scholarly journals Performance of osteoporosis self-assessment tool in detecting low bone mineral density in menopausal women

2017 ◽  
Vol 36 (2) ◽  
pp. 123 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ignatio Rika Haryono ◽  
Nawanto Agung Prastowo
Keyword(s):  
Bone Mineral Density ◽  
High Risk ◽  
Diagnostic Performance ◽  
Assessment Tool ◽  
Mineral Density ◽  
Self Assessment ◽  
Total Hip ◽  
T Score ◽  
Menopausal Women ◽  
Hip Bmd

<p>Background<br />The osteoporosis self-assessment tool (OST) is a simple screening tool to assess risk of osteoporosis and to select high risk women for dual-energy x-ray absorptiometry (DXA) examination. This study aimed to evaluate OST performance in detecting low bone mineral density (BMD) in menopausal women.</p><p>Methods<br />A cross-sectional study involving 60 menopausal women aged 50-65 years. The OST score was calculated from: [weight (kg) – age (yr)] x 0.2. Subjects were classified by OST score into low risk (OST ³2) and high risk (OST&lt; 2) groups. BMD was determined by DXA at 3 bone locations (L1-L4, femoral neck, and total hip). DXA T-scores were categorized into: normal BMD (T-score &gt;-1) and low BMD (T-score £-1). Independent t-test was used to compare subject characteristics between OST groups. Diagnostic performance of OST was evaluated by measuring sensitivity, specificity, positive &amp; negative predictive value (PPV, NPV), positive &amp; negative likelihood ratio (PLR, NLR) and receiver-operating characteristic (ROC). Significance was set at p&lt;0.05.</p><p>Results<br />Subject characteristics and BMD between groups were significantly different (p&lt;0.05). Most subjects (44/73.3%) had high risk of low BMD (OST &lt; 2). Low BMD (T score £-1) was found in 43 subjects (71.7%) at L1-L4, 41 subjects (68.3%) at femoral neck, and 37 subjects (61.7%) at total hip. Diagnostic performance of OST was significant at total hip BMD (sensitivity=0.946, AUC=0.777).</p><p>Conclusion <br />We conclude that use of the OST score in menopausal women is effective and has adequate sensitivity and specificity. The highest diagnostic performance of OST is on total hip BMD.</p>

scholarly journals Effect of once-daily fluticasone furoate/vilanterol versus vilanterol alone on bone mineral density in patients with COPD: a randomized, controlled trial

2020 ◽  
Vol 14 ◽  
pp. 175346662096514
Author(s):  
Francois Maltais ◽  
Isabelle Schenkenberger ◽  
Pascal L. M. L. Wielders ◽  
Juan Ortiz de Saracho ◽  
Kenneth Chinsky ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Bone Mineral Density ◽  
Lumbar Spine ◽  
Bone Mineral ◽  
Smoking History ◽  
Mineral Density ◽  
Fluticasone Furoate ◽  
Treatment Difference ◽  
Total Hip ◽  
Copd Exacerbations ◽  
Hip Bmd

Background: The relationship between inhaled corticosteroids and bone mineral density (BMD) remains uncertain despite extensive research. Methods: This was an international, multicenter, randomized, double-blind, parallel-group, 3-year noninferiority study. Patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) (⩾40 years of age; smoking history ⩾10 pack years) and at least one native hip evaluable for BMD were enrolled and randomized 1:1, stratified by sex, to treatment with vilanterol (VI) 25 µg or fluticasone furoate/vilanterol (FF/VI) 100 µg/25 µg. BMD measurements were taken via dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry every 6 months. The primary endpoint was assessment of the noninferiority of change from baseline in total hip BMD per year at the −1% noninferiority level. Change from baseline in BMD at the lumbar spine and BMD measurements by sex were secondary endpoints. Incidences of COPD exacerbations and bone fractures throughout the study were also recorded. Results: Of 283 randomized patients, 170 (60%) completed the study. Noninferiority was demonstrated for FF/VI versus VI with regards to change from baseline in total hip BMD per year, with changes of −0.27% and 0.18%, respectively, and a treatment difference of −0.46% per year [95% confidence interval (CI) −0.97 to 0.06]. The treatment difference for FF/VI versus VI regarding lumbar spine BMD was −0.51% per year (95% CI −1.11 to 0.10). COPD exacerbations and bone fracture rates were similar between treatment groups. Conclusion: FF/VI showed noninferiority to VI for change from baseline in total hip BMD per year, when assessed at the −1% noninferiority margin in a combined sample of men and women with COPD. The reviews of this paper are available via the supplemental material section.

scholarly journals Hand bone mineral density is associated with both total hip and lumbar spine bone mineral density in post-menopausal women with RA

Rheumatology ◽  
2009 ◽  
Vol 49 (3) ◽  
pp. 513-519 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. P. Desai ◽  
E. M. Gravallese ◽  
N. A. Shadick ◽  
R. Glass ◽  
J. Cui ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Bone Mineral Density ◽  
Lumbar Spine ◽  
Bone Mineral ◽  
Spine Bone Mineral Density ◽  
Mineral Density ◽  
Total Hip ◽  
Menopausal Women ◽  
Post Menopausal

scholarly journals A Model of BMD Changes After Alendronate Discontinuation to Guide Postalendronate BMD Monitoring

