ANALISIS PENUTUPAN LAHAN DAN PERUBAHANNYA MENJADI KELAPA SAWIT DI INDONESIA (Studi Kasus di 5 Pulau Besar di Indonesia periode 1990 s.d 2010)

2013 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
pp. 10
Author(s):  
Petrus Gunarso ◽  
Manjela Eko Hartoyo ◽  
Yuli Nugroho
Keyword(s):  
Land Use ◽  
Land Cover ◽  
Land Cover Change ◽  
Oil Palm ◽  
Visual Analysis ◽  
Secondary Forest ◽  
Quantitative Information ◽  
Primary Forest ◽  
Rubber Plantation ◽  
Oil Palm Plantation

Indonesia is one of the largest crude palm oil (CPO) producing countries in the world and at the same time have experienced high levels of deforestation. The link between deforestation and expansion of oil palm plantation has been a source of controversy, which has been exacerbated by the lack of objective quantitative information on the nature of land use and land cover change and the expansion of oil palm plantations.  This report provides an independent analysis of land use and land cover change for a broad range of land cover classes for five main Islands in  Indonesia, namely Sumatra, Java, Kalimantan, Sulawesi, and Papua based on Landsat TM satellite images. Visual analysis and on screen digitizing methods were employed to create a nation-wide land cover classification that spans two decades (1990 to 2010). Three temporal epochs (1990 to 2000, 2000 to 2005 and 2005 to 2010) correspond to a period of time with significant changes in land cover and land uses in Indonesia. Expansion of oil palm plantation in Indonesia shows that most of the expansion exists as a follow on transition from disturbed forest (secondary forest), agricultural lands (mainly rubber plantation), and low biomass land cover types, including shrub land and grassland than formerly reported to be majority from undisturbed forest (primary forest).  

scholarly journals Examining Land Use/Land Cover Change and Its Prediction Based on a Multilayer Perceptron Markov Approach in the Luki Biosphere Reserve, Democratic Republic of Congo

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (12) ◽  
pp. 6898
Author(s):  
Opelele Omeno Michel ◽  
Yu Ying ◽  
Fan Wenyi ◽  
Chen Chen ◽  
Kachaka Sudi Kaiko
Keyword(s):  
Land Use ◽  
Land Cover ◽  
Land Cover Change ◽  
Multilayer Perceptron ◽  
Secondary Forest ◽  
Biosphere Reserve ◽  
Primary Forest ◽  
Fallow Land ◽  
Land Use Land Cover ◽  
Landscape Metric

Villages within the Luki Biosphere Reserve and the surrounding cities have undergone rapid demographic growth and urbanization that have impacted the reserve’s natural landscape. However, no study has focused on the spatiotemporal analysis of its land use/land cover. The present research aims at providing a comprehensive analysis of land use/land cover change in the Luki Biosphere Reserve from the year 1987 to 2020, and to predict its future change for the year 2038. Landsat images were classified in order to provide land use/land cover maps for the years 1987, 2002, 2017 and 2020. Based on these maps, change detection, gradient direction, and landscape metric analyses were performed. In addition, land use/land cover change prediction was carried out using the Multilayer Perceptron Markov model. The results revealed significant land use/land cover changes in the Luki Biosphere Reserve during the study period. Indeed, tremendous changes in the primary forest, which lost around 17.8% of its total area, were noted. Other classes, notably savannah, secondary forest, built-up area, fallow land and fields had gained 79.35, 1150.36, 67.63, 3852.12 hectares, respectively. Based on the landscape metric analysis, it was revealed that built-up areas and fallow land and fields experienced an aggregation trend, while other classes showed disaggregation and fragmentation trends. Analysis further revealed that village expansion has significantly affected the process of land use/land cover change in the Luki Biosphere Reserve. However, the prediction results revealed that the primary forest will continue to increase while built-up area, fallow land and fields will follow a trend similar to a previous one. As for secondary forest and savannah, the forecast revealed a decrease of the extent during the period extending from 2020 to 2038. The present findings will benefit the decision makers, particularly in the sustainable natural resources management of the Luki Biosphere Reserve.

scholarly journals Spatial near future modeling of land use and land cover changes in the temperate forests of Mexico

PeerJ ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 7 ◽  
pp. e6617 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jesús A. Prieto-Amparán ◽  
Federico Villarreal-Guerrero ◽  
Martin Martínez-Salvador ◽  
Carlos Manjarrez-Domínguez ◽  
Griselda Vázquez-Quintero ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Land Use ◽  
Land Cover ◽  
Land Cover Change ◽  
Temperate Forests ◽  
Secondary Forest ◽  
Primary Forest ◽  
Support Vector ◽  
Land Cover Changes ◽  
Land Use Land Cover ◽  
Kappa Index

