scholarly journals X-Ray Diffraction and Raman Spectroscopic Studies of Glasses and Glass-Ceramics Inside the A2O-MoO3-Nb2O5-P2O5 (A= Li, Na) Systems

2010 ◽  
Vol 12 (3,4) ◽  
pp. 207
Author(s):  
H. Bih ◽  
L. Bih ◽  
M.P.F. Graça ◽  
M.A. Valente ◽  
B. Elouadi
Keyword(s):  
Glass Ceramics ◽  
Spectroscopic Studies ◽  
Phosphate Glasses ◽  
Molar Ratio ◽  
Thermal Treatments ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Raman Spectroscopic ◽  
Heat Treated ◽  
Quenching Method

<p>Phosphate glasses in the system (50-x)A<sub>2</sub>O-xMoO<sub>3</sub>-10Nb<sub>2</sub>O<sub>5</sub>-40P<sub>2</sub>O<sub>5</sub> (AMo-40), with x=0; 30 and A=Li or Na were prepared by the melt quenching method. The effect in the crystallization behaviour of the glass due to the introduction of MoO<sub>3</sub> in the glass composition and varying the molar ratio between network modifiers and network formers (M/F) was studied. The prepared glasses were heat-treated in air, at 550, 600 and 650 ºC for 4 hours. The structure, of the obtained samples, was studied by differential thermal analysis (DTA), X-ray powder diffraction (XRD), Raman spectroscopy and the morphology by scanning electron microscopy (SEM). It was found that the replacement of Li<sub>2</sub>O or Na<sub>2</sub>O by MoO<sub>3</sub> reduces the number of the crystallised phases. In the lithium-niobiophosphate glasses the presence of MoO<sub>3</sub> promotes the formation of NbOPO<sub>4</sub> and reduces the formation of ortho- and pyro-phosphate phases. The thermal treatments affect the arrangements of the network structure of the AMo-40-glasses.</p>

scholarly journals Raman Spectroscopy, X-Ray, SEM, and DTA Analysis of Alkali-Phosphate Glasses ContainingWO3and Nb2O5

2013 ◽  
Vol 2013 ◽  
pp. 1-10 ◽  
Author(s):  
L. Bih ◽  
M. Azrour ◽  
B. Manoun ◽  
M. P. F. Graça ◽  
M. A. Valente
Keyword(s):  
Raman Spectroscopy ◽  
Phosphate Glasses ◽  
Molar Ratio ◽  
Thermal Treatments ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Heat Treated ◽  
Alkaline Oxide ◽  
Molar Amount ◽  
Dta Analysis ◽  
Quenching Method

New phosphate glasses in the quaternary system (50-x) A2O-xWO3-10 Nb2O5-40 P2O5, withx= 0; 30 and A = Li or Na were prepared by the melt quenching method. The effect on the crystallization behaviour of the glass due to the introduction of WO3into the glass composition and, consequently, the diminishing of the molar amount of the alkaline oxide and the decreasing of the molar ratio between network modifiers and network formers (M/F) was studied. The prepared glasses were heat-treated in air, at 550°C, 600°C, and 650°C for 4 hours. The structure, of the obtained samples, was studied by differential thermal analysis (DTA), X-ray powder diffraction (XRD), and Raman spectroscopy and the morphology by scanning electron microscopy (SEM). It was found that the replacement of Li2O or Na2O by WO3reduces the number of the crystallised phases. In the lithium-niobiophosphate glasses, the presence of WO3promotes the formation of NbOPO4instead of the LiNbO3phase and reduces the formation of ortho- and pyro-phosphate phases. The thermal treatments affect the arrangements of the network structure of the AW40-glasses.

scholarly journals Five-fold twinned β-PbF2 nanocrystals in oxyfluoride glass ceramics

RSC Advances ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 8 (71) ◽  
pp. 40787-40793 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yuao Guo ◽  
Lijuan Zhao ◽  
Yuting Fu ◽  
Pan Dong ◽  
Liying Guo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Glass Ceramics ◽  
Lanthanide Ions ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
Oxyfluoride Glass ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Trivalent Lanthanide ◽  
Quenching Method

Oxyfluoride glass ceramics (GCs) doped with trivalent lanthanide ions (Ln3+) have been prepared using a conventional melting–quenching method and studied by X-ray diffraction (XRD).

scholarly journals X-ray diffraction and Raman spectroscopic studies of Zn-substituted carrboydite-like compounds

