scholarly journals Psychophysical Exams as Early Indicators of Diabetic Retinopathy

2014 ◽  
Vol 10 (01) ◽  
pp. 30
Author(s):  
Nicola Pescosolido ◽  
Giuseppe Buomprisco ◽  
◽  
Keyword(s):  
Diabetic Retinopathy ◽  
Macular Edema ◽  
Contrast Sensitivity ◽  
Developed Countries ◽  
Macular Function ◽  
Patients With Diabetes ◽  
Diagnostic Role ◽  
Working Age ◽  
Fixation Stability ◽  
Clinically Significant

Retinopathy is a serious and common complication of diabetes that represents the leading cause of blindness, among people of working age, in developed countries. It is estimated that the number of people with diabetic retinopathy (DR) will increase from 126.6 million in 2011 to 191 million by 2030. The visual function that seems to be affected first in the course of DR is probably the contrast sensitivity; in addition, being mainly a macular function, the perception of color is also compromised. Moreover, the duration of the disease, the levels of glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c) and the presence of cystoid macular edema are strongly associated with the impairment of fixation stability in patients with diabetes with clinically significant macular edema, suggesting the possible diagnostic role of microperimetry. The test of contrast sensitivity and the microperimetry and the chromatic sensitivity tests have proved to be useful, safe, reproducible, and inexpensive tools to diagnose the

scholarly journals Psychophysical Exams as Early Indicators of Diabetic Retinopathy

2013 ◽  
Vol 07 (02) ◽  
pp. 93
Author(s):  
Nicola Pescosolido ◽  
Giuseppe Buomprisco ◽  
◽  
Keyword(s):  
Diabetic Retinopathy ◽  
Contrast Sensitivity ◽  
Macular Oedema ◽  
Developed Countries ◽  
Glycated Haemoglobin ◽  
Cystoid Macular Oedema ◽  
Macular Function ◽  
Patients With Diabetes ◽  
Diagnostic Role ◽  
Working Age

Retinopathy is a serious and common complication of diabetes that represents the leading cause of blindness, among people of working age, in developed countries. It is estimated that the number of people with diabetic retinopathy (DR) will increase from 126.6 million in 2011 to 191 million by 2030. The visual function that seems to be affected first in the course of DR is probably the contrast sensitivity; in addition, being mainly a macular function, the perception of colour is also compromised. Moreover, the duration of the disease, the levels of glycated haemoglobin (HbA1c) and the presence of cystoid macular oedema are strongly associated with the impairment of fixation stability in patients with diabetes with clinically significant macular oedema, suggesting the possible diagnostic role of microperimetry. The test of contrast sensitivity and the microperimetry and the chromatic sensitivity tests have proved to be useful, safe, reproducible and inexpensive tools to diagnose the disease early.

scholarly journals Psychophysical Exams as Early Indicators of Diabetic Retinopathy

2010 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 61
Author(s):  
Nicola Pescosolido ◽  
Giuseppe Buomprisco ◽  
◽  
Keyword(s):  
Diabetic Retinopathy ◽  
Contrast Sensitivity ◽  
Macular Oedema ◽  
Developed Countries ◽  
Glycated Haemoglobin ◽  
Cystoid Macular Oedema ◽  
Macular Function ◽  
Patients With Diabetes ◽  
Diagnostic Role ◽  
Working Age

Retinopathy is a serious and common complication of diabetes that represents the leading cause of blindness, among people of working age, in developed countries. It is estimated that the number of people with diabetic retinopathy (DR) will increase from 126.6 million in 2011 to 191 million by 2030. The visual function that seems to be affected first in the course of DR is probably the contrast sensitivity; in addition, being mainly a macular function, the perception of colour is also compromised. Moreover, the duration of the disease, the levels of glycated haemoglobin (HbA1c) and the presence of cystoid macular oedema are strongly associated with the impairment of fixation stability in patients with diabetes with clinically significant macular oedema, suggesting the possible diagnostic role of microperimetry. The test of contrast sensitivity and the microperimetry and the chromatic sensitivity tests have proved to be useful, safe, reproducible and inexpensive tools to diagnose the disease early.

