scholarly journals Anatomical Variation of the Brachial Plexus: An Ancillary Nerve of the Middle Trunk Communicating with the Radix of the Median Nerve

2017 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 68-71
Author(s):  
Minh Huynh ◽  
Stewart Spence ◽  
Johnny W Huang
Keyword(s):  
Case Report ◽  
Brachial Plexus ◽  
Median Nerve ◽  
Upper Limb ◽  
Anatomical Variation ◽  
Anatomical Variant ◽  
Iatrogenic Injuries ◽  
Communicating Branch ◽  
Anterior Division

Purpose: Variations in brachial plexus anatomy are common. As such, the knowledge of variations is essential for surgeons and anesthesiologists to decrease the risk of iatrogenic injuries. Moreover, brachial plexus variations often co-exist with aberrant vasculature. The median nerve is formed from contributions by the lateral and medial cords. This case report details a unique variant in the formation of the median nerve. Methods: The anatomical variant presented was identified during an upper-limb dissection of an adult cadaver.Results: The anatomical variant presented demonstrates a bifurcation of the middle trunk of the brachial plexus that coalesces to the radix of the median nerve. Although prior studies have demonstrated median nerve brachial plexus variations, the aforementioned variant arises directly from the middle trunk and communicates directly with the median nerve, while previously mentioned variants often connect to the medial or lateral cords. Conclusion: The communicating branch between the anterior division of the middle trunk and radix of the median nerve represents a unique and uncommon anatomical variation. 

scholarly journals Bilateral Anatomical Variation in the Formation of Trunks of the Brachial Plexus - A Case Report

2018 ◽  
Vol 35 (01) ◽  
pp. 9-13
Author(s):  
E. Lasch ◽  
M. Nazer ◽  
L. Bartholdy
Keyword(s):  
Case Report ◽  
Brachial Plexus ◽  
Upper Limb ◽  
Scientific Literature ◽  
Case Reports ◽  
Anatomical Variation ◽  
Male Cadaver ◽  
Motor Nerves ◽  
The Right

AbstractThis study presents a bilateral variation in the formation of trunks of brachial plexus in a male cadaver. The right brachial plexus was composed of six roots (C4-T1) and the left brachial plexus of five roots (C5-T1). Both formed four trunks thus changing the contributions of the anterior divisions of the cervical nerves involved in the formation of the cords and the five main somatic motor nerves for the upper limb. There are very few case reports in the scientific literature on this topic; thus making the present study very relevant.

scholarly journals Neurofibrolipoma of the dorsum of hand: a case report

2017 ◽  
Vol 4 (9) ◽  
pp. 3180
Author(s):  
Surya Rao Rao Venkata Mahipathy ◽  
Alagar Raja Durairaj ◽  
Narayanamurthy Sundaramurthy ◽  
Jayaganesh Parthasarathy
Keyword(s):  
Case Report ◽  
Brachial Plexus ◽  
Median Nerve ◽  
Upper Limb ◽  
Benign Lesion ◽  
Fibrolipomatous Hamartoma

Neurofibrolipoma, also called fibrolipomatous hamartoma, is a rare benign lesion which commonly involves the upper limb and its nerves with the median nerve being frequently involved. It also affects other nerves such as the ulnar, radial and brachial plexus.

scholarly journals Abnormal formation of medial cord of brachial plexus - a case report

2016 ◽  
Vol 05 (02) ◽  
pp. 100-102
Author(s):  
Rupak Jyoti Baishya ◽  
Rubi Saikia ◽  
Shobhana Medhi
Keyword(s):  
Case Report ◽  
Brachial Plexus ◽  
Upper Limb ◽  
Invasive Procedures ◽  
Medical College ◽  
Lower Trunk ◽  
Lateral Cord ◽  
Posterior Division ◽  
Anterior Division ◽  
Ethical Clearance

