scholarly journals True umbilical cord knots are not always knotty: a case report

2021 ◽  
Vol 7 (10) ◽  
pp. 506
Author(s):  
Akaninyene Eseme Ubom ◽  
Akinyosoye D. Ajiboye ◽  
Akintunde O. Fehintola ◽  
Oluwatoyin Oyenike Fadare ◽  
Ekundayo O. Ayegbusi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Umbilical Cord ◽  
Incidental Finding ◽  
Rare Event ◽  
Birth Asphyxia ◽  
Perinatal Outcomes ◽  
Healthy Male ◽  
Apgar Scores ◽  
Spontaneous Vaginal Delivery ◽  
Male Baby ◽  
Adverse Perinatal Outcomes

<p class="abstract">A true umbilical cord knot (TUCK) is a rare event, complicating 0.3-1.3% of all pregnancies. Prenatal diagnosis is not usual, as it is mostly discovered at delivery, when the knot is identified. True cord knots are mostly asymptomatic, but can be associated with adverse perinatal outcomes such as birth asphyxia and foetal demise, owing to compression of the umbilical vessels within the knot. This compression, however, is largely dependent on how tightly the knot is formed. We report a 30-year-old booked gravida 2, para 1, with a living child, who had spontaneous vaginal delivery of a healthy male baby at term, with incidental finding of a single loose TUCK at delivery. The umbilical cord was 81 cm long. The baby weighed 3600 g at birth, with 1- and 5-minutes Apgar scores of 9 and 10 respectively, and no adverse perinatal occurrence.</p>

scholarly journals Umbilical Cord Prolapse and Perinatal Outcomes in a Tertiary Hospital in Yenagoa, South-South Nigeria: A 5-Year Review

2021 ◽  
pp. 74-83
Author(s):  
P. C. Oriji ◽  
D. O. Allagoa ◽  
D. C. Briggs ◽  
M. N. Chika ◽  
A. E. Ubom ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Umbilical Cord ◽  
Birth Asphyxia ◽  
Perinatal Outcomes ◽  
Tertiary Hospital ◽  
Morbidity And Mortality ◽  
Categorical Variables ◽  
Continuous Variables ◽  
Cord Prolapse ◽  
Adverse Perinatal Outcomes ◽  
Umbilical Cord Prolapse

Background: Umbilical cord prolapse is an obstetric emergency when the foetus is still alive, and it is associated with high foetal morbidity and mortality. If umbilical cord prolapse occurs outside the hospital, mortality rate can be as high as 44% – 70%, and as low as 3% when it occurs in the hospital. Objective: To determine the incidence of umbilical cord prolapse and the perinatal outcomes associated with it at the Federal Medical Centre, Yenagoa, Bayelsa State, Nigeria over 5 years. Materials and Methods: This retrospective survey was carried out between 1st January, 2016 and 31st December, 2020. Data were retrieved, entered into a pre-designed proforma, and analysed using IBM SPSS version 25.0. Results were presented in frequencies and percentages for categorical variables and mean and standard deviation for continuous variables. Results: Forty-one women had umbilical cord prolapse out of 4,571 deliveries, giving a case incidence rate of 8.9 per 1,000 deliveries. About three-quarters (75.6%) of the women were multiparous. A fifth (21.9%) of the foetuses died in-utero, while 27 (65.9%) babies survived. Five (15.6%) babies had severe birth asphyxia, and died (early neonatal death) in the special care baby unit. Decision-to-delivery interval was ≤ 30 minutes in only 12.5% of patients. Conclusion: Umbilical cord prolapse is associated with significant perinatal morbidity and mortality. Prompt diagnosis and intervention are very key in preventing adverse perinatal outcomes.

ADVERSE PERINATAL OUTCOMES OF HIV-1–INFECTED WOMEN IN RELATION TO MALARIA PARASITEMIA IN MATERNAL AND UMBILICAL CORD BLOOD

2005 ◽  
Vol 73 (4) ◽  
pp. 694-697 ◽  
Author(s):  
EDUARDO VILLAMOR ◽  
WILLY URASSA ◽  
SAID ABOUD ◽  
WAFAIE W. FAWZI ◽  
DAVID J. HUNTER ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cord Blood ◽  
Umbilical Cord ◽  
Umbilical Cord Blood ◽  
Perinatal Outcomes ◽  
Malaria Parasitemia ◽  
Adverse Perinatal Outcomes ◽  
Hiv 1

scholarly journals Effect of pregnancy induced hypertension on adverse perinatal outcomes in Tigray regional state, Ethiopia: a prospective cohort study