Diabetic Retinopathy—Update on Prevention Techniques, Present Therapies, and New Leads

2014 ◽  
Vol 10 (01) ◽  
pp. 25
Author(s):  
Lauren M Marozas ◽  
Patrice E Fort ◽  
◽  
Keyword(s):  
Diabetic Retinopathy ◽  
Vision Loss ◽  
Developed Countries ◽  
Detection Methods ◽  
Retinal Microvasculature ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Patients With Diabetes ◽  
Combined Control ◽  
Working Age ◽  
Proactive Measures

Diabetic retinopathy is the major ocular complication associated with diabetes, and represents the leading cause of legal blindness in the working-age population of developed countries. Although classically diagnosed based on abnormalities of the retinal microvasculature, diabetic retinopathy is now widely recognized as a neurovascular disease. While all patients with diabetes are at increased risk for eye disease including diabetic retinopathy, proactive measures, and timely intervention can prevent or delay subsequent vision loss. Systemic management of diabetes by combined control of glycemia, blood pressure, and serum lipid levels remains the most important method of preventing diabetic retinopathy onset and progression. Once detected, surgical and medical interventions including photocoagulation, vitrectomy, and intravitral drug injection can help preserve vision. However, the need for improved detection methods and therapies that will allow earlier diagnosis and treatment remains apparent. This review summarizes current techniques for the prevention and intervention for diabetic retinopathy, and examines ongoing developments in the search for new endpoints and therapies as they apply to preventing vision loss associated with diabetes.

scholarly journals Diabetic Retinopathy—Update on Prevention Techniques, Present Therapies, and New Leads

2014 ◽  
Vol 07 (01) ◽  
pp. 54 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lauren M Marozas ◽  
Patrice E Fort ◽  
◽  
Keyword(s):  
Diabetic Retinopathy ◽  
Vision Loss ◽  
Developed Countries ◽  
Detection Methods ◽  
Retinal Microvasculature ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Patients With Diabetes ◽  
Combined Control ◽  
Working Age ◽  
Proactive Measures

Diabetic retinopathy is the major ocular complication associated with diabetes, and represents the leading cause of legal blindness in the working-age population of developed countries. Although classically diagnosed based on abnormalities of the retinal microvasculature, diabetic retinopathy is now widely recognized as a neurovascular disease. While all patients with diabetes are at increased risk for eye disease including diabetic retinopathy, proactive measures, and timely intervention can prevent or delay subsequent vision loss. Systemic management of diabetes by combined control of glycemia, blood pressure, and serum lipid levels remains the most important method of preventing diabetic retinopathy onset and progression. Once detected, surgical and medical interventions including photocoagulation, vitrectomy, and intravitral drug injection can help preserve vision. However, the need for improved detection methods and therapies that will allow earlier diagnosis and treatment remains apparent. This review summarizes current techniques for the prevention and intervention for diabetic retinopathy, and examines ongoing developments in the search for new endpoints and therapies as they apply to preventing vision loss associated with diabetes.

Aflibercept for the Treatment of Diabetic Retinopathy and Diabetic Macular Edema

2018 ◽  
pp. 147-154
Keyword(s):  
Diabetic Retinopathy ◽  
Growth Factor ◽  
Macular Edema ◽  
Diabetic Macular Edema ◽  
Vision Loss ◽  
Developed Countries ◽  
Inhibitory Effect ◽  
Duration Of Action ◽  
Anti Vegf ◽  
Working Age