AbstractBrachial plexus is the plexus of nerves that supplies the upper limb. The anterior divisions of upper and middle trunks form lateral cord and that of the lower trunk form medial cord. Posterior divisions of all the three trunks form the posterior cord. Here we report a case of unilateral variation in the formation of medial cord of brachial plexus during dissection of a female perinatal cadaver of 34 weeks of gestation which was dissected as a part of Congenital Malformation Survey conducted in the Department of Anatomy, Assam Medical College, Dibrugarh with necessary ethical clearance. Medial cord was formed by the anterior division of lower trunk and this cord had a communication from the posterior division of middle trunk. It is very important to be aware of the variations of the cords of the brachial plexus during different invasive procedures in that region.

scholarly journals Anatomical Variation of a Communicating Branch between the Musculocutaneous and the Median Nerve: A Case Report

2020 ◽  
Vol 49 (1) ◽  
pp. 71
Author(s):  
Dimosthenis Chrysikos ◽  
Andreas Athanasopoulos ◽  
Panagiotis Georgakopoulos ◽  
Ioannis Antonopoulos ◽  
Alexandros Samolis ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Case Report ◽  
Brachial Plexus ◽  
Clinical Significance ◽  
Anatomical Variation ◽  
Anatomical Variations ◽  
Clinical Findings ◽  
Minimal Invasive ◽  
Musculocutaneous Nerve ◽  
Communicating Branch ◽  
Male Cadaver

<p><strong>Objective</strong>. The aim of our paper is to depict an anatomical variation of the brachial plexus, concerning a communicating branch between the median and the musculocutaneous nerve and its clinical significance. Anatomical variations of the brachial plexus and especially those of the musculocutaneous nerve are quite common. Awareness of these variations is of paramount importance in clinical practice, mainly in achieving best results in minimal invasive or surgical procedures.</p><p><strong>Case Report</strong>. After dissection in upper extremities in a 89-year-old male cadaver, a communicating branch between the median and the musculocutaneous nerve was found. This communicating branch was formed before the musculocutaneous nerve perforated the coracobrachialis muscle. It also derived from the level of the ansa medianis and its course was of an approximately 2cm length.</p><p><strong>Conclusion</strong>. The clinical significance of our study is the entrapment of the musculocutaneous nerve that may cause clinical findings similar to those of the carpal tunnel syndrome.</p>

A rare variation in the formation of the lower trunk of the brachial plexus its embryological basis and clinical importance - a case report

2012 ◽  
Vol 6 (4) ◽  
pp. 49-52
Author(s):  
N Satyanarayana ◽  
R Guha ◽  
P Sunitha ◽  
GN Reddy ◽  
G Praveen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Case Report ◽  
Brachial Plexus ◽  
Upper Limb ◽  
Clinical Importance ◽  
Medical Sciences ◽  
Nerve Roots ◽  
Rare Variation ◽  
Lower Trunk ◽  
Male Cadaver ◽  
The Right

Brachial plexus is the plexus of nerves, that supplies the upper limb.Variations in the branches of brachial plexus are common but variations in the roots and trunks are very rare. Here, we report one of the such rare variations in the formations of the lower trunk of the brachial plexus in the right upper limb of a male cadaver. In the present case the lower trunk was formed by the union of ventral rami of C7,C8 and T1 nerve roots. The middle trunk was absent. Upper trunk formation was normal. Journal of College of Medical Sciences-Nepal,2011,Vol-6,No-4, 49-52 DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/jcmsn.v6i4.6727

scholarly journals Bifid Median Nerve in the Bulgarian Population: An Anatomical and Clinical Study

2015 ◽  
Vol 2015 ◽  
pp. 1-4
Author(s):  
Georgi P. Georgiev ◽  
Svetoslav A. Slavchev ◽  
Iva N. Dimitrova ◽  
Boycho Landzhov
Keyword(s):  
Clinical Study ◽  
Median Nerve ◽  
Carpal Tunnel ◽  
Anatomical Variation ◽  
Clinical Implications ◽  
Upper Limbs ◽  
Anatomical Variant ◽  
Human Cadavers ◽  
Tunnel Syndrome ◽  
Bulgarian Population

