​Conservation Agriculture Practices: Impact on Productivity, Energy Utilisation and Profitability of Legume-based Cropping System

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
E. Sobhana ◽  
C. Swaminathan ◽  
P. Kannan ◽  
A. Gurusamy
Keyword(s):  
Production Efficiency ◽  
Energy Use ◽  
Foliar Application ◽  
Foxtail Millet ◽  
Cropping System ◽  
Conservation Agriculture ◽  
Barnyard Millet ◽  
System Productivity ◽  
Energy Use Efficiency ◽  
Use Efficiency

Background: Conservation agriculture (CA), an agricultural production system with optimum inputs, high returns and sustainability while conserving environment is primarily required for command areas and rainfed uplands. CA helps to improve and conserve soil health through crop rotation, mulching, minimum field traffic and mechanical soil disturbance etc and conserve water to achieve economically and ecologically sustainable crop production. Methods: The field experiment was conducted for two years during 2019-21 to evaluate the influence of conservation agricultural practices on the system productivity, production efficiency and energy use under legume based cropping system in a command area. Treatments comprised of four cropping systems as Groundnut - foxtail millet (C1), Groundnut - barnyard millet (C2), Daincha - foxtail millet (C3) and Daincha - barn yard millet (C4) in main plots and foliar application of organics, 3% panchagavya, 1% PPFM and 0.1% humic acid formed subplots. Result: System productivity in terms of Groundnut equivalent yield (GEY) was significantly higher (8395 kg/ha) in the Groundnut - Barnyard millet cropping system with foliar application of PPFM 1% in CA system than that of conventional method. The production efficiency was maximum in Groundnut - barnyard millet system (34.41 kg/ha/day) and Groundnut - foxtail millet recorded the highest energy use efficiency (6.8%) which shows that maximum energy was effectively utilized under the system. Daincha - foxtail millet system had highest energy productivity of 0.91 kg M/J. Thus, the conservation tillage based Groundnut - barnyard millet system recorded more system productivity, highest resource use efficiency (both production and land use efficiency) and the highest energy use efficiency.

scholarly journals Designing profitable, resource use efficient and environmentally sound cereal based systems for the Western Indo-Gangetic plains

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Hanuman S. Jat ◽  
Virender Kumar ◽  
Ashim Datta ◽  
Madhu Choudhary ◽  
Yadvinder-Singh ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Energy Use ◽  
Conservation Agriculture ◽  
Market Demand ◽  
System Productivity ◽  
Gangetic Plains ◽  
Environment Quality ◽  
Irrigation Water Use ◽  
Use Efficiency ◽  
Environmentally Sound ◽  
Evidence Generation

Abstract In the western Indo-Gangetic plains, issues of deterioration in soil, water, and environment quality coupled with low profitability jeopardize the sustainability of the dominant rice–wheat (RW) system. To address these issues, crop diversification and conservation agriculture (CA)-based management hold considerable promise but the adoption of both approaches has been low, and additional evidence generation from a multi-criteria productivity and sustainability perspective is likely required to help drive the change. Compared to prevailing farmers’ practice (FP), results suggest that CA-based rice management increased profitability by 13% and energy use efficiency (EUE) by 21% while reducing irrigation by 19% and global warming potential (GWP) by 28%. By substituting CA-based maize for rice, similar mean profitability gains were realized (16%) but transformative improvements in irrigation (− 84%), EUE (+ 231%), and GWP (− 95%) were observed compared to FP. Inclusion of mungbean in the rotation (i.e. maize-wheat-mungbean) with CA-based management increased the system productivity, profitability, and EUE by 11, 25 and 103%, respectively while decreasing irrigation water use by 64% and GWP by 106% compared to FP. Despite considerable benefits from the CA-based maize-wheat system, adoption of maize is not widespread due to uneven market demand and assured price guarantees for rice.

