scholarly journals Honeydew as a newly described route of insecticide exposure to beneficial insects

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Miguel Calvo Agudo
Keyword(s):  
Beneficial Insects ◽  
Insecticide Exposure

scholarly journals Neonicotinoids in excretion product of phloem-feeding insects kill beneficial insects

2019 ◽  
Vol 116 (34) ◽  
pp. 16817-16822 ◽  
Author(s):  
Miguel Calvo-Agudo ◽  
Joel González-Cabrera ◽  
Yolanda Picó ◽  
Pau Calatayud-Vernich ◽  
Alberto Urbaneja ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Side Effects ◽  
Strong Evidence ◽  
Risk Assessments ◽  
Carbohydrate Source ◽  
Nontarget Organisms ◽  
Beneficial Insects ◽  
Insecticide Exposure ◽  
Negative Side Effects ◽  
Phloem Feeding ◽  
Beneficial Organisms

Pest control in agriculture is mainly based on the application of insecticides, which may impact nontarget beneficial organisms leading to undesirable ecological effects. Neonicotinoids are among the most widely used insecticides. However, they have important negative side effects, especially for pollinators and other beneficial insects feeding on nectar. Here, we identify a more accessible exposure route: Neonicotinoids reach and kill beneficial insects that feed on the most abundant carbohydrate source for insects in agroecosystems, honeydew. Honeydew is the excretion product of phloem-feeding hemipteran insects such as aphids, mealybugs, whiteflies, and psyllids. We allowed parasitic wasps and pollinating hoverflies to feed on honeydew from hemipterans feeding on trees treated with thiamethoxam or imidacloprid, the most commonly used neonicotinoids. LC-MS/MS analyses demonstrated that both neonicotinoids were present in honeydew. Honeydew with thiamethoxam was highly toxic to both species of beneficial insects, and honeydew with imidacloprid was moderately toxic to hoverflies. Collectively, our data provide strong evidence for honeydew as a route of insecticide exposure that may cause acute or chronic deleterious effects on nontarget organisms. This route should be considered in future environmental risk assessments of neonicotinoid applications.

The introduction of the eleven-spotted ladybird Coccinella undecimpunctata to New Zealand in 1874: the first use of a ladybird for biological control, or a spurious record created by cumulative misreporting?

2013 ◽  
Vol 40 (2) ◽  
pp. 277-293 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. A. Galbreath ◽  
P. J. Cameron
Keyword(s):  
Biological Control ◽  
New Zealand ◽  
Historical Records ◽  
Entomological Society ◽  
Beneficial Insects ◽  
Coccinella Undecimpunctata

The introduction of the eleven-spotted ladybird Coccinella undecimpunctata to New Zealand in 1874 has been widely quoted as the first importation of an insect for biological control in New Zealand and one of the first anywhere. However, searches of historical records show no evidence that such an introduction was made or attempted. Instead, there is clear evidence that the presently accepted record arose by a process of cumulative misreporting. An account of discussions in the Entomological Society of London in December 1873 about possible introductions of various beneficial insects to New Zealand was misreported by the American entomologist C. V. Riley, and several subsequent authors restated his version with further modifications and additions. This created the record of the introduction of C. undecimpunctata to New Zealand in 1874 that has been accepted and repeated ever since.

Potential of Ficus carica extracts against Euschistus heros : toxicity of major active compounds and selectivity against beneficial insects

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Isabella O. Britto ◽  
Sabrina H. C. Araújo ◽  
Pedro F. S. Toledo ◽  
Graziela D. A. Lima ◽  
Iorrana V. Salustiano ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Ficus Carica ◽  
Active Compounds ◽  
Beneficial Insects ◽  
Euschistus Heros

Native flowering shrubs promote beneficial insects in avocado orchards

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alejandra E. Muñoz ◽  
Paul Amouroux ◽  
Tania Zaviezo
Keyword(s):  
Beneficial Insects

scholarly journals Influence of Pre-Sowing Operations on Soil-Dwelling Fauna in Soybean Cultivation

Agriculture ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (6) ◽  
pp. 474
Author(s):  
Darija Lemic ◽  
Ivana Pajač Živković ◽  
Marija Posarić ◽  
Renata Bažok
Keyword(s):  
Cover Crop ◽  
Soil Fauna ◽  
Biological Indicators ◽  
Conventional Tillage ◽  
Pitfall Traps ◽  
Beneficial Insects ◽  
The Family ◽  
Negative Effect ◽  
Natural Equilibrium ◽  
Positive Effect

The aim of this study was to determine the effects of different pre-sowing operations on the abundance and composition of total soil fauna in soybean cultivation, with special attention to carabids as biological indicators of agroecosystem quality. The study was conducted in central Croatia with six different pre-sowing activities (cover crop, mulching, ploughing, glyphosate, fertiliser removal, conventional tillage). Pitfall traps were used to collect soil fauna in April, June and September. After determining the abundance and composition of the fauna, their coenological characteristics were calculated and statistical analysis was performed. During the study, 7836 individuals of soil fauna were collected. The composition consisted of 84% beneficial, 8% harmful and 8% indifferent fauna. Class Insecta was the most numerous with a proportion of 56%, with most members of the family Carabidae (1622 individuals), followed by the class Arachnida (40%). The number of fauna collected was influenced by the interaction between pre-seeding intervention and sampling date. Pre-seeding interventions that did not involve soil activities did not affect the number and composition of soil fauna at the beginning of vegetation. Mechanical interventions in the soil and warmer and drier weather have a negative effect on the number and composition of soil fauna. As the season progresses, the influence of pre-sowing activities on soil fauna in soybean crops decreases. It seems that a reduction in mechanical activities in the shallow seed layer of the soil has a positive effect on species richness or diversity. Of particular note is the large proportion of beneficial insects that currently colonise the study area, characterising soil richness and stable natural equilibrium.

scholarly journals Capturing the transcription factor interactome in response to sub-lethal insecticide exposure

2021 ◽  
pp. 100018
Author(s):  
Victoria A Ingham ◽  
Sara Elg ◽  
Sanjay C Nagi ◽  
Frank Dondelinger
Keyword(s):  
Transcription Factor ◽  
Insecticide Exposure

The rearing of beneficial insects

1982 ◽  
Vol 7 (3) ◽  
pp. 304-310 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pritam Singh
Keyword(s):  
Beneficial Insects
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