The modified Nadeem’s technique for the treatment of H-type tracheoesophageal fistula

An H-type fistula is an unusual category of the tracheoesophageal fistula to occur constituting only 5 % of all cases. The continuity of the esophagus leads to a delayed and vague presentation with a complaint of choking on feed and respiratory issues unlike the inability to feed and frothing soon after birth in other variants of tracheoesophageal fistula. We received a referred case of a 3-months-old male having recurrent respiratory tract infections and episodes of choking. After a thorough evaluation, a suspicion of H-type fistula was encountered that led to refined radiological evaluation. Contrast given per oral also delineated fistula and CT scan with intravenous and oral contrast revealed fistulous communication between two channels. Operated for H-type fistula through the modified Nadeem’s technique via a left cervical approach and discharged after uneventful recovery. The modified Nadeem’s technique via a left-sided cervical approach facilitates access, vision, and intervention easily as compared to the conventional right-sided approach given in the literature.

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Retraction Note: Childhood iron deficiency anemia leads to recurrent respiratory tract infections and gastroenteritis

Scientific Reports ◽

10.1038/s41598-021-90018-8 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 11 (1) ◽

Author(s):

Jayaweera Arachchige Asela Sampath Jayaweera ◽

Mohammed Reyes ◽

Anpalaham Joseph

Keyword(s):

Iron Deficiency ◽

Respiratory Tract ◽

Iron Deficiency Anemia ◽

Respiratory Tract Infections ◽

Deficiency Anemia ◽

Link Type ◽

Tract Infections ◽

Recurrent Respiratory Tract Infections

Editor's Note: this Article has been retracted; the Retraction Note is available at https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-021-90018-8.

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Acceptability of a Sublingual Drug Formulation for Respiratory Tract Infections in Children Aged 3 to 5 Years

Pharmaceutics ◽

10.3390/pharmaceutics13020294 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 13 (2) ◽

pp. 294

Author(s):

Andrzej Emeryk ◽

Thibault Vallet ◽

Ewelina Wawryk-Gawda ◽

Arkadiusz Jędrzejewski ◽

Frederic Durmont ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Respiratory Tract ◽

Respiratory Tract Infections ◽

Drug Formulation ◽

Reference Framework ◽

Significant Difference ◽

Key Factor ◽

Treatment Safety ◽

The Many ◽

Tract Infections ◽

Recurrent Respiratory Tract Infections

In pediatrics, acceptability has emerged as a key factor for compliance, and consequently for treatment safety and efficacy. Polyvalent mechanical bacterial lysate (PMBL) in 50-mg sublingual tablets is indicated in children and adults for the prophylaxis of recurrent respiratory tract infections. This medication may be prescribed in children over 3 years of age; the appropriateness of this sublingual formulation should thus be demonstrated amongst young children. Using a multivariate approach integrating the many aspects of acceptability, standardized observer reports were collected for medication intake over the course of treatment (days 1, 2, and 10) in 37 patients aged 3 to 5 years, and then analyzed in an intelligible model: the acceptability reference framework. According to this multidimensional model, 50-mg PMBL sublingual tablets were classified as “positively accepted” in children aged 3 to 5 years on all three days of evaluation. As the acceptability evaluation should be relative, we demonstrated that there was no significant difference between the acceptability of these sublingual tablets and a score reflecting the average acceptability of oral/buccal medicines in preschoolers. These results highlight that sublingual formulations could be appropriate for use in preschoolers.

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