2014 ◽  
Vol 99 (11) ◽  
pp. 4094-4100 ◽  
Author(s):  
Brian McNabb ◽  
Eric Vittinghoff ◽  
Richard Eastell ◽  
Ann V. Schwartz ◽  
Douglas C. Bauer ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Multicenter Clinical Trial ◽  
Intervention Trial ◽  
Mineral Density ◽  
Management Change ◽  
Total Hip ◽  
T Score ◽  
Hip Bmd ◽  
The Given

Context: Women stopping alendronate are commonly monitored with serial bone mineral density (BMD) measurements, yet no information exists on how frequently or for whom these measurements should be performed. Objective: The objective of the study was to develop a tool to guide post-alendronate BMD monitoring. Design: A predictive model was constructed to estimate the time until a given percentage of women's BMD T-scores drop below a given threshold that indicates a management change (such as retreatment) would be considered. This model was then used to estimate the time it would take for groups of women defined by their baseline BMDs to drop below the given threshold. Setting: Data were derived from the Fracture Intervention Trial Long Term Extension (FLEX), the largest multicenter clinical trial of its type to date. Participants: Four hundred four women who had received an average of 5.1 years of alendronate during the Fracture Intervention Trial and were subsequently observed for 5 treatment-free years (on placebo) during the FLEX trial were used to estimate the change in BMD over time. Results: If a management change such as alendronate reinitiation would be considered when BMD T-score drops below −2.5, the model shows that women with total hip BMD greater than −1.9 T-scores at the time of alendronate discontinuation have less than a 20% probability that at follow-up, monitoring BMD will be below the threshold within 5 years. The model performed similarly, and results are provided over a range of management change thresholds from −1.75 to −3 T-scores. Conclusions: Using the tool developed in this analysis, it is possible to estimate when BMD repeat measurement after alendronate discontinuation could potentially be useful. Measuring BMD within 5 years after alendronate discontinuation is unlikely to change management for women with total hip BMD 0.6 T-scores above a prespecified retreatment threshold within the range of −1.75 to −3 T-scores.

scholarly journals Reduction in femoral neck and total hip bone mineral density following hospitalisation for diabetes-related foot ulceration

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Marcel M. Nejatian ◽  
Salar Sobhi ◽  
Blake N. Sanchez ◽  
Kathryn Linn ◽  
Laurens Manning ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Bone Mineral Density ◽  
Lumbar Spine ◽  
Femoral Neck ◽  
Bone Mineral ◽  
Fat Mass ◽  
Mineral Density ◽  
Contralateral Limb ◽  
Foot Ulceration ◽  
Total Hip ◽  
Hip Bmd

AbstractManagement of diabetes-related foot ulceration (DFU) includes pressure offloading resulting in a period of reduced activity. The metabolic effects of this are unknown. This study aims to investigate changes in bone mineral density (BMD) and body composition 12 weeks after hospitalisation for DFU. A longitudinal, prospective, observational study of 22 people hospitalised for DFU was conducted. Total body, lumbar spine, hip and forearm BMD, and total lean and fat mass were measured by dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA) during and 12 weeks after hospitalisation for DFU. Significant losses in total hip BMD of the ipsilateral limb (− 1.7%, p < 0.001), total hip BMD of the contralateral limb (− 1.4%, p = 0.005), femoral neck BMD of the ipsilateral limb (− 2.8%, p < 0.001) and femoral neck BMD of the contralateral limb (− 2.2%, p = 0.008) were observed after 12 weeks. Lumbar spine and forearm BMD were unchanged. HbA1c improved from 75 mmol/mol (9.2%) to 64 mmol/mol (8.0%) (p = 0.002). No significant changes to lean and fat mass were demonstrated. Total hip and femoral neck BMD decreased bilaterally 12 weeks after hospitalisation for DFU. Future research is required to confirm the persistence and clinical implications of these losses.

scholarly journals Bone mineral density and hip structural analysis in type 1 diabetic men

2007 ◽  
Vol 156 (1) ◽  
pp. 123-127 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tomasz Miazgowski ◽  
Slawomir Pynka ◽  
Marzena Noworyta-Ziętara ◽  
Barbara Krzyzanowska-Świniarska ◽  
Robert Pikul
Keyword(s):  
Bone Mineral Density ◽  
Lumbar Spine ◽  
Metabolic Control ◽  
Bone Mineral ◽  
Microvascular Complications ◽  
Mineral Density ◽  
Hip Strength ◽  
Total Hip ◽  
Hip Bmd