TILLAGE AND RESIDUE MANAGEMENT FOR IMPROVING PRODUCTIVITY AND RESOURCE-USE EFFICIENCY IN SOYBEAN (GLYCINE MAX)—WHEAT (TRITICUM AESTIVUM) CROPPING SYSTEM

2016 ◽  
Vol 52 (4) ◽  
pp. 617-634 ◽  
Author(s):  
V. KARUNAKARAN ◽  
U. K. BEHERA
Keyword(s):  
South Asia ◽  
Resource Use ◽  
Irrigation Water ◽  
Energy Use ◽  
Zero Tillage ◽  
Resource Use Efficiency ◽  
System Productivity ◽  
Energy Use Efficiency ◽  
Soybean Residue ◽  
Use Efficiency

SUMMARYContinuous rice–wheat (RW) cropping in an area of 13.5 million ha with intensive tillage has resulted in over exploitation of resources, decline of the factor productivity, loss of soil fertility and biodiversity and decline of resource use efficiency in the Indo-Gangetic plains (IGPs) of South Asia. This has led to unsustainability of agriculture in the region. Replacement of a cereal-cereal system with a legume–cereal system may prove beneficial for long-term sustainability of the system. A field experiment was conducted with soybean–wheat (SW) rotation in the IGP of India during 2009–10 and 2010–11 to assess the suitability of conservation tillage versus conventional tillage (CT) and crop-establishment techniques, namely bed (B) planting versus flat (F) planting. The study revealed that the zero tillage (ZT) for soybean during rainy and for wheat during winter season either in flat or in bed system performed equally good with CT. The maximum system productivity (7.06 t ha−1 in 2009–10 and 8.48 t ha−1 in 2010–11) was obtained with combined application of wheat + soybean residue. The maximum net returns of ₹46.98 and ₹65.08 thousands and B:C ratio of 2.35 and 3.08 were recorded in the SW system with zero tillage-flat (ZT─F) during 2009–10 and 2010–11, respectively. The minimum energy of 64.67 and 63.01 ×103 MJ ha−1 was utilized as input energy with zero tillage-bed (ZT─B) while the maximum energy use efficiency of 4.10 and 5.14 was obtained with ZT─F and ZT─B for the SW system during 2009–10 and 2010–11 respectively. The gross output energy was maximum with wheat + soybean residue (241.6 and 265.7 ×103 MJ ha−1) contrary to this the net energy (194.4 and 213.4 ×103 MJ ha−1) and energy use efficiency (9.03 and 10.96) was maximum with control (no residue) in the SW system. In wheat there was 37.85% improvement in irrigation water use efficiency (WUE) in raised bed planting than flat planting and 28.57% of irrigation water was saved. The study suggested that ZT either bed or flat planting to both the crops can successfully adopted along with application wheat + soybean residue together with full recommended dose of NPK fertilizers to the system for improving productivity, profitability, soil health and sustainability of SW system in the IGPs of South Asia.

Productivity and Resource Use Efficiency of different Jute based Cropping Systems under Nutrient and Crop Residue Management Practices

2016 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Mukesh Kumar ◽  
A.K. Ghorai ◽  
S Mitra ◽  
B Majumdar ◽  
M Ramesh Naik ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Crop Residue ◽  
Production Efficiency ◽  
Management Practices ◽  
Cropping Systems ◽  
Cropping System ◽  
Leafy Vegetable ◽  
Residue Management ◽  
Garden Pea ◽  
System Productivity ◽  
Use Efficiency

A field experiment was conducted to study the effect of nutrient and crop residue incorporation on productivity jute based cropping system in split plot design during 2012-14. The main plot comprised of five cropping sequences viz., rice-rice, jute-rice-wheat, jute-rice-baby corn-jute (for leafy vegetable), jute-rice-garden pea, jute-rice-mustard-mungbean andfour nutrient management practicesviz. 75% recommended doses of fertilizers (RDF) with and without crop residue (rice, wheat, corn, garden pea and mungbean with their respective cropping sequence) and 100 % RDF with and without crop residue in sub plot. Jute-rice-baby corn- jute(leafy vegetable) cropping system recorded the highest system productivity (192.36q/ha) followed by jute-rice-garden pea (88.6 q/ha), water use efficiency (34.86 kg/m3), production efficiency (65.9 kg/ha/day), and economic efficiency (Rs724/ha/day) followed by jute-rice-garden pea recorded those parameter were (89.4 q/ha), 27.01 kg/m3, 30.31 kg/ha/day and Rs.346/ha/day, respectively.The land use efficacy (94.5%) was higher in jute-rice-mustard- mungbean followed by jute-rice-baby corn-veg. jute(93.2%). The higher system productivity of all crop sequences was recorded with 100 % RDF with crop residue. However it was at par with 75% RDF with crop residue and100% RDF.