Diabetic macular edema (DME) is a common complication of diabetic retinopathy (DR) and is a leading cause of vision loss in developed countries during the working age. Understanding the role of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) in the pathogenesis of DME has emphasized the importance of using anti-VEGF agents in treatment. Anti-VEGF drugs such as pegaptanib, ranibizumab, bevacizumab, and aflibercept have been studied in the treatment of DME. Aflibercept is a recombinant fusion protein with an inhibitory effect on VEGF-A, VEGF-B, placental growth factor (PIGF) 1 and 2. It is believed that this agent has a longer duration of action than other anti-VEGF molecules due to its high-affinity binding to the VEGF molecule. This review summarizes the pharmacological properties of aflibercept in terms of clinical efficacy, use, and tolerability in the treatment of DME.

scholarly journals The prevalence of diabetic retinopathy, risk factors, visual impairment and ocular status among patients with diabetes mellitus presenting to Berhan Aini National Referral Hospital, Eritrea: A hospital based study

2017 ◽  
Vol 6 (4) ◽  
pp. 37-46
Author(s):  
P Bastola ◽  
F Kahsay ◽  
S Zewengiel ◽  
M M Muguleta
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Risk Factors ◽  
Diabetic Retinopathy ◽  
Visual Impairment ◽  
Glycosylated Hemoglobin ◽  
Referral Hospital ◽  
Patients With Diabetes ◽  
Working Age ◽  
Clinically Significant ◽  
National Referral Hospital

Diabetic Retinopathy (DR) is the most common ocular complication in the diabetic population and the leading cause of blindness amongst working age group. There is a paucity of data about DR and various factors in Eritrea. The study aimed to find the prevalence of diabetic retinopathy, risk factors, visual impairment and ocular status among patients with diabetes mellitus in Asmara, Eritrea. This was a hospital based, Mixed method, descriptive study, all the consecutive patients attending the retina clinic of the hospital were enrolled in the study from January, 2014 to October, 2016. Early Treatment Diabetic Retinopathy Study (ETDRS) and Modified Airlie House classification were followed to evaluate the various stages of diabetic retinopathy and clinically significant macular edema (CSME). The guidelines developed by International Council of Ophthalmology (ICO) were followed to determine the need for interventions. Of the 506 diabetic subjects attending Berhan Aini National Referral Hospital; 435 (86.0%) subjects had type 2 Diabetes Mellitus (DM). 425 (84.0%) subjects had diabetic retinopathy. Moderate visual impairment, severe visual impairment and blindness due to diabetic retinopathy was observed in 139 (27.1%), 57 (11.1%), 76 (15%) subjects respectively while 234 subjects (46.2%) had normal vision. Hypertension 309 (61%) was the most common risk factor followed by duration of diabetes, occupation and the level of glycosylated Hemoglobin. 481 (95%) of the literate subjects were aware about diabetic retinopathy (P=<0.01). 277 (54.7%) subjects needed prompt treatment. There is a high prevalence of DR in patients attending Berhan Aini National Referral Hospital (BANRH). Awareness about diabetic retinopathy was good still the knowledge about primary prevention was not good enough.

scholarly journals Diabetic retinopathy with or without clinically significant macular edema: The influencing factors

2016 ◽  
Vol 7 (2) ◽  
pp. 142-147
Author(s):  
Barsha Suwal ◽  
Jeevan Kumar Shrestha ◽  
Sagun Narayan Joshi ◽  
Ananda Kumar Sharma
Keyword(s):  
Diabetic Retinopathy ◽  
Glycemic Control ◽  
Macular Edema ◽  
Total Cholesterol ◽  
Cholesterol Level ◽  
Total Cholesterol Level ◽  
Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Diabetic Patients ◽  
Clinically Significant Macular Edema ◽  
Clinically Significant