The loss of temperate forests of Mexico has continued in recent decades despite wide recognition of their importance to maintaining biodiversity. This study analyzes land use/land cover change scenarios, using satellite images from the Landsat sensor. Images corresponded to the years 1990, 2005 and 2017. The scenarios were applied for the temperate forests with the aim of getting a better understanding of the patterns in land use/land cover changes. The Support Vector Machine (SVM) multispectral classification technique served to determine the land use/land cover types, which were validated through the Kappa Index. For the simulation of land use/land cover dynamics, a model developed in Dinamica-EGO was used, which uses stochastic models of Markov Chains, Cellular Automata and Weight of Evidences. For the study, a stationary, an optimistic and a pessimistic scenario were proposed. The projections based on the three scenarios were simulated for the year 2050. Five types of land use/land cover were identified and evaluated. They were primary forest, secondary forest, human settlements, areas without vegetation and water bodies. Results from the land use/land cover change analysis show a substantial gain for the secondary forest. The surface area of the primary forest was reduced from 55.8% in 1990 to 37.7% in 2017. Moreover, the three projected scenarios estimate further losses of the surface are for the primary forest, especially under the stationary and pessimistic scenarios. This highlights the importance and probably urgent implementation of conservation and protection measures to preserve these ecosystems and their services. Based on the accuracy obtained and on the models generated, results from these methodologies can serve as a decision tool to contribute to the sustainable management of the natural resources of a region.

scholarly journals Dynamic of the Land Use and Land Cover Change in Banyuwangi Regency From 1995-2019

Jurnal Wasian ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
pp. 121-132
Author(s):  
Nurlita Wahyuni ◽  
◽  
Abdul Hasyim ◽  
Soemarno Soemarno
Keyword(s):  
Land Use ◽  
Land Cover ◽  
Land Cover Change ◽  
Mangrove Forest ◽  
Supervised Classification ◽  
Secondary Forest ◽  
Primary Forest ◽  
Forest Plantation ◽  
Climate Control ◽  
Barren Land

The land use and land cover change phenomenon has become one concern over many regions worldwide, including Indonesia. Land use and land cover change due to human activities triggered alteration terrestrial ecosystems and its services including climate control functions. The study aimed to analyze land use and land cover change in Banyuwangi regency during 1995 – 2019. Four satellite images from acquisition year 1995, 2000, 2014 and 2019 were used to analyze the spatial and temporal changes along with field observations. The classification processes of land use and land cover included determination of training areas, supervised classification, and accuracy assessment. There are 12 land use and land cover based on supervised classification as follow primary forest, secondary forest, plantation forest, mangrove forest, plantation, settlement, cropland, paddy field, shrubs, water, fishpond and barren land. The result showed during observation period of 1995 until 2019 land use and land cover which tends to decrease are secondary forest, mangrove forest, and rice fields. On the other hand, the area of settlements, shrubs and fishponds were increased significantly.

scholarly journals Spatial near future modeling of land use and land cover changes in the temperate forests of Mexico

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jesús A Prieto-Amparán ◽  
Federico Villarreal-Guerrero ◽  
Martin Martínez-Salvador ◽  
Carlos Manjarrez-Domínguez ◽  
Griselda Vázquez-Quintero ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Land Use ◽  
Land Cover ◽  
Land Cover Change ◽  
Temperate Forests ◽  
Secondary Forest ◽  
Primary Forest ◽  
Support Vector ◽  
Land Cover Changes ◽  
Land Use Land Cover ◽  
Kappa Index

The loss of temperate forests of Mexico has continued in recent decades despite wide recognition of their importance to maintaining biodiversity. This study analyzes land use/land cover change scenarios, using satellite images from the Landsat sensor. Images corresponded to the years 1990, 2005 and 2017. The scenarios were applied for the temperate forests with the aim of getting a better understanding of the patterns in land use/land cover changes. The Support Vector Machine (SVM) multispectral classification technique served to determine the land use/land cover types, which were validated through the Kappa Index. For the simulation of land use/land cover dynamics, a model developed in Dinamica-EGO was used, which uses stochastic models of Markov Chains, Cellular Automata and Weight of Evidences. For the study, a stationary, an optimistic and a pessimistic scenario were proposed. The projections based on the three scenarios were simulated for the year 2050. Five types of land use/land cover were identified and evaluated. They were primary forest, secondary forest, human settlements, areas without vegetation and water bodies. Results from the land use/land cover change analysis show a substantial gain for the secondary forest. The surface area of the primary forest was reduced from 55.8% in 1990 to 37.7% in 2017. Moreover, the three projected scenarios estimate further losses of the surface are for the primary forest, especially under the stationary and pessimistic scenarios. This highlights the importance and probably urgent implementation of conservation and protection measures to preserve these ecosystems and their services. Based on the accuracy obtained and, on the models generated, results from these methodologies can serve as a decision tool to contribute to the sustainable management of the natural resources of a region.

