scholarly journals Arguments for the optimisation of using biomass for energy production

2013 ◽  
Vol 7 (2-3) ◽  
pp. 103-108
Author(s):  
István Takács ◽  
Katalin Takács-György
Keyword(s):  
Supply Chain ◽  
Environmental Economic ◽  
Energy Production ◽  
Social Sustainability ◽  
Biomass Energy ◽  
Embodied Energy ◽  
Net Energy ◽  
Test Model ◽  
Innovation Cluster ◽  
By Products

Using biomass to produce energy is not a new idea. In the past, the by-products of energy(?) production processes or naturally grown materials were mainly used for energy production. At the same time, during the production of biomass the conventional sources of energy are used (fuels, the embodied energy of which is used in the production of the biomass and equipment, etc.) which must be taken into account when determining the net energy production. This research aims to examine how to optimise the production and use of biomass energy and its supply chain in the energetic and economic criteria system, as well as how to impact upon the managing models of the processes to the energetic and economic parameters of the supply chain; we ask what criteria characterise the natural (environmental), economic and social sustainability, and how they can be implemented e.g. within the framework of an innovation cluster. This article describes a test model, and analyses the results of the model examinations and the conditions for compliance with sustainability criteria. Arguing the environmental, economic and social sustainability among the criteria of the model for evaluation is not possible at all times by means of direct indicators. The results of the research proved that only multi-criteria optimisation models serve a proper decision-making instrument for the evaluation of biomass utilisation for energy production.

Net Energy Analysis for Sustainable Energy Production From Silicon Based Solar Cells

Solar Energy ◽  
2002 ◽  
Author(s):  
Joshua Pearce ◽  
Andrew Lau
Keyword(s):  
Solar Cells ◽  
Energy Production ◽  
Energy Analysis ◽  
Material Balance ◽  
Geographic Location ◽  
Embodied Energy ◽  
Energy Requirements ◽  
Net Energy ◽  
Pv Systems ◽  
Silicon Based

A number of detailed studies on the energy requirements on the three types of photovoltaic (PV) materials, which make up the majority of the active solar market: single crystal, polycrystalline, and amorphous silicon were reviewed. It was found that modern PV cells based on these silicon technologies pay for themselves in terms of energy in a few years (1–5 years). They thus generate enough energy over their lifetimes to reproduce themselves many times (6–31 reproductions) depending on what type of material, balance of system, and the geographic location of the system. It was found that regardless of material, built-in PV systems are a superior ecological choice to centralized PV plants. Finally, the results indicate that efficiency plays a secondary role to embodied energy in the overall net energy production of modern solar cells.

scholarly journals Research on Environmental, Economic, and Social Sustainability in Dairy Farming: A Systematic Mapping of Current Literature

2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (14) ◽  
pp. 5502 ◽  
Author(s):  
Katarina Arvidsson Segerkvist ◽  
Helena Hansson ◽  
Ulf Sonesson ◽  
Stefan Gunnarsson
Keyword(s):  
Environmental Economic ◽  
Scientific Literature ◽  
Social Sustainability ◽  
Dairy Farming ◽  
Three Dimensions ◽  
Positive Interactions ◽  
Fibrous Materials ◽  
Future Production ◽  
Sustainability Challenges ◽  
By Products

Dairy cows are able to convert fibrous materials, such as grass, roughage, and by-products from the food industry, into milk and meat, which justifies their role in food production. However, modern dairy farming is associated with major sustainability challenges, including greenhouse gas emissions. In order to develop sustainable future production, it is important to implement existing knowledge and fill knowledge gaps. The aim of this study was to systematically map the scientific literature on environmental, economic, and social sustainability at farm level in dairy farming. Literature published between January 2000 and March 2020 and with the geographical focus on Europe, North America, and Australia–New Zealand was included. In total, the literature search resulted in 169 hits, but after removing duplicates and papers outside the study scope only 35 papers remained. Of these, only 11 dealt with the three dimensions of sustainability, and several of these only mentioned one or two of the dimensions or set them in relation to that/those actually studied. Overall, the selected literature did not clearly explain how aspects of sustainability are interlinked, so possible negative or positive interactions between different aspects of sustainability dimensions remain unidentified.

Scope for Sustainability in the Fashion Industry Supply Chain

2021 ◽  
pp. 71-89
Author(s):  
Kiara Carranza Gudiel ◽  
Rob Kim Marjerison ◽  
Yuxi Zhao
Keyword(s):  
Supply Chain ◽  
Environmental Economic ◽  
Technological Innovation ◽  
Carbon Emissions ◽  
Sustainable Design ◽  
Social Sustainability ◽  
Fashion Industry ◽  
Intrinsic Contradiction ◽  
Mode Of Production

This chapter seeks to determine whether entrepreneurial technological innovation can mitigate the intrinsic contradiction between short-term fashion and the long-term fashion industry in the supply chain to achieve environmental, economic, and social sustainability. The current fashion industry is driven by the ephemeral nature of fashion and its associated wastes which are not very sustainable. Although literature has demonstrated that operations research can be used to reduce inventory wastes, whether emerging technologies can reformat the whole mode of production in the fashion industry to be more sustainable remains unknown. Through interviewing professionals who specialize in the three key stages in the supply chain, this chapter concludes that the transition to sustainability is possible if technology is not just regarded as a tool to reduce carbon emissions, but used to materialize the sustainable design philosophy and integrated into the sustainability rebranding process in the whole supply chain from beginning to end.

