scholarly journals Comparison of thyroid gland involvement in contrast enhanced computed tomography of the neck and histopathology and the necessity of thyroidectomy in patients with laryngeal and hypo pharyngeal cancer

2019 ◽  
Vol 5 (5) ◽  
pp. 1335
Author(s):  
Mohamed Abdul Kathar M. ◽  
Rajiv Michael ◽  
Aparna Shyam
Keyword(s):  
Computed Tomography ◽  
Thyroid Gland ◽  
Ct Scan ◽  
Total Laryngectomy ◽  
Histopathological Analysis ◽  
Contrast Enhanced ◽  
Cartilage Erosion ◽  
Cect Scan ◽  
Enhanced Computed Tomography ◽  
Contrast Enhanced Computed Tomography

<p class="abstract"><strong>Background:</strong> The aim of this study is to assess the thyroid gland involvement in the preoperative contrast enhanced computed tomography (CECT) of neck with histopathology (HPE) in determining the indications for ipsilateral thyroidectomy in patients undergoing total laryngectomy in laryngeal and hypopharyngeal cancers.</p><p class="abstract"><strong>Methods:</strong> Forty patients diagnosed clinically with stage 3 laryngeal and hypopharyngeal cancer were subjected to CECT of neck. Patients with cartilage erosion and extra laryngeal spread on CECT (T3, T4a) were routinely taken for total laryngectomy, partial pharyngectomy and hemi thyroidectomy. Specimens were sent for histopathological analysis and which was compared with preoperative CECT scan.  </p><p class="abstract"><strong>Results:</strong> Of the forty cases, only four patients had thyroid gland involvement in CECT scan and 2 of the 40 had thyroid gland involvement in histopathology. Of the four patients where the CT scan which showed infiltration of the thyroid gland, none had thyroid gland involvement in histopathology. In two patients where thyroid gland was involved in histopathology, CT scan failed to pick up the thyroid gland involvement. Those two patients with histologically proven thyroid gland involvement identify as transglottic malignancy with cartilage erosion and extra laryngeal spread.</p><p class="abstract"><strong>Conclusions:</strong> Our study concludes that an ipsilateral hemi-thyroidectomy is probably still indicated in transglottic cancer with cartilage invasion and/or extra laryngeal spread.</p>

scholarly journals The Effect of Contrast-enhanced Computed Tomography (CT) Scans on the Calculated Dose of Radiotherapy in a Thorax Phantom

2021 ◽  
Vol In Press (In Press) ◽  
Author(s):  
Athar Ehtiati ◽  
Payman Hejazi ◽  
Mohsen Bakhshandeh ◽  
Ali Jabbary Arfaee ◽  
Eftekhar Rajab Bolookat ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Computed Tomography ◽  
Contrast Media ◽  
Ct Scan ◽  
Treatment Planning ◽  
Tumor Volume ◽  
Ct Scans ◽  
Contrast Enhanced ◽  
Enhanced Ct ◽  
Enhanced Computed Tomography ◽  
Contrast Enhanced Computed Tomography

Background: Despite the benefits of contrast-enhanced computed tomography (CT) scans in better tumor volume delineation, it can affect the accuracy of dose calculation in radiation therapy. This study examined this effect on a thorax phantom. Objectives: The influence of different variables including the concentrations of the Visipaque contrast media, tumor sizes, and CT scan energies on the dose measurement was examined. Methods: Transparent cylinders containing the contrast media were inserted in the lung area of the phantom and the CT scans were made. Non-enhanced CT scans were also acquired. Treatment planning using 2 opposite fields was performed on the CT scans and the doses were calculated in the treatment planning system. The results of the 2 sets of enhanced and non-enhanced CT scans were compared. Results: The correlation between concentration and the percentage of mean dose of the tumor volume was significant in 2 of the tumor sizes. The differences in the mean doses of the 2 plans were examined and more than 3% increase was observed in higher concentrations of the contrast media. Conclusions: According to this study, the suitable concentration of the contrast media administered and the CT scan energy should be considered. This would help to decrease the discrepancies between the calculated and delivered dose in radiotherapy treatments to a clinically acceptable level. The importance of time delays for CT scans after administration of the contrast media is emphasized.

scholarly journals Assessment of Imaging Performance and Accuracy for the Diagnostic Evaluation of Wilms Tumor in Kids in the ERA of Contrast Based CT Scan with Histopathological Correlation: A Study in Tertiary Care Hospital

2021 ◽  
Vol 6 (10) ◽  
pp. 668-673
Author(s):  
Ashraf Amirali ◽  
Jaideep Darira ◽  
Hina Pathan ◽  
Sorath Murtaza ◽  
Munaza Irshad
Keyword(s):  
Computed Tomography ◽  
Diagnostic Accuracy ◽  
Ct Scan ◽  
Predictive Value ◽  
Gold Standard ◽  
Wilms Tumor ◽  
Diagnostic Evaluation ◽  
Contrast Enhanced ◽  
Enhanced Computed Tomography ◽  
Contrast Enhanced Computed Tomography

