Role of transversus abdominis muscle in spinal stability

2016 ◽  
Vol 4 (8) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ranjit Mal
Keyword(s):  
Transversus Abdominis ◽  
Spinal Stability ◽  
Transversus Abdominis Muscle

scholarly journals Physical Therapy and Maternity Support Garment: Influence on Core Stability and Low Back Pain during Pregnancy and after Delivery

2018 ◽  
Vol 3 (86) ◽  
Author(s):  
Pavelas Zachovajevas ◽  
Brigita Zachovajevienė ◽  
Jūratė Banionytė ◽  
Arvydas Siaurodinas
Keyword(s):  
Low Back Pain ◽  
Back Pain ◽  
Physical Therapy ◽  
Muscle Activation ◽  
Core Stability ◽  
Transversus Abdominis ◽  
Spinal Stability ◽  
Low Back ◽  
Diastasis Recti ◽  
Transversus Abdominis Muscle

Research background and hypothesis. Transversus abdominis muscle experiences extraordinary overstretching during gestation period and thus the ability of this muscle to stabilize spine decreases. These changes can cause chronic low back pain during pregnancy and after delivery. In order to solve this problem it is essential to apply proper and effective treatment methods. Hypothesis: physical therapy exercises are more effective than maternity support garment in low back pain treatment and core stability during pregnancy and after delivery.Research aim was to evaluate the influence of physical therapy and maternity support garment on spinal stability and low back pain during pregnancy and after delivery.Research methods. Study sample comprised 40 pregnant women. The assessments were made twice: at 28–35 weeks of gestation and 8–9 weeks after delivery. The low back pain was evaluated using SAS, core stability and transversus abdominis muscle activation were objectively tested using special device stabilizer and the presence of diastasis recti was tested as well. Research results. Physiotherapy is 42.4% more effective than maternity support garment in low back pain control during pregnancy and after delivery (p < 0.05). The best results of transversus abdominis muscle activation were observed in physiotherapy group with maternity support garment whereas participants without physiotherapy could not properly activate this muscle. The diastasis recti after delivery occurred only in control group, and in the group with maternity support garment it occurred 36.7% less frequently than in the group where women did not use this garment.Discussion and conclusions. 1. Perceived low back pain after delivery was less expressed in women wearing maternity support garment both among women attending and not attending physiotherapy exercises. Nevertheless, physical therapy was more effective in reducing low back pain than maternity support garment during pregnancy and after delivery. 2. Core stability after delivery improved among women attending physical therapy exercises, but in case of maternity support garment it improved better. In contrast, in case of not attending physiotherapy the spinal stability after delivery improved only for women wearing maternity support garment. 3. Core stability during pregnancy and after delivery was better among women attending physical therapy but not wearing maternity support garment compared to women not attending physical therapy but wearing maternity support garment. 4. Physical therapy and maternity support garment improves core stability during pregnancy and has a positive effect on activity of rectus abdominis muscles following delivery.Keywords: obstetrics, transversus abdominis muscle, exercises.

Pelvic aspiration in the American alligator (Alligator mississippiensis)

2000 ◽  
Vol 203 (11) ◽  
pp. 1679-1687 ◽  
Author(s):  
C.G. Farmer ◽  
D.R. Carrier
Keyword(s):  
Electrical Activity ◽  
Lung Ventilation ◽  
Rectus Abdominis ◽  
Transversus Abdominis ◽  
Alligator Mississippiensis ◽  
Abdominal Pressure ◽  
American Alligator ◽  
Diaphragmatic Breathing ◽  
Pelvic Muscles

The pelvis of crocodilians is highly derived in that the pubic bones are isolated from the acetabulum and are attached to the ischia via moveable joints. We examined the possible role of this unusual morphology in lung ventilation by measuring ventilation, abdominal pressure and the electrical activity of several abdominal and pelvic muscles in the American alligator (Alligator mississippiensis). We found that the activity of two pelvic muscles, the ischiopubis and ischiotruncus muscles, was correlated with inspiration; these muscles rotate the pubes ventrally and thereby increase abdominal volume. During expiration, contraction of the rectus abdominis and transversus abdominis rotates the pubes dorsally. We suggest that this mechanism facilitates diaphragmatic breathing by creating space for caudal displacement of the viscera during inspiration. Because birds also use a dorso-ventral movement of the pelvis to effect ventilation, some form of pelvic aspiration may be plesiomorphic for archosaurs.

Role of triangularis sterni during coughing and sneezing in dogs

1988 ◽  
Vol 65 (6) ◽  
pp. 2440-2445 ◽  
Author(s):  
E. van Lunteren ◽  
M. A. Haxhiu ◽  
N. S. Cherniack ◽  
J. S. Arnold
Keyword(s):  
Nasal Mucosa ◽  
Respiratory Activity ◽  
Transversus Abdominis ◽  
Mechanical Stimuli ◽  
Rib Cage ◽  
Anesthetized Dogs

Studies in mammals have found that during breathing the triangularis sterni (TS) muscle regulates expiratory airflow and the end-expiratory position of the rib cage and furthermore that the respiratory activity of this muscle is influenced by a variety of chemical and mechanical stimuli. To assess the role of the TS during coughing and sneezing, electromyograms (EMGs) recorded from the TS were compared with EMGs of the transversus abdominis (TA) in eight pentobarbital-anesthetized dogs. During coughing induced by mechanically stimulating the trachea or larynx (n = 7 dogs), peak EMGs increased from 23 +/- 2 to 74 +/- 5 U (P less than 0.00002) for the TS and from 21 +/- 6 to 66 +/- 4 U (P less than 0.0002) for the TA. During sneezing induced by mechanically stimulating the nasal mucosa (n = 3 dogs), peak EMG of the TS increased from 10 +/- 3 to 66 +/- 7 U (P less than 0.005) and peak EMG of the TA increased from 10 +/- 2 to 73 +/- 7 U (P less than 0.02). For both muscles the shape of the EMG changed to an early peaking form during coughs and sneezes. Peak expiratory airflow during coughs of different intensity correlated more closely with peak TS EMG in three dogs and with peak TA EMG in four dogs; peak expiratory airflow during sneezes of different intensity correlated more closely with peak TS than TA EMG in all three animals. These results suggest that the TS is actively recruited during coughing and sneezing and that different neuromuscular strategies may be utilized to augment expiratory airflow.

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