Early bacterial and fungal colonization of leaf litter in Fossil Creek, Arizona

The colonization of leaf litter by saprobic fungi was studied in old-growth and post-harvest successional Douglas-fir forests on southeast Vancouver Island, British Columbia. This study focused on leaf litter of salal ( Gaultheria shallon Pursh.), a dominant understory shrub in all stands. Salal litter is characterized by the occurrence of bleached portions attributable to fungal colonization of the litter and to the variable decomposition of recalcitrant compounds, such as lignin. Analyses of proximate chemical fractions, fungal assemblages on the bleached leaf area, and pure culture decomposition assays indicated that Marasmius sp. and Coccomyces sp. were responsible for rapid decomposition and bleaching of salal leaf litter. The bleached area accounted for 17%–22% of total area of salal leaf litter collected in immature (40–60 years old), mature (85–105 years old), and old-growth (more than 290 years old) stands, but for only 2% in regeneration (5–15 years old) stands. The reduction of bleached leaf area occupied by Marasmius sp. and Coccomyces sp. in regeneration stands could be due to the changes in microenvironmental conditions on the forest floor, in litter quality, or in food-web structure in soils. The decrease of fungi able to decay recalcitrant compounds may lead to a reduction of salal decomposition rates in clear-cut sites that would persist until canopy closure occurs.

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Effects of leaf litter and its fungal colonization on the diet of Limnomysis benedeni (Crustacea: Mysida)

Hydrobiologia ◽

10.1007/s10750-009-9972-9 ◽

2009 ◽

Vol 636 (1) ◽

pp. 439-447 ◽

Cited By ~ 8

Author(s):

Christine Aßmann ◽

Eric von Elert ◽

René Gergs

Keyword(s):

Leaf Litter ◽

Fungal Colonization ◽

Limnomysis Benedeni

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Role of Leaf Litter in Above-Ground Wood Decay

Microorganisms ◽

10.3390/microorganisms8050696 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 8 (5) ◽

pp. 696 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Grant T. Kirker ◽

Amy Bishell ◽

Jed Cappellazzi ◽

Jonathan Palmer ◽

Nathan Bechle ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Moisture Content ◽

Leaf Litter ◽

Wood Decay ◽

Fungal Colonization ◽

Sequencing Analysis ◽

Visual Evaluation ◽

Guild Composition ◽

Aged Leaf ◽

Decay Development ◽

Over Time

The effects of leaf litter on moisture content and fungal decay development in above-ground wood specimens were assessed. Untreated southern pine specimens were exposed with or without leaf litter contact. Two types of leaf litter were evaluated; aged (decomposed) and young (early stages of decomposition). The moisture content of specimens was monitored, and specimens were periodically removed for visual evaluation of decay development. In addition, amplicon-based sequencing analysis of specimens and associated leaf litter was conducted at two time points. Contact with either type of leaf litter resulted in consistently higher moisture contents than those not in contact with leaf litter. Visually, evident decay developed most rapidly in specimens in contact with the aged leaf litter. Analysis of amplicon-based sequencing revealed that leaf litter contributes a significant amount of the available wood decay fungal community with similar communities found in the litter exposed wood and litter itself, but dissimilar community profiles from unexposed wood. Dominant species and guild composition shifted over time, beginning initially with more leaf saprophytes (ascomycetes) and over time shifting to more wood rotting fungi (basidiomycetes). These results highlight the importance of the contributions of leaf litter to fungal colonization and subsequent decay hazard for above-ground wood.

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Decomposition of willow-leaf litter in a short-rotation forest in relation to fungal colonization and palatability for earthworms

Biology and Fertility of Soils ◽

10.1007/bf00337374 ◽

1991 ◽

Vol 10 (4) ◽

pp. 241-248 ◽

Cited By ~ 30

Author(s):

T. Šlapokas ◽

U. Granhall

Keyword(s):

Leaf Litter ◽

Fungal Colonization ◽

Rotation Forest ◽

Short Rotation ◽

Short Rotation Forest

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Compost effect on bacterial and fungal colonization of kermes oak leaf litter in a terrestrial Mediterranean ecosystem

Applied Soil Ecology ◽

10.1016/j.apsoil.2005.02.010 ◽

2005 ◽

Vol 30 (2) ◽

pp. 79-89 ◽

Cited By ~ 12

Author(s):

M. Larchevêque ◽

V. Baldy ◽

N. Korboulewsky ◽

E. Ormeño ◽

C. Fernandez

Keyword(s):

Leaf Litter ◽

Mediterranean Ecosystem ◽

Fungal Colonization ◽

Kermes Oak

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The impact of eucalypt on the leaf-associated aquatic hyphomycetes in Spanish streams

Canadian Journal of Botany ◽

10.1139/b97-097 ◽

1997 ◽

Vol 75 (6) ◽

pp. 880-887 ◽

Cited By ~ 34

Author(s):

Eric Chauvet ◽

Eric Fabre ◽

Arturo Elósegui ◽

Jesús Pozo

Keyword(s):