The aim of the study is the assessment of accuracy for the diagnostic evaluation of Wilms tumor in the pediatric population in the era of contrast-enhanced CT scan using histopathology as a gold standard. Plain and contrast-enhanced abdominal Computed Tomography including pelvis and chest was performed in suspected patients with multiple axial sections with sagittal and coronal reconstructions. Patients were being followed, data was collected and recorded on proforma after histopathology. The patient's mean age for this study in years was 3.5 ± 1.2. Gender distribution showed 170 patients (54.6%) were male while the remaining 141 patients (45.33%) were female. Contrast-enhanced computed tomography showed sensitivity (90.36%), specificity (51.72%), diagnostic accuracy (72.34%), positive predictive value (68.18%), and negative predictive value (82.42%) confirmed on Histopathology as the gold standard. It is concluded from the results of this study that contrast-enhanced computed tomography proved high diagnostic accuracy positive predictive in the detection of Wilms’ tumor by taking histopathology as the gold standard.

scholarly journals Porcine Ex Vivo Liver Phantom for Dynamic Contrast-Enhanced Computed Tomography

2011 ◽  
Vol 46 (9) ◽  
pp. 586-593 ◽  
Author(s):  
Scott M. Thompson ◽  
Juan C. Ramirez-Giraldo ◽  
Bruce Knudsen ◽  
Joseph P. Grande ◽  
Jodie A. Christner ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Computed Tomography ◽  
Ex Vivo ◽  
Dynamic Contrast Enhanced ◽  
Contrast Enhanced ◽  
Enhanced Computed Tomography ◽  
Liver Phantom ◽  
Contrast Enhanced Computed Tomography

scholarly journals Contrast enhanced computed tomography findings in 105 horse distal extremities.

2021 ◽  
pp. 103704
Author(s):  
Frederik Pauwels ◽  
Angela Hartmann ◽  
John Al-Alawneh ◽  
Paul Wightman ◽  
Jimmy Saunders
Keyword(s):  
Computed Tomography ◽  
Contrast Enhanced ◽  
Enhanced Computed Tomography ◽  
Contrast Enhanced Computed Tomography

scholarly journals Self-navigated 3D whole-heart MRA for non-enhanced surveillance of thoracic aortic dilation: a comparison to CTA

2021 ◽  
Vol 22 (Supplement_1) ◽  
Author(s):  
P Poskaite ◽  
M Pamminger ◽  
C Kranewitter ◽  
C Kremser ◽  
M Reindl ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Computed Tomography ◽  
Image Quality ◽  
Aortic Aneurysm ◽  
Thoracic Aortic Aneurysm ◽  
Aortic Dilation ◽  
Subjective Image Quality ◽  
Contrast Enhanced ◽  
Whole Heart ◽  
Enhanced Computed Tomography ◽  
Contrast Enhanced Computed Tomography

Abstract Funding Acknowledgements Type of funding sources: None. Background The natural history of thoracic aortic aneurysm (TAA) is one of progressive expansion. Asymptomatic patients who do not meet criteria for repair require conservative management including ongoing aneurysm surveillance, mostly carried out by contrast-enhanced computed tomography angiography (CTA). Purpose To prospectively compare image quality and reliability of a prototype non-contrast, self-navigated 3D whole-heart magnetic resonance angiography (MRA) with contrast-enhanced computed tomography angiography (CTA) for sizing of thoracic aortic aneurysm (TAA). Methods Self-navigated 3D whole-heart 1.5 T MRA was performed in 20 patients (aged 67 ± 8.6 years, 75% male) for sizing of TAA; a subgroup of 18 (90%) patients underwent additional contrast-enhanced CTA on the same day. Subjective image quality was scored according to a 4-point Likert scale and ratings between observers were compared by Cohen’s Kappa statistics. Continuous MRA and CTA measurements were analyzed with regression and Bland-Altman analysis. Results Overall subjective image quality as rated by two observers was 1 [interquartile range (IQR) 1-2] for self-navigated MRA and 1.5 [IQR 1-2] for CTA (p = 0.717). For MRA a perfect inter-observer agreement was found for presence of artefacts and subjective image sharpness (κ=1). Subjective signal inhomogeneity correlated highly with objectively quantified inhomogeneity of the blood pool signal (r = 0.78-0.824, all p &lt;0.0001). Maximum diameters of TAA as measured by self-navigated MRA and CTA showed excellent correlation (r = 0.997, p &lt; 0.0001) without significant inter-method bias (bias -0.0278, lower and upper limit of agreement -0.74 and 0.68, p = 0.749). Inter- and intraobserver correlation of aortic aneurysm as measured by MRA was excellent (r = 0.963 and 0.967, respectively) without significant bias (all p ≤ 0.05). Conclusion Self-navigated 3D whole-heart MRA enables reliable contrast- and radiation free aortic dilation surveillance without significant difference to standardized CTA while providing predictable acquisition time and by offering excellent image quality. Abstract Figure.

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