scholarly journals A brief overview on valorization of industrial tomato by-products using the biorefinery cascade approach

Detritus ◽  
2021 ◽  
pp. 31-39
Author(s):  
Marcello Casa ◽  
Michele Miccio ◽  
Giovanni De Feo ◽  
Andrea Paulillo ◽  
Roberto Chirone ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Supply Chain ◽  
Energy Production ◽  
Added Value ◽  
Gelling Agent ◽  
Worst Case ◽  
Tomato Pomace ◽  
Industrial Processing ◽  
Flow Balance ◽  
Extraction Separation ◽  
By Products

The industrial processing of tomato leads to substantial amounts of residues, typically known as tomato pomace or by-products, which can represent as much as 10% by weight of fresh tomatoes. At present, these residues are either used as feedstock for animals or, in the worst case, disposed of in landfills. This represents a significant waste because tomato pomace contains high-value compounds like lycopene, a powerful antioxidant, cutin, which can be used as a starting material for biopolymers, and pectin, a gelling agent. This article presents an overview of technologies that valorize tomato by-products by recovering added-value compounds as well as generating fuel for energy production. These technologies include operations for extraction, separation, and exploitation of lycopene, cutin and pectin, as well as the processes for conversion of the solid residues to fuels. Data collected from the review has been used to develop a biorefinery scheme with the related mass flow balance, for a scenario involving the tomato supply chain of Regione Campania in Italy, using tomato by-products as feedstock.

scholarly journals Transport Cost Estimation Model of the Agroforestry Biomass in a Small-Scale Energy Chain

2020 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 22
Author(s):  
Giulio Sperandio ◽  
Andrea Acampora ◽  
Vincenzo Civitarese ◽  
Sofia Bajocco ◽  
Marco Bascietto
Keyword(s):  
Supply Chain ◽  
Power Plant ◽  
Central Italy ◽  
Biomass Energy ◽  
Transport Cost ◽  
Small Scale ◽  
Economic Sustainability ◽  
Transport Costs ◽  
Energy Chain ◽  
Biomass Power Plant

The delivery of biomass products from the production place to the point of final use is of fundamental importance within the constitution of energy chains based on biomass use as renewable energy source. In fact, transport can be one of the most economically expensive operations of the entire biomass energy production process. In this work, a geographic identification, through remote sensing and photo-interpretation, of the different biomass sources was used to estimate the potential available biomass for energy in a small-scale supply chain. The economic sustainability of transport costs was calculated for different types of biomass sources available close to a biomass power plant of a small-scale energy supply chain, in central Italy. The proposed analysis allows us to highlight and visualize on the map the areas of the territory characterized by greater economic sustainability in terms of lower transport costs of residual agroforestry biomass from the collection point to the final point identified with the biomass power plant. The higher transport cost was around € 40 Mg−1, compared to the lowest of € 12 Mg−1.

scholarly journals Biogenic vs. geologic carbon emissions and forest biomass energy production

GCB Bioenergy ◽  
2011 ◽  
Vol 4 (3) ◽  
pp. 239-242 ◽  
Author(s):  
John S. Gunn ◽  
David J. Ganz ◽  
William S. Keeton
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Emissions ◽  
Energy Production ◽  
Forest Biomass ◽  
Biomass Energy

How can mixed integer linear programming assist dairy manufacturers by integrating supply decisions and production planning?

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
pp. 178-193
Author(s):  
Juliana Emidio ◽  
Rafael Lima ◽  
Camila Leal ◽  
Grasiele Madrona
Keyword(s):  
Linear Programming ◽  
Supply Chain ◽  
Integer Linear Programming ◽  
Mixed Integer Linear Programming ◽  
Dairy Products ◽  
Raw Milk ◽  
Mixed Integer ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Proposed Model ◽  
By Products

PurposeThe dairy industry needs to make important decisions regarding its supply chain. In a context with many available suppliers, deciding which of them will be part of the supply chain and deciding when to buy raw milk is key to the supply chain performance. This study aims to propose a mathematical model to support milk supply decisions. In addition to determining which producers should be chosen as suppliers, the model decides on a milk pickup schedule over a planning horizon. The model addresses production decisions, inventory, setup and the use of by-products generated in the raw milk processing.Design/methodology/approachThe model was formulated using mixed integer linear programming, tested with randomly generated instances of various sizes and solved using the Gurobi Solver. Instances were generated using parameters obtained from a company that manufactures dairy products to test the model in a more realistic scenario.FindingsThe results show that the proposed model can be solved with real-world sized instances in short computational times and yielding high quality results. Hence, companies can adopt this model to reduce transportation, production and inventory costs by supporting decision making throughout their supply chains.Originality/valueThe novelty of the proposed model stems from the ability to integrate milk pickup and production planning of dairy products, thus being more comprehensive than the models currently available in the literature. Additionally, the model also considers by-products, which can be used as inputs for other products.

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