Rootstocks to improve root function and resource-use efficiency

2021 ◽  
pp. 561-588
Author(s):  
Francisco Pérez-Alfocea ◽  
◽  
Stephen Yeboah ◽  
Ian C. Dodd ◽  
◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Resource Use ◽  
Stomatal Closure ◽  
Nutrient Use Efficiency ◽  
Crop Improvement ◽  
Resource Use Efficiency ◽  
Form And Function ◽  
Nutrient Use ◽  
Use Efficiency ◽  
And Function

Grafting, a surgical technique to attach genetically different shoots and roots (scions and rootstocks) allows “designer root systems” to enhance agricultural productivity and sustainability. Rootstocks improve plant nutrient relations by increasing nutrient capture and/or nutrient use efficiency, by multiple mechanisms including altered root morphology. Moreover, rootstocks can enhance water uptake and/or diminish water loss according to changes in root form and function, and root-to-shoot phytohormonal signalling. While the role of root-to-shoot ABA signalling in effecting stomatal closure is equivocal, root-sourced cytokinins and ACC regulate shoot senescence and vegetative growth respectively. Rootstock-mediated crop improvement offers opportunities to enhance crop resource use efficiency, especially in the developing world.

What Won’t Work

2012 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. Ford Denison
Keyword(s):  
Plant Breeding ◽  
Water Use ◽  
Resource Use ◽  
Genetic Improvement ◽  
Nutrient Use Efficiency ◽  
Yield Potential ◽  
Resource Use Efficiency ◽  
Nutrient Use ◽  
Use Efficiency ◽  
Near Term

This chapter considers the challenge of improving crop resource-use efficiency using biotechnology or traditional plant breeding. It argues that some of biotechnology's stated goals, such as more efficient use of water by crops, are unlikely to be achieved without tradeoffs. After providing an overview of crop genetic improvement via traditional plant breeding or biotechnology, the chapter discusses the importance of greater resource-use efficiency and increasing yield potential. It then explains how natural selection has improved the efficiency of photosynthesis as well as water-use efficiency and how tradeoffs limit biotechnology improvement of crop water use. It also assesses the potential of genetic engineering to improve nutrient-use efficiency and asserts that near-term benefits of biotechnology have been exaggerated. The chapter concludes with a review of biotechnology's possible benefits and risks.

The Role of Nanofertilizers in Smart Agriculture: An Effective Approach to Increase Nutrient Use Efficiency

2021 ◽  
pp. 493-510
Author(s):  
Devendra Jain ◽  
Suman Sanadhya ◽  
Heena Saheewala ◽  
Arunabh Joshi ◽  
Ali Asger Bhojiya ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Nutrient Use Efficiency ◽  
Nutrient Use ◽  
Use Efficiency ◽  
Smart Agriculture

Beneficial role of endophytes in biofortification of Zn in wheat genotypes varying in nutrient use efficiency grown in soils sufficient and deficient in Zn

2017 ◽  
Vol 416 (1-2) ◽  
pp. 107-116 ◽  
Author(s):  
Devendra Singh ◽  
Mahendra Vikram Singh Rajawat ◽  
Rajeev Kaushik ◽  
Radha Prasanna ◽  
Anil Kumar Saxena
Keyword(s):  
Nutrient Use Efficiency ◽  
Wheat Genotypes ◽  
Beneficial Role ◽  
Nutrient Use ◽  
Use Efficiency

scholarly journals Unraveling the Role of Red:Blue LED Lights on Resource Use Efficiency and Nutritional Properties of Indoor Grown Sweet Basil

2019 ◽  
Vol 10 ◽  
Author(s):  
Giuseppina Pennisi ◽  
Sonia Blasioli ◽  
Antonio Cellini ◽  
Lorenzo Maia ◽  
Andrea Crepaldi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Resource Use ◽  
Resource Use Efficiency ◽  
Nutritional Properties ◽  
Sweet Basil ◽  
Use Efficiency ◽  
Led Lights

scholarly journals Deconstructing agronomic resource use efficiencies to increase food production

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
John R. Porter ◽  
Peter J. Thorburn ◽  
Hamish E. Brown ◽  
Edmar I. Teixeira ◽  
Derrick J. Moot ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Resource Use ◽  
Food Production ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Cropping Systems ◽  
Nutrient Use Efficiency ◽  
Maximum Efficiency ◽  
Nutrient Use ◽  
Increase Food Production ◽  
Use Efficiency ◽  
The Difference

Highlights- Novel ideosystem method of analysing processes of food production, focussing on resource use efficiencies.- Interactions between resource use efficiencies are asymmetrical. - The ideosystem concept portrays how far a production system approaches maximum efficiency.   Food production per unit land area needs to be increased, thus cropping systems need to use nutrients, water and solar radiation at as close to maximal efficiencies as possible. We deconstruct these efficiencies into their components to define a theoretical crop ideosystem, in which all resource use efficiencies are maximised. This defines an upper biological limit to food production. We then quantify the difference between maximum use efficiencies and those observed in three agronomic systems (maize, cocksfoot, sugarcane) and identify how, in actual farm systems, efficiencies can be raised to raise food production. We find that crop nutrient use efficiency can be limited by low water availability; thus adding nutrients would not raise production but adding water would. The converse situation of water use efficiency being affected by nutrition is not as evident. Ideosystem thinking can be used to define small- and large-scale agronomic systems that optimize water and nutrient use to maximise food production.

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