Objective: The risk of non-vertebral fractures is increased in men with type 1 diabetes (DM1) but studies have shown only moderately decreased or normal bone mineral density (BMD) in these patients. No previous studies have evaluated hip strength and geometry indices in DM1 patients. This study was therefore designed to characterize associations between BMD, dual X-ray absorptiometry (DXA)-based hip strength indices, metabolic control, and DM1chronic complications. Design and methods: The study was performed on 36 males aged 43.6 ± 5.1 years with long-lasting DM1 and 36 healthy males matched for age, weight, and height. BMD in lumbar spine, total hip, upper and lower part of the femoral neck, hip axis length, cross-sectional area and moment of inertia (CSMI), and glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c) were measured. Results: DM1 men had decreased spine BMD (P < 0.05) and normal total hip BMD in comparison with controls. Hip geometry and strength indices were comparable in both groups. However, M1 men had decreased CSMI and upper femur BMD but these differences did not reach statistical significance (P = 0.06). BMD changes and hip strength parameters did not correlate with HbA1c. Conclusions: Middle-aged DM1 men have decreased lumbar spine BMD, normal hip BMD and normal hip strength indices. These changes are not influenced by metabolic control and presence of chronic microvascular complications.

scholarly journals Relation between homocysteine and biochemical bone turnover markers and bone mineral density in peri- and post-menopausal women

2005 ◽  
Vol 43 (10) ◽  
Author(s):  
Markus Herrmann ◽  
Marius Kraenzlin ◽  
Gerhard Pape ◽  
Marga Sand-Hill ◽  
Wolfgang Herrmann
Keyword(s):  
Bone Mineral Density ◽  
Bone Resorption ◽  
Bone Metabolism ◽  
Bone Mineral ◽  
Venous Blood ◽  
Osteoporotic Fractures ◽  
Mineral Density ◽  
Menopausal Women ◽  
Hip Bmd ◽  
Post Menopausal

AbstractBackground: Recently, increased plasma homocysteine (Hcy) has been suggested as an independent risk factor for osteoporotic fractures. Therefore, it is tempting to speculate that Hcy adversely affects bone metabolism. This study aimed to analyze the relation between Hcy and biochemical markers of bone metabolism and bone mineral density (BMD). Materials and methods: We investigated 143 peri- and post-menopausal women [median age (25th–75th percentile), 67 (57–75) years]. All subjects underwent a detailed medical examination, measurement of bone mineral density at lumbar spine (BMD-LS) and total hip (BMD-HIP), and fasting venous blood and urine sampling. Osteocalcin (OC), serum calcium (Ca), urinary desoxypyridinoline cross-links (DPD), osteoprotegerin (OPG) and soluble receptor activator of NF-κB ligand (sRANKL) were studied. Results: According to BMD subjects were classified as normal (n=24), osteopenic (n=51) or osteoporotic (n=68). Median Hcy did not differ between normal, osteopenic and osteoporotic subjects (p=0.647). Partial correlation analysis, controlling for the major confounders, age, creatinine, menopause and previous fractures, revealed significant correlations between Hcy and DPD (r=0.193, p=0.022), as well as between Hcy and Ca (r=0.170, p=0.045). After adjustment for the same confounders, subsequent regression analysis confirmed significant associations of Hcy with DPD and Ca. No significant relations could be observed between Hcy and BMD-LS, BMD-HIP, OC, OPG or sRANKL. Conclusion: Our results demonstrate weak, but significant, relations between Hcy and markers of organic and inorganic bone resorption, suggesting a mechanistic role of Hcy in bone metabolism. The relation between Hcy and bone resorption was not dependent on OPG or sRANKL.

scholarly journals Negative Association Between Serum Perfluorooctane Sulfate Concentration and Bone Mineral Density in US Premenopausal Women: NHANES, 2005–2008

2014 ◽  
Vol 99 (6) ◽  
pp. 2173-2180 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lian-Yu Lin ◽  
Li-Li Wen ◽  
Ta-Chen Su ◽  
Pau-Chung Chen ◽  
Chien-Yu Lin
Keyword(s):  
Bone Mineral Density ◽  
Lumbar Spine ◽  
Bone Mineral ◽  
Biological Significance ◽  
Chemical Exposure ◽  
Mineral Density ◽  
Pfos Concentration ◽  
Total Hip ◽  
Hip Bmd ◽  
The Relationship

Context: Perfluorooctanoic acid (PFOA) and perfluorooctane sulfate (PFOS) are used in a variety of products worldwide. However, the relationship among serum PFOA, PFOS concentration, bone mineral density (BMD), and the risk of fractures has never been addressed. Objectives: The study examined the association among serum PFOA, PFOS concentration, and lumbar spine and total hip BMD in the general US population. Design and Participants: We analyzed data on 2339 adults (aged ≧20 y) from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey conducted in 2005–2006 and 2007–2008 to determine the relationship among serum PFOA, PFOS concentration, and total lumbar spine and total hip BMD measured by dual-energy x-ray absorptiometry and history of fractures cross-sectionally. Results: After weighting for sampling strategy, a 1-U increase in the natural log-transformed serum PFOS level was associated with a decrease in total lumbar spine BMD by 0.022 g/cm2 (95% confidence interval −0.038, −0.007; P = .006) in women not in menopause. There was no association among PFOA, PFOS concentration, and self-reported fracture in adults. Conclusion: Serum PFOS concentration is associated with decreased total lumbar spine BMD in women not in menopause. However, the potential biological significance of this effect is marginal and subclinical in the general US population. Further studies are warranted to clarify the causal relationship between perfluorinated chemical exposure and BMD.

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