scholarly journals Clinical case of Guillain-Barré syndrome associated with COVID-19

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (2) ◽  
pp. 110-118
Author(s):  
Elena V. Shirshova ◽  
Vladimir V. Knaub ◽  
Vladimir P. Baklaushev
Keyword(s):  
Nervous System ◽  
Clinical Case ◽  
Disease Onset ◽  
Pathological Process ◽  
Lung Damage ◽  
Guillain Barre Syndrome ◽  
Guillain Barré Syndrome ◽  
Psychopathological Disorders ◽  
Guillain Barré ◽  
High Level

Background: The coronavirus infection caused by SARS-Cov-2 is characterized by a damage to many organs and systems of the human body. To date, convincing information has been obtained about the involvement of various parts of the nervous system in the pathological process in patients with COVID-19. Among the most frequently described impairments, there are disorders of smell and taste, common disorders of the central nervous system, characterized by general cerebral symptoms, such as headache, asthenization, psychopathological disorders. One of the rare and severe forms of the peripheral nervous system damage in COVID-19 is Guillain-Barre syndrome (GBS), characterized by acute post-infectious inflammatory polyneuropathy with an autoimmune etiology. Clinical case description. We present a clinical case of GBS associated with COVID-19. The disease debuted as a peripheral tetraparesis with a progredient course of up to 21 days. Systemic administration of immunoglobulin stopped the disease progression. The association of GBS with COVID-19 was clarified a month after the disease onset, when bilateral polysegmental pneumonia was diagnosed, and a high level of IgG to the S-protein of SARS-CoV-2 was found, 3 times higher than the level of IgM, which indicated the duration of the disease was not less than three weeks. Conclusion: The GBS development upon infection with SARS-CoV-2 may precede the lung damage. The debut of GBS during the COVID-19 pandemic requires the exclusion of the SARS-CoV-2 etiological role in each case.

scholarly journals Guillain-Barré syndrome in a child: a clinical case

2020 ◽  
Vol 48 (4) ◽  
pp. 285-289
Author(s):  
A. Yu. Ryabchenko ◽  
E. V. Grankin
Keyword(s):  
Spinal Cord ◽  
Nervous System ◽  
Peripheral Nervous System ◽  
Clinical Case ◽  
Clinical Course ◽  
Guillain Barre Syndrome ◽  
Complete Regression ◽  
Gradual Improvement ◽  
Guillain Barré Syndrome ◽  
Guillain Barré

Guillain-Barré syndrome is an orphan autoimmune disease associated with the involvement of the peripheral nervous system. The clinical course of the syndrome has four main types. We present a clinical case of Guillain-Barré syndrome in a 6-year old child. Against the background of a previous infection, he developed oculomotor dysfunction, peripheral tetraparesis, sensory abnormalities with subsequent severe weakness of the respiratory muscles. The differential diagnosis included inflammatory, infectious and neoplastic spinal cord disorders, spinal cord magnetic resonance imaging, and examination of the cerebrospinal fluid. The patient's electromyographic data confirmed peripheral nerve damage. Based on all of these, the patient was diagnosed with Guillain-Barré syndrome. Specific treatment, including plasmapheresis and intravenous human immunoglobulin G at a dose of 0.4 mg daily for 5 days, and symptomatic treatment resulted in gradual improvement and complete regression of the neurological symptoms completely resolved. Since Guillain-Barré syndrome is a rare disease of the peripheral nervous system, the awareness of the specifics of its clinical course allows for earlier correct diagnosis and effective treatment.

