The role of male factor in pregnancy loss

AbstractPregnancy loss (abortion) and pre-eclampsia represent the most common disorders in pregnant women. Besides infection, there are anatomical, endocrinological, genetic and immunological factors that can induce pregnancy disorders. Because the exact mechanisms of physiological pregnancy maintenance are still not clearly understood, the search for genes and proteins fulfilling this role is still in progress. One of the immune molecules that plays a beneficial role in pregnancy is the nonclassical HLA-G molecule. The molecule is mainly expressed on trophoblast cells in the foetal placenta and induces the immune tolerance of the foetus via its interaction with inhibitory receptors on maternal NK cells and CD8+ T lymphocytes. In relation to pregnancy disorders, associations between HLA-G polymorphism, HLA-G level and HLA-G function were described. Thus, the HLA-G molecule can be used as a new diagnostic marker and, potentially, for the future therapy of pregnancy disorders.

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Role of conditional-pathogenic microscopic flora in the pregnancy loss development

Journal of obstetrics and women s diseases ◽

10.17816/jowd90376 ◽

2002 ◽

Vol 51 (2) ◽

pp. 33-37

Author(s):

I. V. Beriev ◽

E. F. Kira

Keyword(s):

Pregnancy Loss ◽

Biological Field ◽

In Pregnancy

The pregnancy loss problem is topical for obstetrical practices nowadays. Last years investigations based on anaerobic bacteriology achievements have changed traditional aspects of these diseases microscopic etiology and in concordance with it on their diagnostics. The new data obtained assert disbiotical disturbances in vagina biological field in pregnancies have influenced on it. Representatives of conditional-pathogenic microscopic flora have the main etiologic significance in it. The present work aim was studying the role of conditional-pathogenic microscopic flora in pregnancy loss.

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The role of anti-phospholipid antibodies in autoimmune reproductive failure

Reproduction ◽

10.1530/rep-15-0545 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 151 (5) ◽

pp. R79-R90 ◽

Cited By ~ 11

Author(s):

Priyadarshini Pantham ◽

Vikki M Abrahams ◽

Lawrence W Chamley

Keyword(s):

Animal Models ◽

Pregnancy Loss ◽

Recurrent Pregnancy Loss ◽

Plasma Binding ◽

Present Evidence ◽

Glycoprotein I ◽

Cardiolipin Antibodies ◽

Beta 2 ◽

In Pregnancy

AbstractAnti-phospholipid antibodies (aPL) are autoantibodies that are associated with thrombosis and a range of pregnancy complications including recurrent pregnancy loss and pre-eclampsia. The three clinically relevant, well-characterized aPL are anti-cardiolipin antibodies, lupus anticoagulant and anti-beta-2-glycoprotein I (β2GPI) antibodies. aPL do not bind directly to phospholipids but instead bind to a plasma-binding ‘cofactor’. The most extensively studied cofactor is β2GPI, whose role in pregnancy is not fully elucidated. Although the pathogenicity of aPL in recurrent pregnancy loss is well established in humans and animal models, the association of aPL with infertility does not appear to be causative. aPL may exert their detrimental effects during pregnancy by directly binding trophoblast cells of the placenta, altering trophoblast signalling, proliferation, invasion and secretion of hormones and cytokines, and by increasing apoptosis. Heparin is commonly used to treat pregnant women with aPL; however, as thrombotic events do not occur in the placentae of all women with aPL, it may exert a protective effect by preventing the binding of aPL to β2GPI or by acting through non-thrombotic pathways. The aim of this review is to present evidence summarizing the current understanding of this field.

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Role of Male Factor Testing in Recurrent Pregnancy Loss or In Vitro Fertilization Failure

Reproductive System & Sexual Disorders ◽

10.4172/2161-038x.1000e122 ◽

2015 ◽

Vol 04 (03) ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Ryan Dickey Ranjith Ramasamy

Keyword(s):

In Vitro Fertilization ◽

Pregnancy Loss ◽

Recurrent Pregnancy Loss ◽

Fertilization Failure ◽

Male Factor ◽

Vitro Fertilization

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Role of complement in pregnancy loss

Nature Reviews Immunology ◽

10.1038/nri1293 ◽

2004 ◽

Vol 4 (2) ◽

pp. 85-85

Author(s):

Elaine Bell

Keyword(s):

Pregnancy Loss ◽

In Pregnancy

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Protein S and pregnancy: Report of a case

Srpski arhiv za celokupno lekarstvo ◽

10.2298/sarh0202036d ◽

2002 ◽

Vol 130 (1-2) ◽

pp. 36-37

Author(s):

Radica Dunjic ◽

Ivo Elezovic ◽

Snezana Rakic ◽

Zeljko Mikovic ◽

Helena Loncar-Stevanovic

Keyword(s):

Anticoagulant Therapy ◽

Pregnancy Loss ◽

Protein S ◽

Functional Protein ◽

The Third ◽

Low Protein ◽

Pregnancy And Delivery ◽

In Pregnancy

Protein S is a cofactor of protein S which lowers the activat- ed factors VIII and V. Pregnancy reduces the level of protein S to 40-50% of normal levels but it is not clear whether the lowered protein S levels increase the risk of developing thrombo-embolism during pregnancy. This is a report of a 39-year old woman, multipart whose pregnancy terminated as IUGR and who had previously two stillbirths. After the third pregnancy loss of functional protein S level was 20%. Two months after delivery protein S activity was 60%. As it was suspected that low protein S level was a risk factor of complications in pregnancy anticoagulant therapy was used. Thereafter pregnancy and delivery at 38.5 weeks of gestation were successful and the baby weighted 3400 gr at birth. The aim of this report is to emphasize the important role of follow-up of the level of protein S in pregnancy in order to avoid the risk of thrombo-embolism in pregnancy. Anticoagulant therapy is very successful in such a pregnancy and may ensure safe birth.

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