2006 ◽  
Vol 100 (1) ◽  
pp. 174-186 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yu-Hsiang Lin ◽  
Moses O. Adebajo ◽  
J. Theo Kloprogge ◽  
Wayde N. Martens ◽  
Ray L. Frost
Keyword(s):  
Spectroscopic Studies ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Raman Spectroscopic

Immobilisation of Simulated Plutonium-Contaminated Material in Phosphate Glass: An Initial Scoping Study

2006 ◽  
Vol 932 ◽  
Author(s):  
Paul A. Bingham ◽  
Russell J. Hand ◽  
Charlie R. Scales
Keyword(s):  
Phosphate Glass ◽  
Glass Matrix ◽  
Glass Ceramics ◽  
Additional Benefit ◽  
Phosphate Glasses ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Pu Isotopes ◽  
Waste Loading ◽  
Low Levels

ABSTRACTVitrification is a potential route for the immobilisation of Plutonium Contaminated Material (PCM). This is an Intermediate Level Waste (ILW) arising from operations in which there is contact with Pu isotopes. PCM consists of low levels of Pu combined with metals, masonry, glass, ceramics, polymers and other carbonaceous materials. Simulated PCM containing CeO2 as a PuO2 surrogate was mixed with a phosphate precursor and vitrified. Pre-oxidation of PCM simulant prior to vitrification minimised the violence of batch reactions. No pre-oxidation produced inhomogeneous slag-like materials with high residual metals and particulates. Pre-oxidation at 600°C in air and at 1200°C in an O2-rich atmosphere produced more favourable results, with increasingly vitreous products resulting from more oxidised PCM simulant. The most oxidised PCM simulant produced phosphate glasses with low levels of particulate inclusions, as confirmed by x-ray diffraction and scanning electron microscopy. Particulates included iron-rich metallics and aluminous oxides. Increased melting times and temperatures may have reduced the number of inclusions slightly, but O2 bubbling during melting resulted in little additional benefit. Waste loading equivalent to ∼60 weight % of untreated waste may be possible. There was little evidence of Ce partitioning, indicating that it was immobilised within the glass matrix and had little preference for metallic or crystalline phases. These results demonstrate the potential feasibility for vitrification of PCM in phosphate glass, justifying further investigation into this potentially novel solution.

Raman Spectroscopic and X-ray Diffraction Studies on Concentrated Aqueous Zinc (II) Bromide Solution at High Temperatures

1992 ◽  
Vol 47 (3) ◽  
pp. 485-492 ◽  
Author(s):  
Toshiyuki Takamuku ◽  
Mikito Ihara ◽  
Toshio Yamaguchi ◽  
Hisanobu Wakita
Keyword(s):  
Diffraction Data ◽  
Broad Band ◽  
Molar Ratio ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Raman Spectroscopic ◽  
X Ray Scattering ◽  
Bromide Solution ◽  
Stretching Vibration ◽  
Increasing Temperature

Abstract Raman and X-ray scattering experiments have been performed on an aqueous zinc (II) bromide solution with molar ratio [ H2 0] / [ ZnBr2 ] =10 at 25 to 140 °C. The intensity of the totally symmetric Zn - Br stretching vibration (ν1) for the dibromozinc(II) complex increased with increasing temperature while that for the tetrabromo complex decreased. A broad band assigned to the symmetric Zn - O stretching vibration ( ν1 ) for the aqua zinc (II) ion decreased in intensity with increasing temperature. The X-ray diffraction data revealed that the average number of the Zn - Br interactions within the zinc (II) bromo complexes does not change with temperature, whereas the number of Br ··· Br nonbonding interactions within the complexes decreases from 1.8 at 25 °C to 1.5 at 100 °C. From both Raman and X-ray data it is concluded that with increasing temperature the dibromo species is favored, whereas the tetrabromo and aqua zinc(II) species are unstable in the solution. The analysis of the X-ray diffraction data has shown that the mean Zn - Br bond length within the zinc (II) bromo complexes shortens gradually with increasing temperature, accompanied with an increase in the interligand Br ···Br distance. This finding suggests that the Br - Zn - Br bond angle increases with decreasing Zn - Br distance for the lower zinc(II) bromo complexes. The equilibrium shift of the zinc (II) bromo complexes with temperature is discussed on the basis of ion-ion, ion-water, and water-water interactions

Investigations on electrical conduction properties and crystallization conditions of V2O5-P2O5 glass based semiconductors

2013 ◽  
Vol 1494 ◽  
pp. 215-219
Author(s):  
Akifumi Matsuda ◽  
Takuya Aoyagi ◽  
Takashi Naito ◽  
Tadashi Fujieda ◽  
Kenjiro Ikejiri ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
High Vacuum ◽  
Potential Candidate ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
Melt Quenching ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Heat Treated ◽  
Crystallization Conditions ◽  
Quenching Method ◽  
Vanadate Glasses ◽  
Conduction Properties

