Morphometric study of human placenta and an insight into its vascular pattern by corrosion cast technique

: The placenta is a chorioallantoic, deciduate, haemochorial and villous organ. It is a vital organ which transfers vital nutrients from the mother to the foetus and removes waste products from the foetus to the mother. There has been paucity of literature regarding the morphometric study of human placenta and its vascular pattern (magisterial or dispersed) by corrosion cast technique. Therefore, the present study was conducted on morphometry and vascular pattern of the human placentae.: To do the morphological and morphometric study of placenta and to study the vascular pattern of placenta by corrosion cast technique. Study was done on 43 placentae and its morphometric study and vascular pattern were studied by corrosion cast technique.: Oval was the most common shape of placenta observed in the present study. Out of 43 placentae, 22(51.16%) had oval, 16(37.20%) placentae had round shape followed by triangular in 3(6.97%) placentae. Only 1 (2.32%) placenta each found to be irregular and multilobed. Most common shape recorded in complicated pregnancy was oval followed by round. Magisterial pattern was found in 13.95% of placenta and was associated with oval shape constituting 25.58% of placentae. Mixed pattern was seen in 18.60% placentae and was associated with oval placentae(23.25%). The disperse pattern was seen in 4.65% and was associated with oval and irregular placentae each constituting(2.32%).: The vascular cast preparation of placentae in our study will further help in contribution towards the understanding of the placental vasculature. An effort should be made for performing more studies on placentae of complicated pregnancies eg: hypertension and diabetes etc.

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Evidence for a quantitative genetic influence on the formation of aortic valves with two leaflets in the Syrian hamster

Cardiology in the Young ◽

10.1017/s1047951100001396 ◽

1993 ◽

Vol 3 (2) ◽

pp. 132-140 ◽

Cited By ~ 18

Author(s):

Valentín Sans-Coma ◽

Manuel Cardo ◽

Ana C. Durán ◽

Diego Franco ◽

Borja Fernández ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Aortic Valve ◽

Inbreeding Coefficient ◽

Quantitative Inheritance ◽

Histologic Study ◽

Aortic Valves ◽

Aortic Sinus ◽

Quantitative Genetic ◽

Corrosion Cast ◽

The Right ◽

Cast Technique

SummaryWe studied the morphology of the aortic valves of 1,036 Syrian hamsters belonging to two families subjected to high endogamous pressure. Most (n=955) specimens were examined using a corrosion-cast technique. In the remaining 81 specimens, valvar morphology was assessed by means of a stereomicroscope, and in 18 of these cases a histologic study was also performed. In one of the families, a high proportion (30.5%) of hamsters had aortic valves with two leaflets, the aortic sinuses being oriented ventrodorsally. The percentage of such anomalous valves was found to be positively correlated with the inbreeding coefficient of specimens. In the other family, the occurrence of an aortic valve with two leaflets was a sporadic event. Stereoscopic and histologic observations demonstrated that, in 52 of 63 aortic valves with three leaflets, the ventral commissure between the right and left leaflets was partially fused, while in 10 other cases this commissure was completely fused. In addition, in nine of 18 aortic valves with two leaflets, there was a more or less well-developed raphe located in the ventral aortic sinus, approximately where the true ventral commissure would have been. Our observations suggest the existence of a continuous spectrum of aortic valvar morphology, ranging from a valve with three leaflets and no fusion of the ventral commissure to an aortic valve with two leaflets devoid of any raphe. This spectrum seems to be the result of the interaction of genetic and intrauterine environmental factors. Results of crosses between both related and unrelated hamsters suggest that the observed morphology in individuals is the result of quantitative inheritance.

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Macroscopic Study of Celiac, Cranial Mesenteric and Caudal Mesenteric Arteries in the European Hare

Folia Veterinaria ◽

10.2478/fv-2018-0001 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 62 (1) ◽

pp. 5-10

Author(s):

S. Flešárová ◽

D. Maženský

Keyword(s):

Abdominal Aorta ◽

Vascular Network ◽

Mesenteric Arteries ◽

Corrosion Casting ◽

Branching Pattern ◽

European Hare ◽

The Third ◽

Corrosion Cast ◽

Cast Technique

Abstract The aim of this paper was to describe the branching schema of the ventral branches of the abdominal aorta: the a. celiaca, the a. mesenterica cranialis and the a. mesenterica caudalis. The study was carried out on nine adult European hares using the corrosion cast technique. After the euthanasia, the vascular network was perfused with saline. Batson’s corrosion casting kit No. 17 was used as a casting medium. After polymerisation of the medium, the maceration was carried out in KOH solution. In all specimens, the first branch originating from the a. celiaca was the a. lienalis. The a. hepatica was present as the second branch in four cases and as the third branch also in four cases. The first branch of the a. mesenterica cranialis was the a. colica media in seven cases. The second branch was represented by the a. pancreaticoduodenalis caudalis also in seven cases. Two aa. jejunales originated as the third branch. In seven cases, the fourth branch formed the truncus jejunalis and the fifth branch the a. ileocecalis. The a. mesenterica caudalis had a uniform arrangement in all of the specimens. The results enabled us to conclude that there was higher variability of the branching pattern of the a. celiaca in comparison with the a. mesenterica cranialis and the a. mesenterica caudalis in the European hare.

