespread might relate in part to undetected infections of berries due to weather conditions. Identification of Drosophila Fallén species revealed that D. suzukii comprised a small portion of the total. Our results demonstrate that healthy wine grapes in the Okanagan Valley of British Columbia are largely undamaged by D. suzukii, while certain table grape cultivars should be protected from attack.

Evidence for "Caribooan Orogeny" in the Southern Okanagan Region of British Columbia

1972 ◽  
Vol 9 (12) ◽  
pp. 1693-1702
Author(s):  
John V. Ross ◽  
William C. Barnes
Keyword(s):  
British Columbia ◽  
Sedimentary Rocks ◽  
Late Paleozoic ◽  
Deformational History ◽  
Exposed Part ◽  
Strong Deformation ◽  
Paleozoic Rocks ◽  
Okanagan Valley

A sequence of non-metamorphosed, little deformed, fossiliferous, sedimentary rocks, near Keremeos, southern British Columbia, unconformably overlies rocks having a history similar to that of the Vaseaux Formation, the most westerly exposed part of the Shuswap Complex of the southern Okanagan Valley. Fossils from the younger sequence have a late Mississippian – early Pennsylvanian age.This part of the southern Okanagan region has a deformational history that is pre-mid-Carboniferous and likely related to the Caribooan orogeny. This is in contrast to Late Paleozoic rocks at northern Okanagan localities and elsewhere in British Columbia that have under-gone strong deformation of probably Mesozoic age.

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