Surveying and mapping breast cancer services in Ghana: a cross-sectional pilot study in the Eastern Region

ObjectivesDefine the services available for the care of breast cancer at hospitals in the Eastern Region of Ghana, identify areas of the region with limited access to care through geospatial mapping, and test a novel survey instrument in anticipation of a nationwide scale up of the study.DesignA cross-sectional, facility-based survey study.SettingThis study was conducted at 33 of the 34 hospitals in the Eastern Region of Ghana from March 2020 to May 2020.ParticipantsThe 33 hospitals surveyed represented 97% of all hospitals in the region. This included private, government, quasi-government and faith-based organisation owned hospitals.ResultsSixteen hospitals (82%) surveyed provided basic screening services, 11 (33%) provided pathological diagnosis and 3 (9%) provided those services in addition to basic surgical care.53%, 64% and 78% of the population lived within 10 km, 25 km and 45 km of screening, diagnostic and treatment services respectively. Limited chemotherapy was available at two hospitals (6%), endocrine therapy at one hospital (3%) and radiotherapy was not available. Twenty-nine hospitals (88%) employed a general practitioner and 13 (39%) employed a surgeon. Oncology specialists, pathology personnel and a plastic surgeon were only available in one hospital (3%) in the Eastern Region.ConclusionsAlthough 16 hospitals (82%) provided screening, only half the population lived within reasonable distance of these services. Few hospitals offered diagnosis and surgical services, but 64% and 78% of the population lived within a reasonable distance of these hospitals. Geospatial analysis suggested two priorities to cost-effectively expand breast cancer services: (1) increase the number of health facilities providing screening services and (2) centralise basic imaging, pathological and surgical services at targeted hospitals.

Freedom in the Workplace

This chapter follows the argument of Private Government: How Employers Rule Our Lives (and Why We Don’t Talk about It), particularly chapter 2. Is the modern workplace a threat to freedom? Specifically, Anderson argues that the workplace is a site government: where power is exercised over us government exists. If we ask what type of government workplaces are it is clear that the vast majority are dictatorships. The interviewer brings up the main counterarguments—surely we can leave bad jobs and freely negotiate the terms of employment elsewhere—and Anderson responds. This is followed by a discussion of why this topic has been comparatively neglected by political philosophy. From the conclusions drawn, an argument is developed that political philosophy is strengthened by the field’s increasing diversity, and by philosophers considering material from a wide range of sources.

Risk governance: exploring the role of organisational culture

Purpose This study aims to investigate the association between organisational culture (OC) and the extent to which risk governance (RG) practices are implemented in Qatar. Design/methodology/approach It relies on the institutional theory and OC perspectives to generate testable hypotheses and explain the empirical findings, using data from 85 Qatari firms collected based on questionnaires. It also applies ordinary least squares regression to examine the associations between five OCs (innovation, outcome orientation, attention to detail, team orientation and tight versus loose control) and the level of implementing RG practices, whilst controlling for the presence of internal audit (IA), firm size, listing status, type (private/government) and sector (financial/non-financial). Findings An OC of “tight control”, the presence of an IA and being a private firm are significantly associated with implementing RG practices. An OC of teamwork is negatively associated with RG practices. Practical implications Policymakers and corporate managers are encouraged to set guidelines governing the formation of cohesive cooperative teams within organisations. They must develop strategies that promote the “risk culture” as a major component of OC. Policymakers should also monitor the culture and institutional forces behind the successful implementation of RG that involves the collaboration of employees at different organisational levels. Originality/value To the best of the authors’ knowledge, this study is novel because it empirically examines the OC–RG relationship in an emerging market economy (Qatar).

Nonprofit organizations and human resource management

Purpose This paper aims to review the latest management developments across the globe and pinpoint practical implications from cutting-edge research and case studies. Design This briefing is prepared by an independent writer who adds their own impartial comments and places the articles in context. Findings Nonprofit Organizations (NPOs) have different aims than private or governmental organizations – they aim to provide a service for the good of society rather than for financial gain. As such, they have different human resource management (HRM). Past research reveals current trends in NPO HRM, such as training and turnover; features which are distinct to NPOs (and separate from private/government sectors) such as collaboration and values-based performance systems; and areas where NPO research can develop, such as succession planning and competency training. This leads to a comprehensive overview of NPO HRM, how it is unique, and areas of future potential. Originality The briefing saves busy executives and researchers hours of reading time by selecting only the very best, most pertinent information and presenting it in a condensed and easy-to-digest format.