SERIAL NERVE CONDUCTION STUDIES IN A GUILLAIN-BARRÉ SYNDROME VARIANT: THE EVOLUTION OF DEMYELINATING CHANGES

2015 ◽  
Vol 86 (11) ◽  
pp. e4.158-e4
Author(s):  
Catherine Morgan ◽  
Benjamin Wakerley ◽  
Geraint Fuller
Keyword(s):  
Nerve Conduction ◽  
Case Series ◽  
Pathological Process ◽  
Nerve Conduction Studies ◽  
Guillain Barre Syndrome ◽  
Facial Weakness ◽  
Guillain Barré Syndrome ◽  
Guillain Barré ◽  
Underlying Pathology ◽  
Serial Assessments

Guillain Barré syndrome (GBS) varies both in terms of clinical phenotype and underlying pathology. Serial assessments allow greater understanding of the pathophysiology. The evolution of neurophysiological changes is particularly helpful in distinguishing between demyelination and reversible axonal conduction failure.Bilateral facial weakness with distal paraesthesias is a rare subtype of GBS. In the largest case series 64% had abnormalities in motor and 27% in sensory conduction on single neurophysiological assessments; this was interpreted as a demyelinating neuropathy.We report an 18-year-old male with bilateral lower motor neurone facial weakness preceded by distal paraesthesias following a ‘flu-like illness. Examination of power and sensation was normal. Deep tendon reflexes were present. Cerebrospinal fluid showed albuminocytologic dissociation. By 6 weeks his facial weakness had almost completely resolved without treatment.Serial nerve conduction studies were performed. The first study (day 4) found prolonged distal motor latency and delayed F waves in posterior tibial and common peroneal nerves; normal sensory studies. Second study (day 18) found distal motor latencies and F waves had increased in upper and lower limb nerves. Third study (day 60) found improvement but abnormalities remained with changes similar to the first study.The neurophysiological changes became more marked while he improved clinically. These serial studies confirmed the primary pathological process of this GBS variant to be demyelination.

Complication of coronavirus disease (COVID-19) by Guillain-Barré syndrome

2020 ◽  
pp. 11-18
Author(s):  
Nataliya Vasil’evna Nozdryukhina ◽  
Ekaterina Nikolayevna Kabayeva ◽  
Evgeny Vladimirovich Kirilyuk ◽  
Kristina Andreevna Tushova ◽  
Gennadiy Egorovich Chmutin
Keyword(s):  
Clinical Practice ◽  
Modern Science ◽  
Guillain Barre Syndrome ◽  
Guillain Barré Syndrome ◽  
Guillain Barré ◽  
High Level ◽  
Neurological Pathology

Despite achievements of modern science and clinical practice, a frequency of complications including fatality are still at a high level in Coronavirus Disease. Data on a spectrum of complications of COVID-19 is permanently updated. In this article three cases of Guillain–Barré syndrome in patients with COVID-19 are analyzed. This syndrome itself is a very rare neurological pathology accompanied by frequent disability and the mortality of patients.

scholarly journals Treatment-related fluctuation in Guillain-Barre syndrome

2011 ◽  
Vol 02 (02) ◽  
pp. 168-170 ◽  
Author(s):  
Thirunavukkarasu Thivakaran ◽  
Ranjanie Gamage ◽  
Inuka Kishara Gooneratne
Keyword(s):  
Immune Activation ◽  
Early Treatment ◽  
Disease Onset ◽  
Immunoglobulin Therapy ◽  
Chronic Inflammatory Demyelinating Polyradiculoneuropathy ◽  
Guillain Barre Syndrome ◽  
Disability Scale ◽  
Guillain Barré Syndrome ◽  
Immunoglobulin Treatment ◽  
Guillain Barré

ABSTRACTGuillain-Barre syndrome (GBS) is usually a monophasic illness but relapses occur. A 55-year-old female with hypertension and vitiligo presented with acute inflammatory demyelinating polyradiculoneuropathy. She improved with immunoglobulin treatment started on day 6 of illness, but relapsed on day 14 warranting repeat immunoglobulin therapy. Thereafter recovery was complete. Her relapse was due to treatment-related fluctuation (TRF). TRF is improvement in the GBS disability scale of at least one grade after completion of immunotherapy followed by worsening of the disability scale of at least one grade within the first 2 months after disease onset. Recurrent GBS and chronic inflammatory demyelinating polyradiculoneuropathy were excluded. During the peak of the illness ANA titres were transiently high. The presence of other medical conditions, predominant proximal weakness and the absence of preceding diarrhea are predictors for TRF seen in this patient. Early treatment and evidence of ongoing immune activation have contributed toward TRF.

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