Long-Term Conservation Agriculture and Intensified Cropping Systems: Effects on Growth, Yield, Water, and Energy-use Efficiency of Maize in Northwestern India

Pedosphere ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 28 (6) ◽  
pp. 952-963 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chiter M. PARIHAR ◽  
Malu R. YADAV ◽  
Shankar L. JAT ◽  
Aditya K. SINGH ◽  
Bhupender KUMAR ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Energy Use ◽  
Cropping Systems ◽  
Growth Yield ◽  
Conservation Agriculture ◽  
Energy Use Efficiency ◽  
Northwestern India ◽  
Use Efficiency

Cultural Energy Use and Energy Use Efficiency of a Small-Scale Rainbow Trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss Walbaum, 1792) Cage Farm in the Inland Waters of Turkey: A Case Study from Karacaören-I Dam Lake

2020 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
pp. 31-39
Author(s):  
Gürkan Diken ◽  
Hayati Köknaroğlu ◽  
İsmail Can
Keyword(s):  
Rainbow Trout ◽  
Oncorhynchus Mykiss ◽  
Production Efficiency ◽  
Energy Use ◽  
Total Weight ◽  
Small Scale ◽  
Inland Waters ◽  
Energy Use Efficiency ◽  
Rainbow Trout Oncorhynchus Mykiss ◽  
Use Efficiency

The purpose of this study was to assess cultural energy (CE) use and energy use efficiency of a commercial small scale rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) cage farm in the inland waters in Karacaören Dam Lake, Isparta, Turkey. Data collected for each production year were: number and total weight of fingerlings, amount of feed consumed, amount of antibiotics, vitamin, labor, diesel, oxygen used, number and total weight of marketed trout, distance for transportation of fingerlings, machinery, and equipment with their depreciation rate. Total CE use was the sum of CE expended on feed, general management, transportation, machinery, and equipment. CE expended on compound diet constituted 77.78% of total CE. CE expended for a kg of liveweight gain was 2.68 Mcal. Protein energy production efficiency in carcass and fillet was 4.28 and 7.44 Mcal, respectively. CE energy use efficiency for carcass and fillet were 4.19 and 6.85, respectively. Results showed that in order to compare the sustainability of aquaculture production systems energy use efficiency which is an indicator of sustainability should be determined.

Sustainable diversification of maize (Zea mays L.) -legumes cropping systems for productivity, profitability and resource-use efficiency in West Garo Hills of Meghalaya, India

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mokidul Islam ◽  
L. K. Nath ◽  
T. Samajdar
Keyword(s):  
Land Use ◽  
Resource Use ◽  
Production Efficiency ◽  
Cropping System ◽  
Green Gram ◽  
Fertility Level ◽  
Resource Use Efficiency ◽  
System Productivity ◽  
Land Use Efficiency ◽  
Use Efficiency

A field experiment was conducted at Instructional Farm of ICAR- Krishi Vigyan Kendra, Tura during kharif, pre-rabi and rabi season of 2011-12 to 2013-14 to determine the suitable production potential, profitability, resource use efficiency and sustainability of diversified maize-legumes cropping system. The five cropping sequences viz., CS1: Maize + Blackgram (1:2) – green gram + maize (2:1) – tomato, CS2: maize + green gram(1:2) – green gram + maize (2:1) – tomato, CS3: maize + groundnut(1:2) – green gram + maize (2:1) – tomato, CS4: maize + Ssybean(1:2) – tomato and CS5: maize sole – green gram – tomato were replicated four times using a randomized block design on sandy loam soil with low to medium fertility level and slightly acidic in reaction. The cropping system “Maize + Green gram(1:2) – green gram + maize (1:1) – tomato” was found to be most remunerative and sustainable with system productivity (175.49 q/ha), net return (Rs.3,38,725/ha), profitability (Rs. 928.01 /ha/day), benefit cost ratio (4.40), sustainable yield index (1.00), production efficiency (Rs.58.30/ha/day), relative economic efficiency (162.72%), except land use efficiency(LUE) which was the highest (85.75%) in “maize + groundnut(1:2) – green gram + maize (1:1) – tomato” cropping system. The lowest system productivity, net returns, profitability, production efficiency, land use efficiency etc was found in maize+ soybean (1:2)- tomato followed by maize-greengram-tomato cropping system. Hence, the cropping sequence maize + green gram(1:2) – green gram + maize (1:1) – tomato and maize + groundnut(1:2) – green gram + maize (1:1) – tomato were found to be the productive, profitable, remunerative, resource use efficient and sustainable in the mid hills sub-tropical regions of India.

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