EVALUATION OF THE EXTRACULICULAR DEVELOPMENT PROGRAM OF VOLYBALL IN JUNIOR HIGH SCHOOL

The purpose of this study was to find out the volleyball extracurricular development program in Tambun Utara sub-district using the CIPP eva-luation model (Context, Input, Process and Product). By using the CIPP method, which was presented by Daniel L. Stuflebeam, it is an evaluation of the Context discussion on the background of the program and the purpose of the coaching program. Input Evaluation is a discussion of the acceptance of athletes, coaches, funds, facilities and infrastructure. Process Evaluation, discussion on the implementation of training, consumption / nutrition, coordination and communication programs. Product evaluation, which is about the results of the guided program achievement which is obtained in the volleyball extracurricular program development. The results of this study were obtained from the results of interviews, observations and documentation studies obtained by the researchers that the volleyball extracurricular training program in Tambun North District Public Middle School had carried out the processes and procedures of sports achievement development programs in general. However, the implementation is constrained by funding, training facilities and infrastructure as well as other facilities that can support the training program. The importance of communication and coordination of sports stakeholders has not run as expected in seeking donors both local and private government.

Social Entrepreneurship and Arabica Coffee Production in the Northern Philippines: Navigating Opportunities and Constraints

Private, government, and corporate sectors increasingly seek to mitigate the precarious economic and environmental conditions their businesses have caused. Given the shortcomings of conventional approaches to achieve meaningful social change, social entrepreneurship has emerged as an alternative approach to answer this call. Combining business, private investment, and social movement models, social entrepreneurs work collaboratively with communities to augment peoples’ livelihood and their social security. This article draws on social entrepreneurship scholarship to analyze entrepreneurs’ initiatives in the northern Philippines’ emergent specialty Arabica coffee industry. I explore the extent to which entrepreneurs can operationalize opportunities and mitigate constraints as they expand from their small start-up premises while maintaining their social mandate. Given that current demand for premium green coffee beans outstrips supply, entrepreneurs may find themselves in competition with one another. This situation coupled with the Philippine government’s inability to secure peoples’ subsistence needs means that farmers may betray their allegiance to the entrepreneurs who supported them. I ask: do social entrepreneurs’ efforts simply alleviate symptoms rather than address root causes of inequality? Entrepreneurs’ efforts to date have led to positive industry outcomes; this suggests that pursuing such cross-sector advocacy can potentially curtail challenges to enterprise sustainability.

What matters for the scalability of prejudice reduction programs and interventions?

In many countries, policy makers and practitioners turn to prejudice reduction programs and interventions to tackle prejudice in the community. However, successfully addressing prejudice requires an effective intervention that can scale to match the broad span of the problem. Drawing from the experience of 16 prejudice reduction experts from multiple sectors including NGOs, private, government and academia, we developed a scalability assessment framework of criteria that are important for the successful scaling of prejudice interventions. For prejudice reduction interventions, contextual factors are key considerations for successful scaling. We then applied that framework to exemplars of prejudice reduction interventions published in the academic literature. Applying the empirically developed framework to actual interventions demonstrated that for interventions to be effective and scalable, a greater focus on approaches beyond face-to-face contact is required.

Governance: Exploring the Islamic Approach and its Relevance for the Modern Context

Managing this wealth (amanah) leads to the basic concept of Islamic accountability where proper disclosure and transparency in every business transaction or service is encouraged. This paper attempts to explore the characteristics and application of the principles of Islamic governance. Using qualitative research methods, this study further focuses on trust and accountability with respect to governance mechanisms as required by Islamic principles and in light of today's world affairs. As a doctrinal research, the researcher reviews the relevant literature to identify the main features of government such as shura, caliphate, accountability, transparency, justice and equality as well as the current need for trust in public and private government. The findings of this study are that the Koran and the Sunnah of the Prophet Muhammad (SAW) have provided many guidelines in the field of constitutional affairs that can help the government system. The Qur'an is flexible enough not to mention the details and details that are left for Muslims to formulate according to their particular circumstances. Finally, the aim of this paper is to inform policy makers and practitioners about the main doctrines that have been proposed by the Qur'an and which can be applied for the effective management of our affairs

Agritourism Development Model Based on Local Wisdom in Karangtengah Village Imogiri Bantul DIY

This study aims to explain the agritourism development model strategy based on local wisdom in Karangtengah Village. The research was conducted by interviewing farmers and related parties and the field observation. The results showed that the development of local-wisdom based agritourism required a proper planning and master plan, optimization of the potential owned, cooperation with various parties (private, government and community), education training on tourism to managers and communities, and overall socialization to the community based on community empowerment. It is recommended to optimize the existing potential in cooperation with various parties from the government, the private sector, and universities.

Uncovering Academic Mindsets In the Eighties

This chapter discusses Syrian physicist, Dr. Bizri's confirmation about science mindsets for his country after he read the author's “Barriers to Thinking New about Energy” piece. It cites Professor Clark Bullard, who wrote that the “Barriers” paper is useful in teaching engineering and George Wald, a well-known Harvard biologist, who spoke of changing attitudes in science since the beginning of the twentieth century. It also refers to Asher Peres, An Israeli physicist who conflated support for solar energy policies to ancient beliefs in “sun gods” and dismissed concern over nuclear energy safety. The chapter follows the author's letter to the economics Professor Roger Noll that followed attendance at a conference on regulation during the Reagan years. It analyses the four-page letter from the Wisconsin law professor Stewart Macaulay, which was a comprehensive argument for why a wide angle was important as reviewers lacked understanding of the private government.