Effect of Different Chickpea Genotypes and Its Biochemical Constituents on Biological Attributes of Helicoverpa armigera (Hubner)

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Su Htet San ◽  
D. Sagar ◽  
Vinay Kumari Kalia ◽  
Veda Krishnan
Keyword(s):  
Helicoverpa Armigera ◽  
Insect Pests ◽  
Sugar Content ◽  
Reducing Sugar ◽  
Total Phenol ◽  
Pupal Weight ◽  
Biochemical Constituents ◽  
Helicoverpa Armígera ◽  
Biological Attributes ◽  
Helicoverpa Armigera Hubner

Background: Chickpea (Cicer arietinum L.) is the third most important pulse crop grown all over the world. Chickpea is infested by an average of about 60 insect-pests, of which gram pod borer, Helicoverpa armigera (Hubner) (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) is known to be the key pest. The migratory nature, polyphagous, short life cycle, multivoltine and resistance to insecticides makes H. armigera very difficult to control. In order to develop the resistance chickpea genotypes against H. armigera it is very important to understand the interrelation between the chickpea biochemical constituents and their effect on insect growth and development.Methods: The biological performance of H. armigera on different chickpea genotypes was studied using detached leaf method and the test genotypes were also evaluated for field level resistance to H. armigera under natural conditions. Different biochemical constituents viz., reducing sugar, protein, total phenol and tannins content in chickpea genotypes were estimated at 30 days after sowing. The relationship between biological attributes of H. armigera reared on different chickpea genotypes and biochemical constituents of chickpea genotypes was computed using simple correlation co-efficient.Result: Among the test genotypes, the lowest larval weight, prolonged larval duration and pupal duration were observed in GL-13042. The lowest pupal weight and percent of adult emergence was observed in NBeG-786 while the lowest fecundity was observed in GL-13001. The percent pod damage, pest susceptibility/ resistance per cent and PRSR on different chickpea genotypes in the field condition varied from 25.9 to 47.84%, 12.91 to 45.86 and from 4 to 5. In the biochemical constituents, the highest total phenol and tannin content were observed in NBeG-786 whereas the lowest protein and reducing sugar content were observed in GL-13042. Relationship between biological attributes of H. armigera and biochemical constituents in different chickpea genotypes revealed that reducing sugars, protein, total phenols and tannins content showed negative association with biological attributes of H. armigera reared on chickpea genotypes.

scholarly journals PENGARUH MINYAK BUNGKIL BIJI JARAK PAGAR TERHADAP MORTALITAS DAN PENELURAN Helicoverpa armigera Hũbner

2020 ◽  
Vol 18 (2) ◽  
pp. 54
Author(s):  
S.W. TUKIMIN ◽  
ELNA KARMAWATI
Keyword(s):  
Phorbol Ester ◽  
Helicoverpa Armigera ◽  
Jatropha Curcas ◽  
Insect Pests ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Organic Fertilizer ◽  
Jatropha Curcas L ◽  
South Sulawesi ◽  
Helicoverpa Armígera ◽  
Helicoverpa Armigera Hubner

