scholarly journals Random Parameters and Spatial Heterogeneity using Rchoice in R

REGION ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-19
Author(s):  
Mauricio Sarrias
Keyword(s):  
Spatial Heterogeneity ◽  
Random Parameters ◽  
Varying Coefficients ◽  
Micro Level ◽  
Modeling Strategy ◽  
Spatially Varying ◽  
Geographical Space

This study focus on models with spatially varying coefficients using simulations.  As shown by Sarrias (2019), this modeling strategy is intended to complement the existing approaches by using variables at micro level and by adding flexibility and realism to the potential domain of the coefficient on the geographical space. Spatial heterogeneity is modelled by allowing the parameters associated with each observed variable to vary “randomly” across space according to some distribution. To show the main advantages of this modeling strategy, the Rchoice package in R is used.

scholarly journals Extending multilevel spatial models to include spatially varying coefficients

2019 ◽  
Vol 60 ◽  
pp. 102235 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mark Janko ◽  
Varun Goel ◽  
Michael Emch
Keyword(s):  
Spatial Models ◽  
Varying Coefficients ◽  
Spatially Varying

scholarly journals Using an Eigenvector Spatial Filtering-Based Spatially Varying Coefficient Model to Analyze the Spatial Heterogeneity of COVID-19 and Its Influencing Factors in Mainland China

2022 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 67
Author(s):  
Meijie Chen ◽  
Yumin Chen ◽  
John P. Wilson ◽  
Huangyuan Tan ◽  
Tianyou Chu
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Health Risk ◽  
Spatial Heterogeneity ◽  
Influencing Factors ◽  
Mainland China ◽  
Spatial Filtering ◽  
Varying Coefficient Model ◽  
Health Risk Factors ◽  
Eigenvector Spatial Filtering ◽  
Spatially Varying

The COVID-19 pandemic has led to many deaths and economic disruptions across the world. Several studies have examined the effect of corresponding health risk factors in different places, but the problem of spatial heterogeneity has not been adequately addressed. The purpose of this paper was to explore how selected health risk factors are related to the pandemic infection rate within different study extents and to reveal the spatial varying characteristics of certain health risk factors. An eigenvector spatial filtering-based spatially varying coefficient model (ESF-SVC) was developed to find out how the influence of selected health risk factors varies across space and time. The ESF-SVC was able to take good control of over-fitting problems compared with ordinary least square (OLS), eigenvector spatial filtering (ESF) and geographically weighted regression (GWR) models, with a higher adjusted R2 and lower cross validation RMSE. The impact of health risk factors varied as the study extent changed: In Hubei province, only population density and wind speed showed significant spatially constant impact; while in mainland China, other factors including migration score, building density, temperature and altitude showed significant spatially varying impact. The influence of migration score was less contributive and less significant in cities around Wuhan than cities further away, while altitude showed a stronger contribution to the decrease of infection rates in high altitude cities. The temperature showed mixed correlation as time passed, with positive and negative coefficients at 2.42 °C and 8.17 °C, respectively. This study could provide a feasible path to improve the model fit by considering the problem of spatial autocorrelation and heterogeneity that exists in COVID-19 modeling. The yielding ESF-SVC coefficients could also provide an intuitive method for discovering the different impacts of influencing factors across space in large study areas. It is hoped that these findings improve public and governmental awareness of potential health risks and therefore influence epidemic control strategies.

scholarly journals Pulse Solutions for an Extended Klausmeier Model with Spatially Varying Coefficients

2020 ◽  
Vol 19 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-57 ◽  
Author(s):  
Robbin Bastiaansen ◽  
Martina Chirilus-Bruckner ◽  
Arjen Doelman
Keyword(s):  
Varying Coefficients ◽  
Spatially Varying

scholarly journals Spatial Heterogeneity in the Determinants of Urban Form: An Analysis of Chinese Cities with a GWR Approach

2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
pp. 479 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shijie Li ◽  
Chunshan Zhou ◽  
Shaojian Wang ◽  
Shuang Gao ◽  
Zhitao Liu
Keyword(s):  
Spatial Heterogeneity ◽  
Urban Form ◽  
Urban Expansion ◽  
Coastal Region ◽  
Policy Implications ◽  
Urban Systems ◽  
Theoretical Understanding ◽  
Chinese Cities ◽  
Shape Irregularity ◽  
Spatially Varying

It is of great significance to investigate the determinants of urban form for shaping sustainable urban form. Previous studies generally assumed the determinants of urban form did not vary across spatial units, without taking spatial heterogeneity into account. In order to advance the theoretical understanding of the determinants of urban form, this study attempted to examine the spatial heterogeneity in the determinants of urban form for 289 Chinese prefecture-level cities using a geographically weighted regression (GWR) method. The results revealed the spatially varying relationship between urban form and its underlying factors. Population growth was found to promote urban expansion in most Chinese cities, and decrease urban compactness in part of the Chinese cities. Cities with larger administrative areas were more likely to have dispersed urban form. Industrialization was demonstrated to have no impact on urban expansion in cities located in the eastern coastal region of China, which constitutes the country’s most developed regions. Local financial revenue was found to accelerate urban expansion and increase urban shape irregularity in many Chines cities. It was found that fixed investment exerted a bidirectional impact on urban expansion. In addition, urban road networks and public transit were also identified as the determinants of urban form for some cities, which supported the complex urban systems (CUS) theory. The policy implications emerging from this study lies in shaping sustainable urban form for China’s decision makers and urban planners.

scholarly journals Scalable Model Selection for Spatial Additive Mixed Modeling: Application to Crime Analysis

2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (10) ◽  
pp. 577
Author(s):  
Daisuke Murakami ◽  
Mami Kajita ◽  
Seiji Kajita
Keyword(s):  
Big Data ◽  
Model Selection ◽  
Regression Models ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Spatial Regression ◽  
Varying Coefficients ◽  
Model Selection Approach ◽  
Selection Approach ◽  
Spatial Regression Models ◽  
Spatially Varying

A rapid growth in spatial open datasets has led to a huge demand for regression approaches accommodating spatial and non-spatial effects in big data. Regression model selection is particularly important to stably estimate flexible regression models. However, conventional methods can be slow for large samples. Hence, we develop a fast and practical model-selection approach for spatial regression models, focusing on the selection of coefficient types that include constant, spatially varying, and non-spatially varying coefficients. A pre-processing approach, which replaces data matrices with small inner products through dimension reduction, dramatically accelerates the computation speed of model selection. Numerical experiments show that our approach selects a model accurately and computationally efficiently, highlighting the importance of model selection in the spatial regression context. Then, the present approach is applied to open data to investigate local factors affecting crime in Japan. The results suggest that our approach is useful not only for selecting factors influencing crime risk but also for predicting crime events. This scalable model selection will be key to appropriately specifying flexible and large-scale spatial regression models in the era of big data. The developed model selection approach was implemented in the R package spmoran.

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