scholarly journals Effectiveness of adenotonsillectomy in resolution of enuresis in children with sleep-disordered breathing: a hospital based prospective cohort study in Dar es Salaam, Tanzania

2019 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. 155
Author(s):  
Zephania S. Abraham ◽  
Aveline A. Kahinga ◽  
Kassim B. Mapondella ◽  
Enica R. Massawe ◽  
Emmanuel Ole Lengine ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cohort Study ◽  
Prospective Cohort Study ◽  
Prospective Cohort ◽  
Nocturnal Enuresis ◽  
Sleep Disordered Breathing ◽  
Dar Es Salaam ◽  
Adenotonsillar Hypertrophy ◽  
History Of ◽  
Disordered Breathing

<p class="abstract"><strong>Background:</strong> Adenotonsillar hypertrophy remains to be the commonest causes of sleep disordered breathing in paediatric patients and has been implicated as a cause of primary and secondary enuresis. The aim of this study was to determine the effectiveness of adenotonsillectomy in resolution of enuresis in children with sleep-disordered breathing.</p><p class="abstract"><strong>Methods:</strong> A hospital based prospective cohort study was conducted at Ekenywa Specialised Hospital in Dar es Salaam, from May 2018 to February 2019. Two hundred children aged 3 to 15 years with obstructive adenotonsillar hypertrophy who were admitted ready to undergo adenotonsillectomy were evaluated. Upon such evaluation, the primary outcome was the number of bedwetting incidents (nocturnal enuresis) post-operatively compared with pre-operative incidents. Patients were kept under follow-up for 3 months. Data were collected using structured questionnaires regarding number of bedwetting incidents, type of enuresis (primary or secondary) and family history of enuresis. Data was analyzed using SPSS version 21 and p-values &lt;0.05 were considered to be statistically significant.  </p><p class="abstract"><strong>Results:</strong> Of 200 children admitted for adenotonsillectomy, 80 (40%) had a positive history of preoperative enuresis, including 35 (43.8%) girls and 45 (56.2%) boys.  All parents for the children consented to participate in the study. Three months after adenotonsillectomy, enuresis had resolved completely in 50 (62.5%) children and had shown relative improvement in 25 (31.3%) children. Enuresis had not improved in the remaining 5 (6.3%) children (p&lt;0.05).</p><p class="abstract"><strong>Conclusions:</strong> Findings from this study indicates that adenotonsillectomy can improve nocturnal enuresis and day-time incontinence in the majority of children with adenotonsillar hypertrophy.</p><p> </p>

scholarly journals Symptoms of Sleep Disordered Breathing and Risk of Cancer: A Prospective Cohort Study

SLEEP ◽  
2013 ◽  
Vol 36 (10) ◽  
pp. 1429-1435 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anne Sofie Christensen ◽  
Alice Clark ◽  
Paula Salo ◽  
Peter Nymann ◽  
Peter Lange ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cohort Study ◽  
Prospective Cohort Study ◽  
Prospective Cohort ◽  
Sleep Disordered Breathing ◽  
Risk Of Cancer ◽  
Disordered Breathing

scholarly journals Sleep-Disordered Breathing and Mortality: A Prospective Cohort Study

PLoS Medicine ◽  
2009 ◽  
Vol 6 (8) ◽  
pp. e1000132 ◽  
Author(s):  
Naresh M. Punjabi ◽  
Brian S. Caffo ◽  
James L. Goodwin ◽  
Daniel J. Gottlieb ◽  
Anne B. Newman ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cohort Study ◽  
Prospective Cohort Study ◽  
Prospective Cohort ◽  
Sleep Disordered Breathing ◽  
Disordered Breathing

scholarly journals Strategies to maximise study retention and limit attrition bias in a prospective cohort study of men reporting a history of injecting drug use released from prison: The Prison and Transition Health study

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ashleigh Cara Stewart ◽  
Reece Cossar ◽  
Shelley Walker ◽  
Anna Lee Wilkinson ◽  
Brendan Quinn ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cohort Study ◽  
Drug Use ◽  
Prospective Cohort Study ◽  
Prospective Cohort ◽  
Injecting Drug Use ◽  
Health Study ◽  
Attrition Bias ◽  
History Of ◽  
Baseline Characteristics

Abstract Background There are significant challenges associated with studies of people released from custodial settings, including loss to follow-up in the community. Interpretation of findings with consideration of differences between those followed up and those not followed up is critical in the development of evidence-informed policies and practices. We describe attrition bias in the Prison and Transition Health (PATH) prospective cohort study, and strategies employed to minimise attrition.Methods PATH involves 400 men with a history of injecting drug use recruited from three prisons in Victoria, Australia. Four interviews were conducted: one pre-release (‘baseline’) and three interviews at approximately 3, 12, and 24 months post-release (‘follow-up’). We assessed differences in baseline characteristics between those retained and not retained in the study, using two-sample tests of proportions and t-tests.Results Most participants (85%) completed at least one follow-up interview and 162 (42%) completed all three follow-up interviews. Retained participants were younger than those lost to follow-up (mean diff − 3.1 years, 95% CI -5.3, -0.9). There were no other statistically significant differences observed in baseline characteristics.Conclusion The high proportion of participants retained in the PATH cohort study via comprehensive follow-up procedures, coupled with extensive record linkage to a range of administrative datasets, is a considerable strength of the study. Our findings highlight how strategic and comprehensive follow-up procedures, frequent contact with participants and secondary contacts, and established working relationships with the relevant government departments can improve study retention and potentially minimise attrition bias.

