scholarly journals Endoscopic study of upper gastrointestinal mucosal lesion in chronic renal failure

Author(s):  
Manoj Gupta ◽  
Atul Shende

Background: Chronic renal failure is a syndrome complex results from progressive and irreversible destruction of nephrons regardless of cause. This diagnosis implies that GFR is known to have been reduced for atleast 3 to 6 months. To study the clinical manifestations and assess the type and prevalence of upper gastrointestinal lesions and to correlate the clinical and biochemical parameters with upper GI mucosal lesion in chronic renal failure patients.Methods: Fifty CRF patients from nephrology and Medicine OPD, admitted in the department of Medicine, M.Y. Hospital, Indore, during January 2002 to April 2003 were studied. A detailed History, clinical examination, Urine Examination, renal Function test, U.S.G. was done and then upper GI Endoscopy was performed.Results: Thirty-six males and fourteen females (n=50) were studied. Most common age group was 41-50 years; commonest GI symptom was Anorexia (100%) and Nausea was present in (94%) of patients and GI bleed was seen in (8%). The common upper GI lesion were gastritis (28%), Oesophagitis (16%) and Duodenitis (12%). No patients had Gastric or Duodenal Ulcers. Majority of patients had creatinine clearance between 5-10 ml /min and most of the patients had duration of disease between 11-20 months.Conclusions: Gastrointestinal symptoms are very frequent in CRF patients. There is a high incidence of inflammatory charges of gastrointestinal mucosa in patients of CRF and chronic uremic patients are not at high risk of developing ulcer disease. There is no correlation of these gastrointestinal symptoms and inflammatory changes with age, sex, severity and duration of disease.

1991 ◽  
Vol 23 (4) ◽  
pp. 403-406 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kyösti Ala-Kaila ◽  
Pekka Vaajalahti ◽  
Anna-Liisa Karvonen ◽  
Maarit Kokki

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 (21) ◽  
pp. 1679-1684
Author(s):  
Anand Hanumaiah ◽  
Savita K. Sridhar

BACKGROUND Dyspepsia is a term used to describe a number of symptoms thought to originate from the upper gastrointestinal tract. It may be caused by a variety of conditions such as peptic ulcer disease, gastro-oesophageal reflux, or even malignancy. Sometimes, dyspepsia is deemed to be functional. Endoscopy helps in differentiating these upper gastro-intestinal (GI) conditions. The objectives of this study were to determine the gastrointestinal findings in patients presenting with dyspepsia in our centre and compare them with those of other studies. METHODS This is a retrospective study of 100 consecutive patients who had undergone upper GI endoscopy for symptoms of dyspepsia from endoscopy data base at Karwar Institute of Medical Sciences, Department of Surgery, from January 2018 to March 2020. RESULTS Out of the total 100 patients who underwent upper GI endoscopy in our institution, 60 were males and 40 were females; youngest was aged 18 years and the oldest was 80 years old. 87 patients had abnormal findings and among these, 29 patients had finding in oesophagus, 54 in the stomach and 04 in the duodenum. A total of 13 patients were reported to be normal. CONCLUSIONS Dyspepsia is much common in males than females. Gastritis is the most common finding on endoscopy followed by oesophagitis and duodenitis other than reflux disorders. Along with proper history and physical examination, endoscopy helps in identifying serious pathologies like malignancy at earlier stage thus reducing morbidity and mortality. Endoscopy is the ‘gold standard test’ for patients with upper gastrointestinal symptoms. KEYWORDS Dyspepsia, Upper GI Endoscopy, Gastritis


1970 ◽  
Vol 5 (3) ◽  
pp. 53-67
Author(s):  
Aline Dos Santos ◽  
Ana Caroline Balducci Scafi ◽  
Luciene Azevedo Morais ◽  
Pablo Girardelli Mendonça Mesquita