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Abadi Kidanemariam Berhe ◽  
Abiodun O. ILESANMI ◽  
Christopher O. AIMAKHU ◽  
Afework Mulugeta
Keyword(s):  
Perinatal Outcome ◽  
Neonatal Intensive Care ◽  
Perinatal Death ◽  
Birth Asphyxia ◽  
Perinatal Outcomes ◽  
Pregnancy Induced Hypertension ◽  
Adverse Perinatal Outcome ◽  
Regional State ◽  
Induced Hypertension ◽  
Adverse Perinatal Outcomes

Abstract Background: The prevalence of pregnancy-induced hypertension in Ethiopia ranges from 2.2 to 18.3%. However, so far little is known about the adverse perinatal outcomes of pregnancy-induced hypertension in Tigray regional state, Ethiopia. Therefore, the objective of this study was to assess the effect of pregnancy-induced hypertension on adverse perinatal outcomes in Tigray Regional State, Ethiopia. Methods: a prospective cohort study was conducted on a total sample of 782 pregnant women attending antenatal care in hospitals of Tigray regional state, Ethiopia. Pregnant mothers diagnosed with PIH during the data collection period in the selected hospitals were included as exposed group and normotensive women were also enrolled as a control group. Women diagnosed with pregnancy-induced hypertension between 28 and 35 weeks of gestation were enrolled for follow up to this study. Data were collected using an interviewer-administered questionnaire and review of their medical records from February 2018, to February 2019. The adverse perinatal outcome event includes low birth weight, birth asphyxia, small for gestational age, preterm delivery, admission to neonatal intensive care unit and perinatal death. A modified Poisson regression model with robust standard errors was used to analyze relative risk. Results: In this study, the overall incidence of adverse perinatal outcome was higher among women with pregnancy-induced hypertension than normotensive women (66.4% vs 22.2%). After adjusted for confounders women with pregnancy-induced hypertension were born babies with a higher risk of low birth weight (adjusted RR(95%CI)= 5.1(3.4,7.8)), birth asphyxia (aRR=2.6(1.9,3.8)), small for gestational age (aRR=3.3(2.3,4.6)), preterm delivery (aRR=5.2(3.4,7.9)), stillbirth (aRR=3.46(1.40,8.54)), admission to neonatal intensive care unit (aRR=5.1(3.1,8.4)) and perinatal death (aRR=3.6(1.8,7.4)) compared to normotensive pregnant women. Conclusions: Higher incidences of adverse perinatal outcomes occurred among women pregnancy-induced hypertension in Tigray regional state, Ethiopia. Hence health care providers should strengthen prevention, early diagnosis and prompt management of pregnancy-induced hypertension to reduce adverse perinatal outcomes of pregnancy-induced hypertension. Keywords : Adverse perinatal outcomes, pregnancy-induced hypertension, Tigray, Ethiopia

Fetal cerebro-placental ratio and adverse perinatal outcome: systematic review and meta-analysis of the association and diagnostic performance

2016 ◽  
Vol 44 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ahmed Abobakr Nassr ◽  
Ahmed M. Abdelmagied ◽  
Sherif A.M. Shazly
Keyword(s):  
At Risk ◽  
Diagnostic Accuracy ◽  
Perinatal Outcome ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Perinatal Outcomes ◽  
Fetal Distress ◽  
Apgar Scores ◽  
Neonatal Complications ◽  
Adverse Perinatal Outcome ◽  
Adverse Perinatal Outcomes

AbstractThe objective of this meta-analysis is to assess the value of fetal cerebro-placental Doppler ratio (CPR) in predicting adverse perinatal outcome in pregnancies with fetal growth restriction (FGR).Three databases were used: MEDLINE, EMBASE (with online Ovid interface) and SCOPUS and studies from inception to April 2015 were included. Studies that reported perinatal outcomes of fetuses at risk of FGR or sonographically diagnosed FGR that were evaluated with CPR were considered eligible. Perinatal outcomes include cesarean section (CS) for fetal distress, APGAR scores at 5 min, neonatal complications and admission to neonatal intensive care unit (NICU). Pooled data were expressed as odds ratio (OR) and confidence intervals (CI), and the summary receiver operating characteristic (SROC) curve was used to illustrate the diagnostic accuracy of CPR.Seven studies were eligible (1428 fetuses). Fetuses with abnormal CPR were at higher risk of CS for fetal distress (OR=4.49, 95% CI [1.63, 12.42]), lower APGAR scores (OR=4.01, 95% CI [2.65, 6.08]), admission to NICU (OR=9.65, 95% CI [3.02, 30.85]), and neonatal complications (OR=11.00, 95% [3.64, 15.37]) than fetuses who had normal CPR. These risks were higher among studies that included fetuses diagnosed with FGR than fetuses at risk of FGR. Abnormal CPR had higher diagnostic accuracy for adverse perinatal outcomes among “sonographically diagnosed FGR” studies than “at risk of FGR” studies.Abnormal CPR is associated with substantial risk of adverse perinatal outcomes. The test seems to be particularly useful for follow up of fetuses with sonographically diagnosed FGR.

