scholarly journals Prevalence of Transfusion Transmissible Infection among Healthy Blood Donors at Dongola Specialized Hospital, Sudan, 2010–2015

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mohamed Abdelaziz
Keyword(s):  
Hepatitis B ◽  
Blood Donors ◽  
Hepatitis Virus ◽  
Demographic Data ◽  
Screening Tests ◽  
Specialized Hospital ◽  
B Virus ◽  
Northern State ◽  
Low Prevalence ◽  
Transmissible Infection

Background: Blood transfusion saves lives but carries the risk of transmission of infections. Screening donors for transfusion transmissible infection (TTI) is mandatory. Objectives: To study the prevalence of TTI among blood donors at Dongola Specialized hospital, Northern State, Sudan. Materials and Methods: Retrospective study performed on blood donors at the blood bank of Dongola Specialized Hospital during the period 2010–2015. Demographic data and results of screening tests for all donors in the study period were included. Data were analyzed using SPSS and results were presented in percentages. Results: The total number of donors were 6,489, of which 6,433 (99.1%) were included in the study. All donors were males and family donors. Mean age (SD) was 27.9 (6.516) years. hepatitis B virus was detected in 85 (1.3%), syphilis in 68 (1.1%), hepatitis virus in 45 (0.7%), and human immunodeficiency virus in 3 (0.05%) donors. Coinfections of hepatitis B with syphilis and hepatitis B with hepatitis C were found in 0.05% and 0.03% of the donors, respectively.  Conclusion: The prevalence of TTI is low compared to national and international figures. These findings may reflect low prevalence rates of the studied infections in the community. Key words: blood donors, Northern State, Sudan, transfusion transmissible infection

scholarly journals Antiviral Activities of Oral 1-O-Hexadecylpropanediol-3-Phosphoacyclovir and Acyclovir in Woodchucks with Chronic Woodchuck Hepatitis Virus Infection

2000 ◽  
Vol 44 (7) ◽  
pp. 1964-1969 ◽  
Author(s):  
Karl Y. Hostetler ◽  
James R. Beadle ◽  
William E. Hornbuckle ◽  
Christine A. Bellezza ◽  
Ilia A. Tochkov ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Hepatitis B Virus ◽  
Virus Infection ◽  
Hepatitis B ◽  
Hepatitis Virus ◽  
Response To Therapy ◽  
Hydroxyl Group ◽  
Woodchuck Hepatitis Virus ◽  
Acyclovir Treatment ◽  
B Virus ◽  
Hepatitis Virus Infection

ABSTRACT Acyclovir triphosphate is a potent inhibitor of hepatitis B virus DNA polymerase, but acyclovir treatment provides no benefit in patients with hepatitis B virus infection. This is due in part to the fact that hepatitis B virus, unlike herpes simplex virus, does not code for a viral thymidine kinase which catalyzes the initial phosphorylation of acyclovir. We synthesized 1-O-octadecyl-sn-glycero-3-phospho (3-P)-acyclovir and found that it was highly active in reducing hepatitis B virus replication in 2.2.15 cells, while acyclovir was inactive. The greater antiviral activity of 1-O-octadecyl-sn-glycero-3-P-acyclovir appeared to be due to liver cell metabolism of the compound to acyclovir monophosphate (K. Y. Hostetler et al., Biochem. Pharmacol. 53:1815–1822, 1997). However, a closely related compound without a hydroxyl group at the sn-2 position of glycerol, 1-O-hexadecylpropanediol-3-P-acyclovir, was more active and selective in 2.2.15 cells in vitro. In this study, we treated woodchucks chronically infected with woodchuck hepatitis virus with increasing oral doses of 1-O-hexadecylpropanediol-3-P-acyclovir and assessed the response to therapy versus acyclovir or a placebo. At a dosage of 10 mg/kg of body weight twice a day, the test compound significantly inhibited viral replication in vivo, as indicated by a 95% reduction in serum woodchuck hepatitis virus DNA levels and by a 54% reduction in levels of woodchuck hepatitis virus replicative intermediates in the liver. Higher doses were somewhat less effective. In contrast, 20 mg of acyclovir/kg twice daily, a 5.3-fold-higher molar dosage, had no demonstrable activity against woodchuck hepatitis virus. Oral 1-O-hexadecylpropanediol-3-P-acyclovir appeared to be safe and effective in chronic woodchuck hepatitis virus infection.

Hepatitis B virus DNA in serum of ‘anti-HBc only’-positive healthy Lebanese blood donors: significance and possible implications

2007 ◽  
Vol 66 (3) ◽  
pp. 278-282 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. El-Zaatari ◽  
H. Kazma ◽  
M. Naboulsi-Majzoub ◽  
M. Haidar ◽  
F. Ramlawi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Hepatitis B Virus ◽  
Hepatitis B ◽  
Blood Donors ◽  
Hepatitis B Virus Dna ◽  
B Virus

Contrasting patterns and frequency of antibodies to the surface, core, and e antigens of hepatitis b virus in blood donors and in homosexual patients

1980 ◽  
Vol 6 (4) ◽  
pp. 323-332 ◽  
Author(s):  
R.S. Tedder ◽  
C.H. Cameron ◽  
Ruth Wilson-Croome ◽  
D.R. Howell ◽  
Anne Colgrove ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Hepatitis B Virus ◽  
Hepatitis B ◽  
Blood Donors ◽  
B Virus
Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document