Leaf Litter ◽

Basque Country ◽

Alnus Glutinosa ◽

Fungal Species ◽

Aquatic Hyphomycetes ◽

Fungal Colonization ◽

Important Species ◽

Conidial Production ◽

The Impact ◽

Leaf Species

Aquatic hyphomycete assemblages on decomposing leaf litter of the exotic species Eucalyptus globulus Labill. were compared with those on the native riparian species Alnus glutinosa (L.) Gaertn. in three low-order streams of the Agüera watershed (Basque Country – Cantabria, Spain). These streams contrast by the importance of eucalypt in the riparian vegetation and by the nutrient contents in the water. Neither the total conidial production nor the number of fungal species differed between the two leaf species in any of the streams. Fungal colonization of eucalypt leaves appeared to be delayed by about 2 weeks, probably owing to their high content in inhibitory constituents. While Flagellospora curvula Ingold largely dominated pioneer assemblages on both leaf species, the second most important species, Lunulospora curvula Ingold, exhibited a preference for eucalypt. In the stream surrounded by eucalypt, the fungal diversity was surprisingly lower on eucalypt than on alder. In the stream with higher orthophosphate concentrations, the conidial production was similarly increased on both leaf species. The present data together with recent results from a similar investigation in Portugal suggest a minor impact of eucalypt on the activity and diversity of aquatic hyphomycete leaf-associated assemblages in southern European streams. Key words: aquatic hyphomycetes, eucalypt, alder, leaf litter, stream.

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From Litterfall to Breakdown in Streams: A Review

The Scientific World JOURNAL ◽

10.1100/tsw.2001.103 ◽

2001 ◽

Vol 1 ◽

pp. 656-680 ◽

Cited By ~ 195

Author(s):

Manuela Abelho

Keyword(s):

Organic Matter ◽

Leaf Litter ◽

Standing Stock ◽

Fungal Colonization ◽

Allochthonous Organic Matter ◽

Factors Affecting ◽

Breakdown Rates ◽

And Storage ◽

Leaf Species ◽

Organic Matter Breakdown

This paper is a review of recent (≤10 years) information on litterfall, standing stock of benthic organic matter, breakdown rates, and fungal colonization of organic matter in streams. In some cases, recent research reinforces the findings of classic reference papers. In other cases, the additional knowledge provided by recent research introduces a higher variation in the processes analyzed. In many aspects, especially those concerning stream organic matter, the review is biased towards the temperate North American streams, reflecting the fact that most research was carried out there. However, during the 1990s European studies increased enormously, especially those related with instream processes, such as leaf litter decomposition. The first part of this review analyzes the origin of allochthonous organic matter to streams (litterfall, retention, and storage), and it provides data on the amounts estimated in different streams and on the methodology used in the studies. The second part analyzes the fate of detritus in streams: mechanisms of leaf breakdown, relative importance of fungi and bacteria, factors affecting the activity of microbial decomposers, and chemical changes of leaf litter during decomposition. A list of breakdown rates of several different leaf species is given, together with the methodology used, and the main characteristics of the incubation streams.

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Diversity of fungi in decomposition process the Avicennia marina leaf litter at various level of salinity

IOP Conference Series Earth and Environmental Science ◽

10.1088/1755-1315/886/1/012063 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 886 (1) ◽

pp. 012063

Author(s):

Yunasfi ◽

Derita ◽

Ipanna Enggar Susetya ◽

Rusdi Leidonald

Keyword(s):

Species Diversity ◽

Leaf Litter ◽

Avicennia Marina ◽

Diversity Indices ◽

Fungal Species ◽

Fungal Colonization ◽

Isolation And Identification ◽

Litter Bags ◽

Litter Bag ◽

Factors Affecting

Abstract Factors affecting the rate of the decomposition are animals and microorganisms such as worms, snails, bacteria, fungi etc. as well as environmental conditions, such as type of soil, pH and salinity of water, etc. This research was conducted at the Deli Belawan River and Forest Cultivation Laboratory, Medan, North Sumatra Sumatera. A study was undertaken to find out the effect of the salinity on : the number of species, the population, the species diversity and the frequency of colonization of the different species of fungi during the process of the composition of the A. marina leaf litter decomposition. The leaf litter of A. marina to be put in a litter bag that is 50 g and it’s 33 litter bags for each level of salinity totally. The level of salinity to be used such as < 10, 10 – 20, 20 – 30 and > 30 ppt. The time series to collect data were 0 (control), 15, 30, 45, 60, 75, 90, 105, 120, 135, 150, and 165 days. The leaf litter of A. marina in a litter bag was taken from each salinity level that was three bags for each time. It was used for isolation and identification of the fungi. There were 21 fungal species isolated from the A. marina leaf litter before being decomposed and from those decomposed at < 10, 10 – 20, 20 – 30 and > 30 ppt. The highest population was found in the leaf litter before being decomposed with an average of 1.6 × 103 cfu/ml. The Species Diversity Indices of the fungi isolated from the leaf litter at < 10, 10 – 20, 20 – 30, and > 30 ppt were 1.96, 1.86, 1.75 and 1,50. The frequency of the fungal colonization ranged from 9.1 to 100 %.

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