scholarly journals Effect of pregnancy induced hypertension on adverse perinatal outcomes in Tigray regional state, Ethiopia: a prospective cohort study

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Abadi Kidanemariam Berhe ◽  
Abiodun O. ILESANMI ◽  
Christopher O. AIMAKHU ◽  
Afework Mulugeta
Keyword(s):  
Perinatal Outcome ◽  
Neonatal Intensive Care ◽  
Perinatal Death ◽  
Birth Asphyxia ◽  
Perinatal Outcomes ◽  
Pregnancy Induced Hypertension ◽  
Adverse Perinatal Outcome ◽  
Regional State ◽  
Induced Hypertension ◽  
Adverse Perinatal Outcomes

Abstract Background: The prevalence of pregnancy-induced hypertension in Ethiopia ranges from 2.2 to 18.3%. However, so far little is known about the adverse perinatal outcomes of pregnancy-induced hypertension in Tigray regional state, Ethiopia. Therefore, the objective of this study was to assess the effect of pregnancy-induced hypertension on adverse perinatal outcomes in Tigray Regional State, Ethiopia. Methods: a prospective cohort study was conducted on a total sample of 782 pregnant women attending antenatal care in hospitals of Tigray regional state, Ethiopia. Pregnant mothers diagnosed with PIH during the data collection period in the selected hospitals were included as exposed group and normotensive women were also enrolled as a control group. Data were collected using an interviewer-administered questionnaire and review of their medical records from February 2018, to February 2019. The adverse perinatal outcome event includes low birth weight, birth asphyxia, small for gestational age, preterm delivery, admission to neonatal intensive care unit and perinatal death. A modified Poisson regression model with robust standard errors was used to analyze relative risk. Results: In this study, the overall incidence of adverse perinatal outcome was higher among women with pregnancy-induced hypertension than normotensive women (66.4% vs 22.2%). After adjusted for confounders women with pregnancy-induced hypertension were born babies with a higher risk of low birth weight (adjusted RR(95%CI)= 5.1(3.4,7.8)), birth asphyxia (aRR=2.6(1.9,3.8)), small for gestational age (aRR=3.3(2.3,4.6)), preterm delivery (aRR=5.2(3.4,7.9)), stillbirth (aRR=3.46(1.40,8.54)), admission to neonatal intensive care unit (aRR=5.1(3.1,8.4)) and perinatal death (aRR=3.6(1.8,7.4)) compared to normotensive pregnant women. Conclusions: Higher incidences of adverse perinatal outcomes occurred among women pregnancy-induced hypertension in Tigray regional state, Ethiopia. Hence health care providers should strengthen prevention, early diagnosis and prompt management of pregnancy-induced hypertension to reduce adverse perinatal outcomes of pregnancy-induced hypertension. Keywords: Adverse perinatal outcomes, pregnancy-induced hypertension, Tigray, Ethiopia

scholarly journals The effects of oligohydramnios on perinatal outcomes after preterm premature rupture of membranes

2021 ◽  
Vol 29 (1) ◽  
pp. 27-32
Author(s):  
Subhashini Ladella ◽  
David Lee ◽  
Fatemeh Abbasi ◽  
Brian Morgan
Keyword(s):  
Amniotic Fluid ◽  
Medical Center ◽  
Predictor Variable ◽  
Latency Period ◽  
Perinatal Outcomes ◽  
Premature Rupture Of Membranes ◽  
Premature Rupture ◽  
Apgar Scores ◽  
Preterm Premature Rupture ◽  
Adverse Perinatal Outcomes