scholarly journals Spatial near future modeling of land use and land cover changes in the temperate forests of Mexico

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jesús A Prieto-Amparán ◽  
Federico Villarreal-Guerrero ◽  
Martin Martínez-Salvador ◽  
Carlos Manjarrez-Domínguez ◽  
Griselda Vázquez-Quintero ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Land Use ◽  
Land Cover ◽  
Land Cover Change ◽  
Temperate Forests ◽  
Secondary Forest ◽  
Primary Forest ◽  
Support Vector ◽  
Land Cover Changes ◽  
Land Use Land Cover ◽  
Kappa Index

The loss of temperate forests of Mexico has continued in recent decades despite wide recognition of their importance to maintaining biodiversity. This study analyzes land use/land cover change scenarios, using satellite images from the Landsat sensor. Images corresponded to the years 1990, 2005 and 2017. The scenarios were applied for the temperate forests with the aim of getting a better understanding of the patterns in land use/land cover changes. The Support Vector Machine (SVM) multispectral classification technique served to determine the land use/land cover types, which were validated through the Kappa Index. For the simulation of land use/land cover dynamics, a model developed in Dinamica-EGO was used, which uses stochastic models of Markov Chains, Cellular Automata and Weight of Evidences. For the study, a stationary, an optimistic and a pessimistic scenario were proposed. The projections based on the three scenarios were simulated for the year 2050. Five types of land use/land cover were identified and evaluated. They were primary forest, secondary forest, human settlements, areas without vegetation and water bodies. Results from the land use/land cover change analysis show a substantial gain for the secondary forest. The surface area of the primary forest was reduced from 55.8% in 1990 to 37.7% in 2017. Moreover, the three projected scenarios estimate further losses of the surface are for the primary forest, especially under the stationary and pessimistic scenarios. This highlights the importance and probably urgent implementation of conservation and protection measures to preserve these ecosystems and their services. Based on the accuracy obtained and, on the models generated, results from these methodologies can serve as a decision tool to contribute to the sustainable management of the natural resources of a region.

scholarly journals Long-Term Land-Use/Land-Cover Change Increased the Landscape Heterogeneity of a Fragmented Temperate Forest in Mexico

Forests ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (8) ◽  
pp. 1099
Author(s):  
Claudia K. Legarreta-Miranda ◽  
Jesús A. Prieto-Amparán ◽  
Federico Villarreal-Guerrero ◽  
Carlos R. Morales-Nieto ◽  
Alfredo Pinedo-Alvarez
Keyword(s):  
Land Use ◽  
Land Cover ◽  
Land Cover Change ◽  
Secondary Forest ◽  
Edge Density ◽  
Primary Forest ◽  
Support Vector ◽  
Land Use Land Cover ◽  
Machine Method ◽  
Northern Mexico

The temperate forests of northern Mexico possess a great diversity of unique and endemic species, with the greatest associations of pine-oak in the planet occurring within them. However, the ecosystems in this region had experienced an accelerated fragmentation process in the past decades. This study described and quantified the landscape fragmentation level of a degraded watershed located in this region. For that, data from the Landsat series from 1990, 2005 and 2017, classified with the Support Vector Machine method, were used. The landscape structure was analyzed based on six metrics applied at both, the landscape and class levels. Results show considerable gains in surface area for the land use land cover change (LULC) of secondary forest while the Primary Forest (PF) lost 18.1% of its area during 1990–2017. The PF increased its number of patches from 7075 to 12,318, increased its patch density (PD) from 53.51 to 58.46 # of patches/100 ha, and reduced its average patch size from 39.21 to 15.05 ha. This made the PF the most fragmented LULC from the 5 LULCs evaluated. In this study, strong fluctuations in edge density and PD were registered, which indicates the forests of northern Mexico have experienced a reduction in their productivity and have been subjected to a continuous degradation process due to disturbances such as fires, clandestine and non-properly controlled logging, among others.

scholarly journals Changes in Land Cover Analysis in The Gulf Coast Kendari Using High Resolution Satellite Image (Period: 2003-2009)

