scholarly journals Alpha-cyclodextrin Attenuates the Glycemic and Insulinemic Impact of White Bread in Healthy Male Volunteers

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Albert Bär ◽  
Ioannis Diamantis ◽  
Werner Venetz
Keyword(s):  
Drinking Water ◽  
Plasma Glucose ◽  
Venous Blood ◽  
Gastrointestinal Symptoms ◽  
Time Profile ◽  
White Bread ◽  
Healthy Male ◽  
Blood Samples ◽  
Healthy Male Volunteers ◽  
Male Volunteers

Twelve overnight fasted, healthy, male volunteers received on separate days a test breakfast consisting of (A) 100 g fresh white bread (providing 50 g starch) and 250 mL drinking water, (B) the same bread with a supplement of 10 g alpha-cyclodextrin dissolved in the drinking water (250 mL), and (C) 250 mL drinking water containing 25 g alpha-cyclodextrin. Capillary and venous blood samples were collected before breakfast and at regular intervals for a period of 3 hours thereafter. Plasma glucose was determined in capillary blood and plasma insulin in venous blood samples. Breakfast (A) let to the expected rise in blood glucose and insulin concentrations. Breakfast (C) did not produce a significant glycemic and insulinemic response, demonstrating that alpha-cyclodextrin is not hydrolyzed to glucose in the human digestive tract. Mild intestinal symptoms after the ingestion of alpha-cyclodextrin were reported by 4 subjects. The postprandial rises of plasma glucose and insulin were significantly smaller after breakfast (B) than (A). Under the conditions of this study, alpha-cyclodextrin reduced the glycemic and insulinemic index of white bread by 57 and 55 %, respectively. The postprandial time profile of plasma glucose and insulin suggests that, in an initial phase, the digestion of starch is inhibited by alpha-cyclodextrin almost completely. Yet, despite the delayed and reduced digestion of starch, the intake of breakfast (B) was not associated with flatulence or any other gastrointestinal symptoms.

scholarly journals Alpha-Cyclodextrin Attenuates the Glycemic and Insulinemic Impact of White Bread in Healthy Male Volunteers

Foods ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 62
Author(s):  
Albert Bär ◽  
Ioannis Diamantis ◽  
Werner P. Venetz
Keyword(s):  
Drinking Water ◽  
Blood Glucose ◽  
Venous Blood ◽  
White Bread ◽  
Rapid Rise ◽  
Healthy Male ◽  
Current Definition ◽  
Healthy Male Volunteers ◽  
Male Volunteers ◽  
Definition Of

The demonstration of a physiological benefit has recently become an indispensible element of the definition of dietary fibers. In the here-reported pilot study, the effect of alpha-cyclodextrin (alpha-CD) on the postprandial glycemic and insulinemic effect of starch was examined. Twelve fasted, healthy male volunteers received, on three subsequent days, a test breakfast consisting of (A) 100 g fresh white bread (providing 50 g starch) and 250 mL drinking water, (B) the same bread with a supplement of 10 g alpha-CD dissolved in the drinking water, and (C) 25 g alpha-CD dissolved in drinking water. Capillary and venous blood was sampled before the breakfast and in regular intervals for a three-hour period thereafter. Glucose was determined in capillary blood and insulin in the plasma of venous blood samples. Breakfast (A) led to a rapid rise in blood glucose and insulin. In breakfast (B), alpha-CD reduced the areas under the curve of blood glucose and insulin significantly by 59% and 57%, respectively, demonstrating that alpha-CD inhibits and thereby delays starch digestion. Treatment (C) was not associated with a rise of blood glucose. Hence, alpha-CD complies with the current definition of dietary fiber in every respect.

Glucocorticoid treatment is associated with dose-dependent insulin resistance in healthy male volunteers

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Riccardo Pofi ◽  
Ilaria Bonaventura ◽  
Nanthia Othonos ◽  
Thomas Marjot ◽  
Ahmed Moolla ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Insulin Resistance ◽  
Healthy Male ◽  
Glucocorticoid Treatment ◽  
Healthy Male Volunteers ◽  
Male Volunteers ◽  
Dose Dependent

Liquid Chromatography-Tandem Mass Spectrometry Method for Ticagrelor and its Active Metabolite Determination in Human Plasma: Application to a Pharmacokinetic Study

2020 ◽  
Vol 16 (5) ◽  
pp. 602-608
Author(s):  
Niloufar Marsousi ◽  
Serge Rudaz ◽  
Jules A. Desmeules ◽  
Youssef Daali
Keyword(s):  
Clinical Trial ◽  
Formic Acid ◽  
Human Plasma ◽  
Active Metabolite ◽  
Pharmacokinetic Parameters ◽  
Pharmacokinetic Studies ◽  
Healthy Male ◽  
Coronary Syndrome ◽  
Healthy Male Volunteers ◽  
Male Volunteers

Background: Ticagrelor is a highly recommended new antiplatelet agent for the treatment of patients with acute coronary syndrome at moderate or high ischemic risk. There is a real need for rapid and accurate analytical methods for ticagrelor determination in biological fluids for pharmacokinetic studies. In this study, a sensitive and specific LC-MS method was developed and validated for quantification of ticagrelor and its Active Metabolite (AM) in human plasma over expected clinical concentrations. Methods: Samples were handled by Liquid-Liquid Extraction (LLE). A linear gradient was applied with a mobile phase composed of formic acid 0.1% and acetonitrile with 0.1% of formic acid using a C18 reversed-phase column. MS spectra were obtained by electrospray ionization in negative mode and optimized at 521.4→360.9 m/z, 477.2→361.2 m/z and 528.1→367.9 m/z transitions for ticagrelor, AM and ticagrelor-d7, respectively. Results: This method allowed rapid elution, in less than 4 minutes, and quantification of concentrations as low as 2 ng/mL for ticagrelor and 1 ng/mL for AM using only 100 μL of human plasma. LLE using hexane/ethyl acetate (50/50) was an optimal compromise in terms of extraction recovery and endogenous compounds interference. Trueness values of 87.8% and 89.5% and precisions of 84.1% and 93.8% were obtained for ticagrelor and AM, respectively. Finally, the usefulness of the method was assessed in a clinical trial where a single 180 mg ticagrelor was orally administered to healthy male volunteers. Pharmacokinetic parameters of ticagrelor and its active metabolite were successfully determined. Conclusion: A sensitive and specific quantification LC-MS-MS method was developed and validated for ticagrelor and its active metabolite determination in human plasma. The method was successfully applied to a clinical trial where a single ticagrelor 180 mg dose was orally administered to healthy male volunteers. The described method allows quantification of concentrations as low as 2 ng/mL of ticagrelor and 1 ng/mL of the metabolite using only 100 μL of plasma.

Tapentadol results in less deterioration of gastrointestinal function and symptoms than standard opioid therapy in healthy male volunteers

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Esben Bolvig Mark ◽  
Rasmus Bach Nedergaard ◽  
Tine Maria Hansen ◽  
Thomas Dahl Nissen ◽  
Jens Brøndum Frøkjær ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Opioid Therapy ◽  
Gastrointestinal Function ◽  
Healthy Male ◽  
Healthy Male Volunteers ◽  
Male Volunteers
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