Introduction: Diabetic retinopathy is the commonest micro vascular complication in patients with diabetes and remains a leading cause of blindness in people of working age group. Objective: to determine the prevalence of clinically significant macular edema (CSME) and the influence of systemic risk factors Materials and methods: It is a hospital based comparative study conducted in 220 eyes of 110 diabetic patients. DR was graded according to International Clinical Diabetic Retinopathy Severity Scale and CSME was defined according to Early Treatment Diabetic Retinopathy Study (ETDRS) system. The patients were grouped as 1) CSME group (DR and CSME in one or both eyes) and 2) Non- CSME group(CSME in none of the eyes but with any grade of DR).Level of glycosylated hemoglobin (HbA1C), serum total cholesterol, triglyceride (TG), low density lipoprotein (LDL), high density lipoprotein (HDL) and urine for albumin were studied in both groups. Results: CSME was present in 36% of 110 patients. Poor glycemic control and high total cholesterol level showed positive association with CSME (p<0.05). LDL and TG levels were higher and HDL lower in CSME group. However, no statistical significance was found. Conclusion: The CSME is significantly associated with poorer glycemic control and elevated total cholesterol level.

scholarly journals Management of Diabetic Retinopathy

2021 ◽  
pp. 95-103
Author(s):  
Marieta Dumitrache ◽  
Rodica Lascu
Keyword(s):  
Diabetic Retinopathy ◽  
Macular Edema ◽  
Effective Treatment ◽  
Prophylactic Treatment ◽  
Vision Loss ◽  
Vitreous Hemorrhage ◽  
Tractional Retinal Detachment ◽  
Clinically Significant Macular Edema ◽  
Clinically Significant ◽  
Photocoagulation Laser

Management in D.R. through prophylactic treatment (maintaining a glycemic level as close as possible to normal, control hypertension <150/85 mmHg, hyperlipidemia) and curative treatment of D.R. does not cure the disease, but may slow the evolution of D.M. and D.R. AntiVEGF agents are indicated as adjuvant therapy in pan-photocoagulation laser and / or vitrectomy in patients with DR to block angiogenesis by inhibiting VEGF. All antiVEGF agents are an effective treatment for the clinically significant macular edema. Photocoagulation laser is a treatment of choice in preproliferative and proliferative DR and an effective treatment of diabetic macular edema. The indications for laser treatment in diabetic retinopathy are related to the incidence, evolution of neovessels, duration of diabetes, HbA1c level, presence of macular edema, stage of DR. The laser for macular lesions reduces the risk of vision loss in the eyes with incipient and moderate non-proliferative DR and macular edema concomitant; the laser should be applied to all patients with clinically significant macular edema. Vitrectomy in proliferative DR is indicated in vitreous hemorrhage, tractional retinal detachment in order to remove the vitreous hermorrhage and excision of tractional preretinal membranes.

scholarly journals Current multimodal diagnostic tools for diabetic macular edema to select a management strategy

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (4) ◽  
pp. 210-214
Author(s):  
M.V. Pshenichnov ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Macular Edema ◽  
Diabetic Macular Edema ◽  
Management Strategy ◽  
Low Vision ◽  
Management Strategies ◽  
Developed Countries ◽  
Diagnostic Tools ◽  
Published Data ◽  
Working Age ◽  
Diagnostic Approaches

Diabetes is a severe chronic disease that significantly affects the quality of life of individuals, their families, and society worldwide. Diabetic retinopathy, particularly diabetic macular edema (DME), is the leading cause of blindness and low vision among adults of working age in developed countries and Russia. A recent multimodal approach to diagnose DME resulted in new classifications of this disorder and slightly modified earlier views. The analysis of DME biomarkers allows for selecting management strategies for each patient, prescribing adequate medical treatment, and predicting potential treatment response. This paper aimed to analyze published data and up-to-date diagnostic approaches to DME. These tools provide a correct therapeutic strategy based on the DME pattern. Keywords: diabetic macular edema, optical coherence tomography, anti-VEGF treatment. For citation: Pshenichnov M.V. Current multimodal diagnostic tools for diabetic macular edema to select a management strategy. Russian Journal of Clinical Ophthalmology. 2021;21(4):210–214 (in Russ.). DOI: 10.32364/2311-7729-2021-21-4-210-214.

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