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MORPHOLOGICAL AND MORPHOMETRIC STUDY OF FORAMEN MAGNUM IN DRIED HUMAN SKULL BONES OF NORTH-WEST INDIAN REGION

International Journal of Anatomy and Research ◽

10.16965/ijar.2020.217 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 8 (4.1) ◽

pp. 7777-7781

Author(s):

Suresh Sharma ◽

◽

Sakshi Mathur ◽

Puneet Joshi ◽

Upendra Kumar Gupta ◽

...

Keyword(s):

West Indian ◽

Craniovertebral Junction ◽

Foramen Magnum ◽

Morphometric Study ◽

Transverse Diameter ◽

North West ◽

Important Landmark ◽

Cranial Fossa ◽

The Mean ◽

Common Shape

Background: The Foramen Magnum is communication between vertebral canal and posterior cranial fossa and important landmark to key structures such as brain, spinal cord, vertebral arteries. Anatomical knowledge of the foramen magnum is significant for understanding the pathophysiology of various disorders of the craniovertebral junction as well as for planning surgical procedures. Materials and Methods: The study was conducted on 62 dry skulls of unknown gender obtained from the Department of Anatomy. The shape of foramen magnum was classified as oval, round, tetragonal, pentagonal, hexagonal and irregular in shape and measurements like anterio-posterior diameter and transverse diameter of foramen magnum were taken using the Digital Vernier sliding caliper. Results: In the present study most common shape was oval in 22 (35.48%) skulls, followed by Egg shape in 12 (19.35%) skulls and least common pentagonal shape in 1(1.61%) skulls. In our study the mean anteroposterior diameter was 34.17 mm. and mean transverse diameter was observed to be 28.86 mm. Conclusion: Results of our present study may help in neurosurgeons, orthopedicians, radiologist and anesthetist in North West indian population. KEY WORDS: foramen magnum, skull, transverse diameter, oval.

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USE OF CORROSION CASTS OF RENAL VASCULATURE FOR UG TEACHING

International Journal of Medical and Biomedical Studies ◽

10.32553/ijmbs.v4i3.1057 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 4 (3) ◽

Author(s):

Tripti Shrivastava ◽

B Subhash ◽

A Banerjee

Keyword(s):

Knowledge Acquisition ◽

Blood Vessels ◽

Three Dimensional ◽

Spatial Relationship ◽

Dimensional Structure ◽

Corrosion Casts ◽

Renal Vasculature ◽

Cast Material ◽

Corrosion Cast ◽

Cast Technique

Introduction: The internal three-dimensional structure of organs and patterns of blood vessels is complex and it is often difficult for medical students to visualize and interpret them. The corrosion cast technique is used to study the vascular patterns in kidney as it is one of the powerful tools with anatomical accuracy and durability. Aim: Preparation of corrosion casts of kidney using CAB (cellulose acetyl butyrate) granules for greater understanding of the spatial relationship of renal vasculature Objectives To accelerate knowledge acquisition To determine student’s perception to the utility of corrosion casts of kidney in UG teaching Methodology: Corrosion cast technique involves injection of the cast material (CAB granules) dissolved in acetone into the renal vessels. Gradually, the volatile solvent evaporates and the solute solidifies inside the vessel forming solid permanent cast. The unwanted tissues are then washed away using corrosive agents like conc HCl resulting in three-dimensional representation of blood vessels. The UG students were divided in 2 groups randomly having 50 students each. Half of the total participants received teaching lessons through a lecture discussing renal blood supply using corrosion casts while the rest with 2D images. The other aspects of teaching session, including content, teaching slides were kept identical in both batches. Crossing over was done. Results & Conclusion: Post session questionnaires were applied to assess knowledge acquisition and learner satisfaction. Feedback was taken of student’s perception on the utility of corrosion casts as an effective teaching – learning method. Analysis of feedback was done. Corrosion casts enhance the student’s skills in spatial visualisation of complex vascular relationships. This can be used for other topics as well. Keywords: corrosion casts, kidney, feedback

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