<p>ABSTRAK<br />Jarak pagar (Jatropha curcas L.) menghasilkan limbah dari biji<br />pada saat pemrosesan biji menjadi minyak kasar (JCO). Limbah ini berupa<br />bungkil yang dapat dimanfaatkan baik untuk pupuk organik maupun<br />untuk bahan pestisida nabati. Bahan kimia yang bersifat toksik terhadap<br />serangga dalam biji jarak pagar adalah phorbol ester dan curcin.<br />Keduanya terikat dalam minyak ketika pemrosesan dan efektif untuk<br />mengendalikan beberapa hama tanaman perkebunan setelah diformulasi.<br />Ternyata di dalam bungkil sebagai limbahnya masih tersisa kedua bahan<br />aktif tersebut, oleh sebab itu penelitian ini bertujuan untuk melihat<br />efektivitas formula ekstrak bungkil jarak pagar terhadap hama utama kapas<br />yaitu Helicoverpa armigera Hũbner. Penelitian dilaksanakan di<br />Laboratorium Entomologi, Balai Penelitian Tanaman Pemanis dan Serat<br />(Balittas Malang) pada bulan April sampai Desember 2010 menggunakan<br />rancangan acak kelompok dengan 6 perlakuan (4 perlakuan konsentrasi<br />dan 2 kontrol) dan 4 ulangan. Biji jarak pagar yang digunakan merupakan<br />aksesi dari Sulawesi Selatan, Lampung, dan Jawa Timur. Bungkil<br />dimaserasi  menggunakan  pelarut  metanol,  kemudian  diformulasi<br />menggunakan detergen dengan konsentrasi 5, 10, 20, dan 40 ml ditambah<br />masing-masing 1 g detergen dalam 1 liter larutan. Aplikasi dilakukan dua<br />macam sebagai racun kontak dan racun pakan. Pengamatan dilakukan<br />terhadap mortalitas, berat pupa, dan peneluran serangga pada 24, 48, 72,<br />dan 120 jam setelah aplikasi. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa urutan<br />efektivitas aksesi jarak pagar adalah Sulawesi Selatan, Lampung, dan Jawa<br />Timur yang ternyata berkorelasi positif dengan kandungan phorbol ester<br />yaitu 9,39; 6,64; dan 4,39 µg/ml. Tidak satu butirpun telur yang diletakkan<br />pada aplikasi 10 ml aksesi Sulsel + 1 g detergen/l larutan dan 20 ml aksesi<br />Jatim + 1 g detergen/l larutan.<br />Kata kunci : Jatropha curcas L, curcin, phorbol ester, bungkil biji jarak<br />pagar, Helicoverpa armigera Hũbner, mortalitas, peneluran</p><p>ABSTRACT<br />Effect of Jatropha cake oil on mortality and fertility of<br />Helicoverpa armigera Hũbner<br />Physic nut (Jatropha curcas L.) produces waste from its seeds<br />during seed processing into JCO. This waste (cake) can be further<br />processed into organic fertilizer and botanical pesticide. The toxic<br />chemicals for insect inside the seeds are phorbol ester and curcin. Both are<br />included in JCO during the process and those are effective to control estate<br />crops insect pests after being formulated. In fact same of those chemicals<br />still remain in the seeds cake, therefore, the objective of the research is to<br />find out the effectiveness of its formulation on Helicoverpa armigera<br />Hũbner, the main pest of cotton. The research was carried out at the<br />Indonesian Sweetener and Fiber Crops Research Institute, Malang from<br />April to December 2010, and the experiment was arranged using<br />Randomized Block Design with 6 treatments and 4 replicates. The<br />materials used were three (3) accessions of jatropha from South Sulawesi,<br />Lampung, and East Java origins. Methanol was used for extracting the<br />chemicals, and then detergent was used for formulating 4 concentration<br />levels of : 5, 10, 20, and 40 ml/l + 1 g detergent each. The methods used<br />were contact and oral applications. The parameters observed were<br />mortality, pupae weight and fertility. It was revealed that the effectiveness<br />was positively correlated with phorbol ester contents i.e. 9.39, 6.64, and<br />4.39 µg/ml for South Sulawesi, Lampung, and East Java accessions,<br />respectively. There was no egg laid by female of H. armigera fed with<br />shoots and squares contaminated with bio-pesticides (10 and 20 ml/l of<br />South Sulawesi and East Java accessions).<br />Key words : Jatropha curcas L, curcin, phorbol ester, Jatropha seed cake<br />oil, Helicoverpa armigera Hũbner, mortality, fertility</p>

scholarly journals Screening for host plant resistance to Helicoverpa armigera(Hubner) in chickpea using novel techniques

2016 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jagdish Jaba ◽  
Meena Agnihotri ◽  
Snehel Chakravarty
Keyword(s):  
Weight Gain ◽  
Helicoverpa Armigera ◽  
Pupal Weight ◽  
Maximum Weight ◽  
Pod Borer ◽  
Helicoverpa Armígera ◽  
Pheromone Compound ◽  
Antibiosis Resistance ◽  
Helicoverpa Armigera Hubner ◽  
Chickpea Cultivars

Insights of antibiosis resistance in various chickpea cultivars against pod borer Helicoverpa armigera (Hubner) under laboratory condtions. The present study was carried out in order to investigate the level of resistance against H. armigera on different cultivars by adopting detach leaf and pod assay. In leaf detach assay, pooled mean of 2012 and 2013, significantly lower and maximum weight gain and percent gain recorded was 101.9 mg (88.5%); 382.3mg (317.4%), respectively for ICCV 097105 and ICCV 07306. During podding stage, lowest pod damage (%) was recorded 55 % (ICCV 92944) and highest pod damage recorded by ICC 3137, LL 550 and ICCV07306 (95 %).Highest pupal weight of one day old pupae was recorded on LL 550 (405.2 mg) and lower pupal weight in ICCV 097105 (202.4 mg). The present result gave clue for future in depth studies on weeds for developing either specific pheromone compound or repellant compound for the eco- friendly management of H. armigera.