Objective Amniotic fluid plays a vital protective role in fetal growth and development. Low amniotic fluid index (AFI) during pregnancy increases risk of adverse perinatal outcomes. Prior studies reported association of oligohydramnios (AFI<5 cm) with shorter latency period and inconsistent correlation with chorioamnionitis after preterm premature rupture of membranes (PPROM). We studied effects of oligohydramnios on perinatal outcomes after PPROM. Methods A retrospective cross-sectional study was performed at our medical center on women with PPROM between 23 to 34 weeks during 2014 to 2016. The primary predictor variable was AFI of <5 cm or ≥5 cm in relationship to perinatal outcomes. Results From a total of 117 PPROM cases reviewed, 46 women had AFI<5 cm and 71 had AFI≥5 cm. Length of stay (LOS) in neonatal intensive care unit (NICU) was 42 days for AFI<5 cm versus 26.5 days for AFI>5 cm (p<0.007). The mean neonatal Apgar scores at 1 and 5 minutes (5.2 and 7.4 respectively) were lower in the AFI<5 cm group compared to AFI≥5 cm (6.9 at 1 minute and 8.4 at 5 minutes, p<0.001). Conclusion Oligohydramnios after PPROM is associated with adverse perinatal outcomes such as lower Apgar scores and longer LOS in the NICU. No association was observed with latency period and chorioamnionitis.

Can Cervical Cerclage Prevent Umbilical Cord Prolapse in Patients with Funic Presentation?

2021 ◽  
Vol 37 (2) ◽  
pp. 109-112
Author(s):  
B. Petrikovsky ◽  
M. Terrani ◽  
A. Dillon ◽  
L. Sichinava
Keyword(s):  
Umbilical Cord ◽  
Rare Event ◽  
Transvaginal Sonography ◽  
The Novel ◽  
Cervical Cerclage ◽  
Apgar Scores ◽  
Effective Measure ◽  
Novel Technique ◽  
Cord Prolapse ◽  
Umbilical Cord Prolapse

Objective: Umbilical cord prolapse is a rare event complicating 0.17%–0.62% of all pregnancies. Funic presentation is a known risk factor for umbilical cord prolapse. Currently, there is no strategy to prevent umbilical cord prolapse in patients with funic presentation. The novel technique used is placement of late cervical cerclage to create a mechanical barrier and prevent an umbilical cord prolapse. Methods: Six patients with a sonographically detected funic presentation were included in the study. Funic presentation was defined as the sonographic presence of the umbilical cord below the presenting part using both transabdominal and transvaginal sonography. Cord prolapse was defined as an umbilical cord seen or palpated below the presenting part. Cervical cerclage was placed in patients with persistent funic presentations, which is the detection of the umbilical cord below the presenting part, on two or more sonograms at least a week apart. Results: Cervical cerclages were placed in six patients with funic presentation between 28 and 34 weeks of gestation without immediate complications. All patients were delivered by a cesarean section between 35 and 38 weeks of pregnancy. None experienced umbilical cord prolapse. Funic presentation was confirmed at birth in all cases. Apgar scores varied between 7 and 10. Conclusion: It appears that cervical cerclage may be an effective measure to prevent umbilical cord prolapse in cases of known persistent funic presentation.

scholarly journals Effect of pregnancy induced hypertension on adverse perinatal outcomes in Tigray regional state, Ethiopia: a prospective cohort study

2019 ◽  
Vol 20 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Abadi Kidanemariam Berhe ◽  
Abiodun O. Ilesanmi ◽  
Christopher O. Aimakhu ◽  
Afework Mulugeta
Keyword(s):  
Perinatal Outcome ◽  
Neonatal Intensive Care ◽  
Perinatal Death ◽  
Birth Asphyxia ◽  
Perinatal Outcomes ◽  
Pregnancy Induced Hypertension ◽  
Adverse Perinatal Outcome ◽  
Regional State ◽  
Induced Hypertension ◽  
Adverse Perinatal Outcomes