scholarly journals Incidence of perioperative sleep-disordered breathing in patients undergoing major surgery: a prospective cohort study

2014 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 13 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jens Roggenbach ◽  
Patrick Saur ◽  
Stefan Hofer ◽  
Thomas Bruckner ◽  
Michael Preusch ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cohort Study ◽  
Prospective Cohort Study ◽  
Prospective Cohort ◽  
Sleep Disordered Breathing ◽  
Major Surgery ◽  
Disordered Breathing

scholarly journals Prospective cohort study showing persistent HSV-2 shedding in women with genital herpes 2 years after acquisition

2017 ◽  
Vol 94 (8) ◽  
pp. 568-570 ◽  
Author(s):  
Meena Ramchandani ◽  
Stacy Selke ◽  
Amalia Magaret ◽  
Gail Barnum ◽  
Meei-Li Wu Huang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cohort Study ◽  
Prospective Cohort Study ◽  
Prospective Cohort ◽  
Initial Study ◽  
Viral Shedding ◽  
History Of ◽  
Simplex Virus ◽  
Study Participants ◽  
Over Time

ObjectivesHerpes simplex virus type 2 (HSV-2) is a prevalent infection with great variability in clinical and virological manifestations among individuals. This prospective cohort study aims to evaluate the natural history of HSV-2 reactivation in the genital area in the same group of women over time.MethodsEighteen immunocompetent HSV-2 seropositive women were evaluated for viral shedding for 70 consecutive days within a median of 8 months (range 1–24 months) of HSV-2 acquisition and again approximately 2.5 years later from the original study. Participants obtained daily swabs of genital secretions for HSV PCR and recorded genital symptoms.ResultsThe viral shedding rate was 29% during the initial study and 19% in the follow-up study (32% reduction, P=0.019). Subclinical shedding rate also decreased from 24% to 13% (37% reduction, P=0.032), as did the rate of days with genital lesions from 22% to 15% (33% reduction, P=0.24). The mean copy number during viral shedding remained unchanged over time at 4.8 log10 c/mL (SD=2.0 and 1.6 during each study, respectively, P=0.33). Women with high viral shedding rates in the past were likely to continue to have high shedding rates (r=0.63, P=0.005).ConclusionsDespite some reduction, high viral shedding rates persist in women with genital HSV-2 greater than 2 years after acquisition.

scholarly journals Pelvic pain and early IUD discontinuation: a prospective cohort study

2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (3) ◽  
pp. 792
Author(s):  
Sharon R. Gerber ◽  
Noah Natell ◽  
Nora Doty ◽  
Xiaoyu Liu ◽  
Jessica R. Overbey ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factor ◽  
Cohort Study ◽  
Prospective Cohort Study ◽  
Pelvic Pain ◽  
Prospective Cohort ◽  
Intrauterine Device ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
History Of ◽  
One Year

Background: The aim of the study is to assess if pelvic pain is a risk factor for intrauterine device (IUD) discontinuation within one year of placement.Methods: This is a prospective cohort study of women who had IUDs inserted at a family planning office for the primary intent of contraception. Baseline pelvic pain characteristics were assessed using a validated pelvic pain questionnaire.  Women were contacted at 1 year to assess IUD continuation.Results: From February 1, 2014 to August 11, 2015 authors enrolled a sample of 179 women.  Of the 179 enrolled,163 participants completed the questionnaire, 98 reported a history of baseline pelvic pain and 65 reported no history of baseline pelvic pain. 20 participants were lost to follow-up. 86 women in the pelvic pain and 57 in the no pelvic pain group were included in the final analysis. Discontinuation rates at one year follow up were 25.6% (22) and 35.1% (20) respectively. There was no significant difference in those with and without pelvic pain discontinuing IUDs at one year (p = 0.22).Conclusions: Baseline generalized pelvic pain may not be a risk factor for IUD discontinuation within one year of placement.

scholarly journals Sleep-disordered breathing is a risk factor for delirium after cardiac surgery: a prospective cohort study

Critical Care ◽  
2014 ◽  
Vol 18 (5) ◽  
Author(s):  
Jens Roggenbach ◽  
Marvin Klamann ◽  
Rebecca von Haken ◽  
Thomas Bruckner ◽  
Matthias Karck ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cardiac Surgery ◽  
Risk Factor ◽  
Cohort Study ◽  
Prospective Cohort Study ◽  
Prospective Cohort ◽  
Sleep Disordered Breathing ◽  
Disordered Breathing
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