RESUMOIntrodução: A Granulomatose de Wegener (GW) é uma vasculite rara e idiopática associada à presença do anticorpo Anticitoplasma de Neutrófilo (ANCA) que acomete, preferencialmente, os pequenos vasos. As manifestações clínicas são diversas, ocorrendo em mais de 90% dos casos, sintomas do trato respiratório. O comprometimento renal é tardio e preditor de mau prognóstico.  Sua morbidade a médio e longo prazo inclui insuficiência renal crônica. A probabilidade de sucesso de manutenção da função renal depende da concentração sérica de creatinina ao início do tratamento, o que indica a importância do diagnóstico e terapêutica adequada precoces. Casuística: Relata-se o caso de uma paciente do sexo feminino, 61 anos, portadora de GW com comprometimento renal avançado à apresentação não precedido por sintomas pulmonares esperados. O tratamento imunossupressor associado a plasmaferese permitiu a melhora da função renal da paciente poupando-a de tornar-se dialítica- dependente. Discussão: A paciente iniciou a doença através de insuficiência renal assintomática, com valores de função renal compatíveis com o estágio mais avançado de doença renal crônica, ultrassonografia dos rins sem alterações compatíveis e sem os sintomas respiratórios esperados. Segundo a literatura, a combinação de imunossupressores e plasmaferese associa-se à recuperação renal em três meses com sobrevivência sem necessidade de diálise por 12 meses, no caso relatado, obteve-se tal resultado em 22 dias sem a necessidade de diálise após um ano. Conclusão: Devido ao diagnóstico precoce, o tratamento adequado foi instalado rapidamente proporcionando à paciente um aumento da expectativa e da qualidade de vida, evitando dependência de terapia renal substitutiva.Palavras-Chave: Granulomatose de Wegener, Plasmaferese, Doença renal crônica.  ABSTRACTIntroduction: The Wegener's Granulomatosis (WG) is a rare and idiopathic vasculitis associated with the presence of Antineutrophil Cytoplasmic Antibody (ANCA), that affects, preferentially, the small vessels. The clinical manifestations are diverse, occurring in over 90% of cases, symptoms in the respiratory tract. Kidney damage is a late and bad prognostic predictor. Morbidity in the medium and long term includes chronic renal failure. The probability of renal function maintenance success depends on serum creatinine concentration at the beginning of treatment that indicates the importance of early diagnosis and deployment of an appropriate therapy. Case Report: We present a case of a 61-year-old female patient, carrier of GW with advanced renal impairment presentation, not preceded by expected pulmonary symptoms. The immunosuppressive treatment associated with plasmapheresis allowed the improvement of the patient’s renal function, saving her from becoming dialysis-dependent Discussion: The patient developed the disease through asymptomatic renal failure, renal function with values that are compatible with the most advanced stage of chronic kidney disease, ultrasound of the kidneys without compatible changes and without the expected respiratory symptoms. According to the literature, the combination of immunosuppressive drugs and plasmapheresis is associated with renal recovery in three months with survival without dialysis for 12 months. In this case, a result was obtained in 22 days without the need for dialysis after one year. Conclusion: Due to the early diagnosis, appropriate treatment was quickly installed giving the patient increased life expectancy and quality, preventing dependence on renal replacement therapy.Keywords: Wegener’s granulomatosis, Plasmapheresis, Chronic renal failure.


2021 ◽  
Vol Special issue (3) ◽  
pp. 50-53
Author(s):  
M. Kh. Karimova ◽  
◽  
U.F. Mavlyanova ◽  
A.А. Abdushukurova ◽  
Z.T. Matkarimov ◽  
...  

Renal retinopathy is a severe late microvascular complication of CRF and one of the causes of blindness in the world among people of working age. OCT-A makes it possible to detect microvascular changes in the retina even in the absence of clinical manifestations of renal retinopathy on the fundus. Markers of changes in the microcirculatory bed of the retina in renal retinopathy arequalitative and quantitative changes in the foveal avascular zone and a decrease in the density of the capillary network, which increase with the progression of the disease.Keywords:Renal retinopathy, CRF, OCT, angiography, retinal changes


Author(s):  
OJS Admin

Chronic renal disease is generally referred as impaired functioning of kidneys. Occurrence of kidney damage, increased loss of albumin in urine and a decreased glomerular filtration (GFR) rate are the clinical manifestations of chronic renal disease. It is a major health issue worldwide and the rate of this disease is increasing day by day.


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