scholarly journals O Processo de Incorporação do Nusinersena ao Sistema Único de Saúde para Tratamento da Atrofia Muscular Espinhal

Author(s):  
Larissa Santos de Mattos ◽  
Felipe Lara Janz

A Atrofia Muscular Espinhal (AME) é uma doença neurodegenerativa, na qual o gene SMN1 não é expresso, caracterizada por fraqueza muscular, paralisia e dificuldades respiratórias. Trata-se de uma doença crônica que não possui prognóstico de cura, porém existe um fármaco chamado nusinersena em processo de incorporação junto ao Sistema Único de Saúde (SUS), que traz avanços ao seu tratamento. Este trabalho tem como objetivo compreender a necessidade e o processo de incorporação do nusinersena ao SUS, através de revisão bibliográfica feita em bancos de dados científicos eletrônicos. A AME apresentava tratamento paliativo de difícil acesso, contudo o nusinersena promove melhorias no quadro clínico dos pacientes. Anteriormente à padronização deste no SUS, os pacientes tinham que entrar com ação judicial para conseguir o acesso ao medicamento, o que era um processo demorado em função de questões burocráticas, porém através da portaria nº 24, de 24 de abril de 2019 houve a incorporação deste ao SUS. A análise deste processo mostra que o fármaco é de alto custo e visto o impacto que este pode gerar no orçamento do SUS, permitiu-se o uso do fármaco para pacientes com diagnóstico genético obrigatório, que não estejam fazendo uso de ventilação mecânica e somente em centros de referência durante três anos, sendo o processo reavaliado após o prazo. Palavras-chave: Atrofia Muscular Espinhal. Sistema Único de Saúde. Judicialização da Saúde. Farmacoeconomia. Abstract Spinal Muscular Atrophy (AME) is a neurodegenerative disease - SMN1 gene is not expressed - which causes muscle weakness, paralysis and breathing difficulties. It is a chronic disease that has no prognosis for cure, but there is a recent drug called nusinersen in the incorporation process with SUS that brings advances in its treatment. This work aims to understand the need and the process of incorporating nusinersen to SUS, through a bibliographic review made in electronic scientific databases. EBF presented palliative treatment that is difficult to access, however nusinersen promotes improvements in the patients’ clinical conditions . Prior to its standardization in SUS, patients had to take legal action to obtain access to the medication, which was a lengthy process due to bureaucratic issues, however, through Ordinance No. 24, dated from April 24th, 2019, this was incorporated into SUS. The analysis of this process shows that the drug is of high cost and given the impact it can have on the SUS budget, the use of the drug was allowed for patients with mandatory genetic diagnosis, who are not using mechanical ventilation and only in referral centers for three years, the process being reassessed after the deadline. Keywords: Spinal Muscular Atrophy. Unified Health System. Health Judicialization. Economics, Pharmaceutical.

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (11) ◽  
pp. 2897-2902
Author(s):  
Raheena B ◽  
Shaila Borannavar ◽  
Ananta S Desai

Spinal Muscular Atrophy (SMA) is the second leading genetic disorder inherited in the autosomal recessive pattern due to the absence of the SMN1 gene characterized by loss of motor neurons and progressive muscle wasting, often leading to dependent life and decreased life span. In Ayurveda, this condition can be considered as Kulaja Vyadhi wherein the patient’s Mamsa and Snayu is affected by Vata. This can be regarded as Mamsa-Snayugata Sarvanga Vata. It is said that Prakruta Vata dosha is the life, it is the strength, it is the sustainer of the body, it holds the body and life together. If it is Vikruta it produces Sankocha, Khanja, Kubjatva, Pangutva, Khalli and Soshana of Anga. So, in this disease aggravated Vata does the vitiation of Mamsa and Snayu thus leading to Soshana of both, resulting in Stambha, Nischalikarana of Avayava. A 21years female patient was admitted to our I.P.D with c/o of reduced strength in all four limbs leading to the inability to walk and to maintain erect posture during standing and sitting positions. Based on Ayurvedic principles the patient was initially subjected to Avaranahara Chikitsa followed by Brimhana line of management. Keywords: Mamsagata vata, Snayugata vata, Sarvanga vata, Spinal muscular atrophy (SMA)


2019 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
pp. 21 ◽  
Author(s):  
Annuska Strunk ◽  
Andre Abbes ◽  
Antoine Stuitje ◽  
Chris Hettinga ◽  
Eline Sepers ◽  
...  

Spinal muscular atrophy (SMA) is one of the leading genetic causes of infant mortality with an incidence of 1:10,000. The recently-introduced antisense oligonucleotide treatment improves the outcome of this disease, in particular when applied at an early stage of progression. The genetic cause of SMA is, in >95% of cases, a homozygous deletion of the survival motor neuron 1 (SMN1) gene, which makes the low-cost detection of SMA cases as part of newborn screening programs feasible. We developed and validated a new SALSA MC002 melting curve assay that detects the absence of the SMN1 exon 7 DNA sequence without detecting asymptomatic carriers and reliably discriminates SMN1 from its genetic homolog SMN2 using crude extracts from newborn screening cards. Melting curve analysis shows peaks specific for both the SMN1 gene and the disease modifying SMN2 homolog. The detection of the SMN2 homolog, of which the only clinically relevant difference from the SMN1 gene is a single nucleotide in exon 7, was only used to confirm a correct reaction in samples that lacked the SMN1 gene, and not for SMN2 quantification. We retrieved 47 DBS samples from children with genetically-confirmed SMA, after informed consent from parents, and 375 controls from the national archive of the Dutch National Institute for Public Health and the Environment (RIVM). The assay correctly identified all anonymized and randomized SMA and control samples (i.e., sensitivity and specificity of 100%), without the detection of carriers, on the three most commonly-used PCR platforms with melting curve analysis. This test’s concordance with the second-tier ‘golden standard’ P021 SMA MLPA test was 100%. Using the new P021–B1 version, crude extracts from DBS cards could also be used to determine the SMN2 copy number of SMA patients with a high level of accuracy. The MC002 test showed the feasibility and accuracy of SMA screening in a neonatal screening program.


1997 ◽  
Vol 12 (Suppl_2) ◽  
pp. 70-70
Author(s):  
J.C.F.M. Dreesen ◽  
M. Bras ◽  
H.J.M. Smeets ◽  
J.M. Cobben ◽  
C. de Die-Smulders ◽  
...  

2003 ◽  
Vol 23 (8) ◽  
pp. 685-689 ◽  
Author(s):  
C�line Moutou ◽  
Nathalie Gardes ◽  
St�phane Viville

2015 ◽  
Vol 51 (9) ◽  
pp. 925-931
Author(s):  
V. V. Zabnenkova ◽  
E. L. Dadali ◽  
S. B. Artemieva ◽  
I. V. Sharkova ◽  
G. E. Rudenskaya ◽  
...  

Neurology ◽  
1999 ◽  
Vol 53 (5) ◽  
pp. 1087-1087 ◽  
Author(s):  
L. Fallon ◽  
G. L. Harton ◽  
M. E. Sisson ◽  
E. Rodriguez ◽  
L. K. Field ◽  
...  

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