Production of pure nickel alloys doped with sulfur and phosphorus

A procedure for alloying nickel with sulfur and phosphorus by diffusion and homogenizing annealing is described using the example of pure nickel (RRR at 600). A scheme of the installation for alloying from the gas phase is described. The possibility of uniform alloying with sulfur and phosphorus of samples and material in the form of plates or foils with a thickness of 0.2 mm or thinner at a concentration ranging between 0.001 and 0.08) at. % is shown. Diffusion annealing is carried out after heating and pumping out in a high vacuum and without contamination, in a quartz volume containing sulfur or phosphorus vapors at a temperature of 1100 to 1200 °C. By choosing the ratio of the masses of the alloyed material and the corresponding filling of sulfur or phosphorus, it is possible to predict in advance the resulting concentration of impurities with a sufficient time of annealing. The impurity concentration is uniform in volume within ten percent. Modeling and control annealings with the measurement of the residual resistivity of the control samples allows you to evaluate the results obtained.

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Dynamic System Simulation Using Distributed Computation Hardware

Volume 2: Modeling, Simulation and Control; Bio-Inspired Smart Materials and Systems; Energy Harvesting ◽

10.1115/smasis2016-9212 ◽

2016 ◽

Author(s):

Keith A. Williams

Keyword(s):

Dynamic Systems ◽

Low Cost ◽

Computation Time ◽

Practical Implementation ◽

Modeling And Control ◽

Digitally Programmable ◽

Field Programmable ◽

The Masses ◽

And Control ◽

Programmable Hardware

The availability of low-cost, readily programmable digital hardware offers numerous opportunities for novel modeling and control approaches. One such opportunity is the realization of hardware modeling of distributed dynamic systems. Such models could be useful for control algorithms that require high-fidelity models operating in real-time. The ultimate goal is to utilize digital systems with programmable hardware. As a proof-of-concept, multiple discrete microcontrollers have been used to emulate how programmable hardware devices may be used to simulate a distributed vibrating system. Specifically, each microcontroller is treated as a single vibrating mass with stiffness and damping coupling between the masses. Each microcontroller has associated position and velocity variables. The only additional knowledge required to compute the acceleration of each “mass” is thus the position and velocity of each immediate neighboring mass/microcontroller. The computation time is independent of the number of nodes; adding nodes results in no reduction in processing speed. Consequently, the computational approach will be applicable to very high order models. Practical implementation of such models will require digitally programmable hardware such as field-programmable gate arrays (FPGA), however an added benefit will be a still greater reduction in cost, as multiple microcontrollers are replaced by a single FPGA. It is expected that the hardware modeling approach described in this work will have application not only in the field of vibration modeling and control, but also in other fields where control of distributed dynamic systems is desired.

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