ABSTRACTWe studied the electrical properties of thermally treated V2O5-CuO-Fe2O3-P2O5 (vanadate) glasses under reducing high-vacuum conditions. The glasses were prepared by using a melt-quenching method and then applied on Al2O3 substrates as ∼40μm-thick films. The glass films were then heat treated at 375−550°C under a vacuum of 10−6 Pa. Powder X-ray diffraction showed the formation of complex oxides of both MxV2O5 (M = Cu, Fe; x = 0.12−1.3) and vanadium oxides (VOx; x = 1.5−2.5). The resistivity of the glass film crystallized at 550°C measured at 50°C and 300°C were 1.8 × 100 Ωcm and 2.8 × 10−1 Ωcm, respectively, which was 10 times lower than that of the film crystallized in air. The Seebeck coefficient was −132 μV/K at 50°C and −130 μV/K at 300°C. These results show that the vanadate glasses crystallized under the appropriate condition become potential candidate materials for semiconductor and thermoelectric application.

Structural Properties of Erbium Doped Tellurite Glass Embedded with Natural Ferrite Oxide Nanoparticles

2017 ◽  
Vol 268 ◽  
pp. 177-180 ◽  
Author(s):  
Puzi Anigrahawati ◽  
Md Rahim Sahar
Keyword(s):  
Wave Number ◽  
Oxide Nanoparticles ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Raman Spectroscopic ◽  
Trigonal Bipyramidal ◽  
Erbium Doped ◽  
Amorphous Nature ◽  
Glassy Materials ◽  
Quenching Method

Natural ferrite oxide nanoparticles (NPs) embed with tellurite glasses ((89-x) TeO2-10ZnO-1Er2O3-(x)Fe3O4, (x = 0 – 0.8 mol %)) were prepared by conventional melt quenching method to study the influence of the Fe3O4 NPs concentration on the stuctural properties of the glass. Studies on these glassy materials characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) and RAMAN spectroscopic measurements are presented. It is observed that the amorphous nature of the glass is confirmed by x-ray diffraction. The FTIR studies support the formation of Te-O-Fe linkages. The FTIR spectra reveal modification in network structures evidenced from vibrational wave-number shifts of TeO4 and TeO3 structural units. Raman spectroscopy have been manipulated to observe the structural modification of [TeO4] trigonal bipyramidal structural unit.

Synthesis of Zn1–xMgxO and its structural characterization

2001 ◽  
Vol 16 (4) ◽  
pp. 903-906 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. S. Tomar ◽  
R. Melgarejo ◽  
P. S. Dobal ◽  
R. S. Katiyar
Keyword(s):  
Crystal Structure ◽  
Spin Coating ◽  
Optoelectronic Devices ◽  
Spectroscopic Studies ◽  
Structural Behavior ◽  
Material System ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Raman Spectroscopic ◽  
Mg Substitution

Zn1–xMgxO is an important material for optoelectronic devices. We synthesized this material using a solution-based route. We investigated in detail the structural behavior of this material system using x-ray diffraction and Raman spectroscopy. Mg substitution up to x ≈ 0.10 does not change the crystal structure, as revealed by x-ray diffraction and Raman spectroscopic studies. This synthesis route is also suitable to prepare thin films by spin coating with the possibility of p and n doping.

Experimental Considerations and Limitations in the Application of Ultra High Temperature (2100°C) X-Ray Diffraction

1991 ◽  
Vol 35 (A) ◽  
pp. 425-429
Author(s):  
Sampath S. Iyengar
Keyword(s):  
High Temperature ◽  
Crystalline Material ◽  
Thermal Treatments ◽  
Ceramic Fibers ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Controlled Atmospheres ◽  
Heat Treated ◽  
Multiple Samples

In-situ, high temperature X-ray diffraction (XRD) is an extremely useful tool for studying, monitoring or investigating crystal structure modifications as well as phase transformations in crystalline material during thermal treatments in controlled atmospheres. This technique has been used to investigate the thermal behavior of materials such as carbonate minerals, ceramic fibers, coating pigments, etc. The advantages of such a technique over the conventional practice, where samples are heat treated in a separate oven and then analyzed by XRD include: consistency of sample placement; preservation of high temperature structures to facilitate observation of metastable phases that are unstable upon exposure to outside atmosphere or during cooling; real time monitoring of reactions that occur, and products that are formed at a desired temperature or environment; and need for multiple samples or analysis.

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