scholarly journals THE USE OF GEOGRAPHIC INFORMATION SYSTEMS (GIS) FOR IMPROVING SANITARY-EPIDEMIOLOGICAL SURVEILLANCE AND SOCIO-HYGIENIC MONITORING

2019 ◽  
Vol 96 (7) ◽  
pp. 620-622 ◽  
Author(s):  
Aleksandr O. Karelin ◽  
A. Yu. Lomtev ◽  
S. A. Gorbanev ◽  
G. B. Yeremin ◽  
Yu. A. Novikova
Keyword(s):  
Information Systems ◽  
Geographic Information Systems ◽  
Environmental Pollution ◽  
Spatial Planning ◽  
Geographic Information ◽  
Epidemiological Surveillance ◽  
Protection Zones ◽  
The Social ◽  
Northwest Region

The article represents the analysis of reasons and possibilities of the usage of the geographic information systems (GIS) in the field of the sanitary-epidemiological surveillance and the social-hygienic monitoring. There are discussed the main advantages of GIS for the establishment of relations between health of the population and the environmental pollution. Requirements to maps and databases are given. Uncertainties and problems of databases on health of the population and state of environment are under consideration. Value of GIS for spatial planning and justification of sanitary protection zones and the prospects of their use in the Northwest region are shown.

The map is not the territory: Applying qualitative Geographic Information Systems in the practice of activist archaeology

2018 ◽  
Vol 18 (2) ◽  
pp. 149-173 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michael JE O’Rourke
Keyword(s):  
Information Systems ◽  
Geographic Information Systems ◽  
Cultural Landscapes ◽  
Geographic Information ◽  
Heritage Management ◽  
Social Relevance ◽  
The Public ◽  
North American Archaeology ◽  
The Social ◽  
Activist Archaeology

In response to concerns regarding the social relevance of North American archaeology, it has been suggested that the tenets of ‘activist scholarship’ can provide a framework for a more publically engaged archaeological discipline. Maps have long been employed in the public dissemination of archaeological research results, but they can also play a role in enhancing public participation in heritage management initiatives. This article outlines how the goals of activist archaeology can be achieved through the mobilization of qualitative Geographic Information Systems practices, with an example of how ‘grounded visualization’ methods were employed in assessing the vulnerability of Inuvialuit cultural landscapes to the impacts of modern climate change.

Digitize and punish: Computerized crime mapping and racialized carceral power in Chicago

2017 ◽  
Vol 35 (5) ◽  
pp. 775-796 ◽  
Author(s):  
Brian Jordan Jefferson
Keyword(s):  
Information Systems ◽  
Geographic Information Systems ◽  
Urban Space ◽  
Ethnic Studies ◽  
Geographic Information ◽  
Surplus Labor ◽  
The Public ◽  
Digital Mapping ◽  
Urban Policing ◽  
The Social

While critical attention has recently turned to racialized police violence in US cities, another quiet development in urban policing is taking place. Hundreds of police departments have begun to wed database software with geographic information systems to represent crime cartographically. Focusing on the Chicago police’s digital mapping application, CLEARmap, the article interprets this development from the standpoint of racialized carceral power. It puts critical geographic information systems theory into discussion with critical ethnic studies and builds the case that CLEARmap does not passively “read” urban space, but provides ostensibly scientific ways of reading and policing negatively racialized fractions of surplus labor in ways that reproduces, and in some instances extends the tentacles of carceral power. CLEARmap’s data structure ensures that negatively racialized fractions of surplus labor, the places they inhabit, and the social problems that afflict them are only representable to state authorities and the public as objects of policing and punishment. CLEARmap is also used at police–community meetings and via the Internet to adapt public perceptions of crime to that of the policing apparatus, and mobilize the public as appendages of police surveillance. By tracing these phenomena, the article casts a heretofore untheorized dimension of the carceral power into sharp relief.

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