Promising vehicules for intraocular drug delivery

The treatment of the posterior-segment ocular diseases, such as age-related eye diseases (AMD) or diabetic retinopathy (DR), present a challenge for ophthalmologists due to the complex anatomy and physiology of the eye. This specialized organ is composed of various static and dynamic barriers that restrict drug delivery into the target site of action. Despite numerous efforts, effective intraocular drug delivery remains unresolved and, therefore, it is highly desirable to improve the current treatments of diseases affecting the posterior cavity. This review article gives an overview of pharmacokinetic and biopharmaceutics aspects for the most commonly-used ocular administration routes (intravitreal, topical, systemic, and periocular), including information of the absorption, distribution, and elimination, as well as the benefits and limitations of each one. This article also encompasses different conventional and novel drug delivery systems designed and developed to improve drug pharmacokinetics intended for the posterior ocular segment treatment.

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Nanospheres Delivering the EGFR TKI AG1478 Promote Optic Nerve Regeneration: The Role of Size for Intraocular Drug Delivery

ACS Nano ◽

10.1021/nn103146p ◽

2011 ◽

Vol 5 (6) ◽

pp. 4392-4400 ◽

Cited By ~ 17

Author(s):

Rebecca Robinson ◽

Stephen R. Viviano ◽

Jason M. Criscione ◽

Cicely A. Williams ◽

Lin Jun ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Drug Delivery ◽

Optic Nerve ◽

Nerve Regeneration ◽

Optic Nerve Regeneration ◽

Intraocular Drug Delivery ◽

Egfr Tki

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Doxycycline-terminable intraocular drug delivery device

10.5353/th_991044146774603414 ◽

2019 ◽

Author(s):

Kin Tsang

Keyword(s):

Drug Delivery ◽

Delivery Device ◽

Drug Delivery Device ◽

Intraocular Drug Delivery

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Critical Assessment of Implantable Drug Delivery Devices in Glaucoma Management

Journal of Drug Delivery ◽

10.1155/2013/895013 ◽

2013 ◽

Vol 2013 ◽

pp. 1-12 ◽

Cited By ~ 15

Author(s):

Dharani Manickavasagam ◽

Moses O. Oyewumi

Keyword(s):

Drug Delivery ◽

Ganglion Cells ◽

Drug Stability ◽

Unmet Need ◽

Delivery Systems ◽

Therapeutic Interventions ◽

Future Research ◽

Drug Bioavailability ◽

Intraocular Drug Delivery ◽

Drug Delivery Devices

Glaucoma is a group of heterogeneous disorders involving progressive optic neuropathy that can culminate into visual impairment and irreversible blindness. Effective therapeutic interventions must address underlying vulnerability of retinal ganglion cells (RGCs) to degeneration in conjunction with correcting other associated risk factors (such as elevated intraocular pressure). However, realization of therapeutic outcomes is heavily dependent on suitable delivery system that can overcome myriads of anatomical and physiological barriers to intraocular drug delivery. Development of clinically viable sustained release systems in glaucoma is a widely recognized unmet need. In this regard, implantable delivery systems may relieve the burden of chronic drug administration while potentially ensuring high intraocular drug bioavailability. Presently there are no FDA-approved implantable drug delivery devices for glaucoma even though there are several ongoing clinical studies. The paper critically assessed the prospects of polymeric implantable delivery systems in glaucoma while identifying factors that can dictate (a) patient tolerability and acceptance, (b) drug stability and drug release profiles, (c) therapeutic efficacy, and (d) toxicity and biocompatibility. The information gathered could be useful in future research and development efforts on implantable delivery systems in glaucoma.

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