scholarly journals ​Bio-efficacy of Chemical Insecticides and Biopesticides against Gram Pod Borer, Helicoverpa armigera (Hubner) and Spotted Pod Borer, Maruca testulalis (Geyer) on Greengram, [Vigna radiata (L.) Wilczek]

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
V.P. Meena ◽  
S.K. Khinchi ◽  
D.K. Bairwa ◽  
Akhter Hussain ◽  
K.C. Kumawat ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Helicoverpa Armigera ◽  
Vigna Radiata ◽  
Insect Pests ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Maruca Testulalis ◽  
College Of Agriculture ◽  
Randomized Block Design ◽  
Pod Borer ◽  
Helicoverpa Armígera ◽  
Helicoverpa Armigera Hubner

Background: Gram pod borer, Helicoverpa armigera (Hubner) and spotted pod borer, Maruca testulalis (Geyer) are important pod boring insects infesting the greengram, [Vigna radiata (L.) Wilczek] throughout the India. A number of synthetic insecticides are known to be effective against these borers but most of them have been phased out as a result of high toxicity to the pollinators and other biotic fauna, therefore, a group of new chemical insecticides with biopesticides have been tested for bioefficacy against these insect pests. Method: A field experiment was conducted at S.K.N. College of Agriculture, Jobner, Rajasthan during kharif, 2018 in randomized block design (RBD) with 9 treatments and 3 replications. The observations were recorded of Helicoverpa armigera (Hubner) and spotted pod borer, Maruca testulalis (Geyer) borers one day before and 1, 3, 7 and 15 days after application of insecticides and biopesticides in each the spray from ten randomly selected and tagged plants/ plot. From the data recorded per cent reduction in population over control was calculated. The per cent pod damage was calculated by counting damaged pods out of healthy pods of greengram. Result: The spinosad 45 SC (0.01%) proved to be most effective, indoxacarb 14.5 SC (0.01%) followed by fipronil 5 SC (0.01%), whereas, treatments of neem leaf extract (10.00%), Beauveria bassiana 1.15 WP 1X108 spore/ l proved to be least effective. The maximum seed yield of 9.13 q ha–1 was obtained in the plots treated with spinosad 45 SC (0.01%) followed by indoxacarb 14.5 SC (0.01%) (8.89 q ha-1), fipronil 5 SC (0.01%) (8.60 q ha-1).

scholarly journals Comparative TMT Proteomic Analysis Unveils Unique Insights into Helicoverpa armigera (Hübner) Resistance in Cajanus scarabaeoides (L.) Thouars

2021 ◽  
Vol 22 (11) ◽  
pp. 5941
Author(s):  
Abigail Ngugi-Dawit ◽  
Isaac Njaci ◽  
Thomas J.V. Higgins ◽  
Brett Williams ◽  
Sita R. Ghimire ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Host Plant ◽  
Helicoverpa Armigera ◽  
Plant Resistance ◽  
Host Plant Resistance ◽  
Proteomic Analysis ◽  
Artificial Diet ◽  
Growth Stages ◽  
Genetic Base ◽  
Helicoverpa Armígera ◽  
Helicoverpa Armigera Hubner

Pigeonpea [Cajanus cajan (L.) Millspaugh] is an economically important legume playing a crucial role in the semi-arid tropics. Pigeonpea is susceptible to Helicoverpa armigera (Hübner), which causes devastating yield losses. This pest is developing resistance to many commercially available insecticides. Therefore, crop wild relatives of pigeonpea, are being considered as potential sources of genes to expand the genetic base of cultivated pigeonpea to improve traits such as host plant resistance to pests and pathogens. Quantitative proteomic analysis was conducted using the tandem mass tag platform to identify differentially abundant proteins between IBS 3471 and ICPL 87 tolerant accession and susceptible variety to H. armigera, respectively. Leaf proteome were analysed at the vegetative and flowering/podding growth stages. H. armigera tolerance in IBS 3471 appeared to be related to enhanced defence responses, such as changes in secondary metabolite precursors, antioxidants, and the phenylpropanoid pathway. The development of larvae fed on an artificial diet with IBS 3471 lyophilised leaves showed similar inhibition with those fed on an artificial diet with quercetin concentrations with 32 mg/25 g of artificial diet. DAB staining (3,3’-diaminobenzidine) revealed a rapid accumulation of reactive oxygen species in IBS 3471. We conclude that IBS 3471 is an ideal candidate for improving the genetic base of cultivated pigeonpea, including traits for host plant resistance.

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