Abstract Background The prevalence of pregnancy-induced hypertension in Ethiopia ranges from 2.2 to 18.3%. However, so far little is known about the adverse perinatal outcomes of pregnancy-induced hypertension in Tigray regional state, Ethiopia. Therefore, the objective of this study was to assess the effect of pregnancy-induced hypertension on adverse perinatal outcomes in Tigray Regional State, Ethiopia. Methods a prospective cohort study was conducted on a total sample of 782 pregnant women attending antenatal care in hospitals of Tigray regional state, Ethiopia. Pregnant mothers diagnosed with PIH during the data collection period in the selected hospitals were included as exposed group and normotensive women were also enrolled as a control group. This study addresses women diagnosed with preeclampsia, eclampsia and gestational hypertension between 28 and 35 weeks of gestation. Data were collected using an interviewer-administered questionnaire and review of their medical records from February 2018, to February 2019. The adverse perinatal outcome event includes low birth weight, birth asphyxia, small for gestational age, preterm delivery, admission to neonatal intensive care unit and perinatal death. A modified Poisson regression model with robust standard errors was used to analyze relative risk. Results In this study, the overall incidence of adverse perinatal outcome was higher among women with pregnancy-induced hypertension than normotensive women (66.4% vs 22.2%). After adjusted for confounders women with pregnancy-induced hypertension were born babies with a higher risk of low birth weight (adjusted RR (95%CI) = 5.1(3.4,7.8)), birth asphyxia (aRR = 2.6(1.9,3.8)), small for gestational age (aRR = 3.3(2.3,4.6)), preterm delivery (aRR = 5.2(3.4,7.9)), stillbirth (aRR = 3.46(1.40,8.54)), admission to neonatal intensive care unit (aRR = 5.1(3.1,8.4)) and perinatal death (aRR = 3.6(1.8,7.4)) compared to normotensive pregnant women. Conclusions Higher incidences of adverse perinatal outcomes occurred among women pregnancy-induced hypertension in Tigray regional state, Ethiopia. Hence, health care providers should strengthen prevention, early diagnosis and prompt management of pregnancy-induced hypertension to reduce adverse perinatal outcomes of pregnancy-induced hypertension.

scholarly journals Effect of pregnancy induced hypertension on adverse perinatal outcomes in Tigray regional state, Ethiopia: a prospective cohort study

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Abadi Kidanemariam Berhe ◽  
Abiodun O. ILESANMI ◽  
Christopher O. AIMAKHU ◽  
Afework Mulugeta
Keyword(s):  
Perinatal Outcome ◽  
Neonatal Intensive Care ◽  
Perinatal Death ◽  
Birth Asphyxia ◽  
Perinatal Outcomes ◽  
Pregnancy Induced Hypertension ◽  
Adverse Perinatal Outcome ◽  
Regional State ◽  
Induced Hypertension ◽  
Adverse Perinatal Outcomes

Abstract Background: The prevalence of pregnancy-induced hypertension in Ethiopia ranges from 2.2 to 18.3%. However, so far little is known about the adverse perinatal outcomes of pregnancy-induced hypertension in Tigray regional state, Ethiopia. Therefore, the objective of this study was to assess the effect of pregnancy-induced hypertension on adverse perinatal outcomes in Tigray Regional State, Ethiopia. Methods: a prospective cohort study was conducted on a total sample of 782 pregnant women attending antenatal care in hospitals of Tigray regional state, Ethiopia. Pregnant mothers diagnosed with PIH during the data collection period in the selected hospitals were included as exposed group and normotensive women were also enrolled as a control group. This study addresses women diagnosed with preeclampsia, eclampsia and gestational hypertension between 28 and 35 weeks of gestation. Data were collected using an interviewer-administered questionnaire and review of their medical records from February 2018, to February 2019. The adverse perinatal outcome event includes low birth weight, birth asphyxia, small for gestational age, preterm delivery, admission to neonatal intensive care unit and perinatal death. A modified Poisson regression model with robust standard errors was used to analyze relative risk. Results: In this study, the overall incidence of adverse perinatal outcome was higher among women with pregnancy-induced hypertension than normotensive women (66.4% vs 22.2%). After adjusted for confounders women with pregnancy-induced hypertension were born babies with a higher risk of low birth weight (adjusted RR(95%CI)= 5.1(3.4,7.8)), birth asphyxia (aRR=2.6(1.9,3.8)), small for gestational age (aRR=3.3(2.3,4.6)), preterm delivery (aRR=5.2(3.4,7.9)), stillbirth (aRR=3.46(1.40,8.54)), admission to neonatal intensive care unit (aRR=5.1(3.1,8.4)) and perinatal death (aRR=3.6(1.8,7.4)) compared to normotensive pregnant women. Conclusions: Higher incidences of adverse perinatal outcomes occurred among women pregnancy-induced hypertension in Tigray regional state, Ethiopia. Hence, health care providers should strengthen prevention, early diagnosis and prompt management of pregnancy-induced hypertension to reduce adverse perinatal outcomes of pregnancy-induced hypertension. Keywords: Adverse perinatal outcomes, pregnancy-induced hypertension, Tigray, Ethiopia

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