High division of the median nerve proximal to the carpal tunnel, also known as a bifid median nerve, is a rare anatomical variant with an incidence between 1 and 3%. In order to study the incidence of this anatomical variation in the Bulgarian population, we examined the upper limbs of 51 formol-carbol fixed human cadavers and also 154 upper limbs undergoing carpal tunnel decompression. We detected one case of bifid median nerve during anatomical dissections and two cases in patients with carpal tunnel syndrome. In one of the clinical cases, the anatomical variation was detected preoperatively by MRI. We discuss different variations of this nerve and emphasize their potential clinical implications.

scholarly journals Aberrant Positioning of the Ulnar Nerve Found During Carpal Tunnel Release: A Case Report

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
David R. Veltre ◽  
Kelvin Naito ◽  
Xinning Li ◽  
Andrew B. Stein
Keyword(s):  
Case Report ◽  
Median Nerve ◽  
Ulnar Nerve ◽  
Carpal Tunnel ◽  
Carpal Tunnel Release ◽  
Distal Forearm ◽  
Anatomic Variations ◽  
Transverse Carpal Ligament ◽  
Iatrogenic Injuries ◽  
Flexor Retinaculum

Introduction: Aberrant positioning of the ulnar nerve volar to the transverse carpal ligament is a rare anatomic variation.Case Presentation: We present the case of a 55-year-old female with unique ulnar nerve anatomy that was discovered introperatively during carpal tunnel release.  The ulnar nerve was running directly adjacent to the median nerve in the distal forearm and as the median nerve traversed dorsal to the transverse carpal ligament (flexor retinaculum) to enter the carpal tunnel the ulnar nerve continued directly volar to this structure before angling towards Guyon’s Canal.  The unique ulnar nerve anatomy was successfully identified, carefully dissected and managed with a successful patient outcome.Conclusion: Variations of the anatomy at the level of the carpal tunnel are rare but do exist.  Awareness of these anatomic variations and adequate visualization of the ulnar nerve along with the surrounding structures is crucial to avoid iatrogenic injuries during carpal tunnel release. 

scholarly journals Report of a Transligamentous Ulnar Nerve Sensory Branch

Hand ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 15 (1) ◽  
pp. NP11-NP13
Author(s):  
Christina R. Vargas ◽  
Kyle J. Chepla
Keyword(s):  
Median Nerve ◽  
Ulnar Nerve ◽  
Carpal Tunnel ◽  
Carpal Tunnel Release ◽  
Anatomical Variation ◽  
Dominant Male ◽  
Transverse Carpal Ligament ◽  
Anatomical Variant ◽  
Motor Branch ◽  
Right Hand

Background: Several anatomical variations of the median nerve recurrent motor branch have been described. No previous reports have described the anatomical variation of the ulnar nerve with respect to transverse carpal ligament. In this article, we present a patient with symptomatic compression of the ulnar nerve found to occur outside the Guyon canal due to a transligamentous course through the distal transverse carpal ligament. Methods: A 59-year-old, right-hand-dominant male patient presented with right hand pain, subjective weakness, and numbness in both the ulnar and the median nerve distributions. Electromyography revealed moderate demyelinating sensorimotor median neuropathy at the wrist and distal ulnar sensory neuropathy. At the time of planned carpal tunnel and Guyon canal release, a transligamentous ulnar nerve sensory common branch to the fourth webspace was encountered and safely released. Results: There were no surgical complications. The patient’s symptoms of numbness in the median and ulnar nerve distribution clinically improved at his first postoperative visit. Conclusions: We have identified a case of transligamentous ulnar nerve sensory branch encountered during carpal tunnel release. To our knowledge, this has not been previously reported. While the incidence of this variant is unknown, hand surgeons should be aware of this anatomical variant as its location puts it at risk of iatrogenic injury during open and endoscopic carpal tunnel release.

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