2013 ◽  
Vol 27 (2) ◽  
pp. 179 ◽  
Author(s):  
Laode Muh. Golok Jaya
Keyword(s):  
Land Use ◽  
Land Use Change ◽  
Land Cover ◽  
Public Space ◽  
Land Cover Change ◽  
Satellite Imagery ◽  
Gulf Coast ◽  
Secondary Forest ◽  
Satellite Image ◽  
Primary Forest

This research was aimed to indentify land cover change in coastal area of Kendari Bay in period 2003 to 2009. The satellite imagery data (Ikonos and Quick Bird) collected in 2003 and 2009 were used in this research to obtain the land cover change. The method used in this research was comparing the classification of satellite imagery. Field survey was conducted using handheld GPS for ground truth.  The result of this research showed us the land use change in period 2003-2009. Mangrove vegetation decreased 56.57 Ha and the fishpond also decreased 205.5 Ha. The primary forest decreased into 3.28 Ha in year 2009. The secondary forest also decreases 124.84 Ha. In the same time the urban area increased from 382.37 Ha in year 2003 to 674.37 Ha in 2009. The land use change also occured for the public space which increased from 6.49 Ha in 2003 to 18.46 Ha in 2009 or increased 11,97 Ha.

scholarly journals Farmers’ Income and Land Cover Change at Lore Lindu National Park in Indonesia

2018 ◽  
Vol 12 (12) ◽  
pp. 41
Author(s):  
Rustam Abdul Rauf ◽  
Adam Malik ◽  
Isrun . ◽  
Golar . ◽  
Alimudin Laapo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Land Cover ◽  
Land Cover Change ◽  
National Park ◽  
Agricultural Land ◽  
Secondary Forest ◽  
Forest Area ◽  
Farm Income ◽  
Primary Forest ◽  
Secondary Forests ◽  
Lore Lindu National Park

Lore Lindu National Park in Central Sulawesi is one of the protected areas. Although it is protected, many of its areas are experiencing pressure and disruption by human activities. The purpose of this research was to know the relationship between farmers’ income and land cover change at Lore Lindu National Park. The research method was a participatory survey. Variables of incomes were sourced from farming and outside farming (forests). Data of land cover change were obtained using imagery in 2012, 2014 and 2016. The result of research is the average of farming income of IDR 1,387,077 (cocoa farming) and non-farm income of IDR 854,819 (forest honey, resin). In the last five years (2012-2016), the primary forest area decreased by 902.37 ha, while the secondary forest has shown an increase of 2,233.61 ha. The trend of land cover change was drastic, with change in the secondary dry land forest area from 6.9 ha (in 2012) to 2,240.5 ha (in 2016). The increased secondary forest area and the secondary forests have been converted into agricultural land and mixed gardens.

scholarly journals Plant Diversity in Different Land Use Types at The Peat Hidrological Unit (PHU) of Mendahara – Batanghari River, Jambi Province

2019 ◽  
Vol 24 (2) ◽  
pp. 141-151
Author(s):  
Aji Nuralam Dwisutono ◽  
Sri Wilarso Budi ◽  
Istomo Istomo
Keyword(s):  
Land Use ◽  
Plant Diversity ◽  
Oil Palm ◽  
Secondary Forest ◽  
Land Use Changes ◽  
Coffee Plantation ◽  
Coffee Plantations ◽  
Oil Palm Plantation ◽  
Melastoma Malabathricum ◽  
Tropical Peatlands

The characteristics of tropical peatlands are still able to form a high diversity of plants. Conversion of tropical peatlands affects the composition of plants. The aim of this study was to find out effect of land use changes to the composition and diversity of plants in the Peat Hydrological Unit (PHU) Mendahara - Batanghari River. The research was conducted in three land use categories, namely secondary forest, coffee plantation, and oil palm plantation (subdivided into oil palm plantation 1 and oil palm plantation 2). In each study location, sample lane 20 m x 200 m were made. Overall, we found 77 species of plants. The results showed   number of plant species decreased due to changes of land use. There are 51 - 53 species of plants in secondary forest areas (out of a total of 58 species) that are not found in oil palm and coffee plantations areas. Differences in composition were also shown in the low value of community similarity (<50%). In the oil palm and coffee plantation areas, plant communities tend to be dominated by pioneer plants such as Melicope lunu-ankenda, Coffea liberica, Macaranga triloba, and Melastoma malabathricum. Secondary forest was dominated by plants species that characterize peatlands such as Tetramerista glabra, Parastemon urophyllus, Knema percoriacea, Litsea costalis var. nidularis and Madhuca motleyana. Changes in land use also reduce the level of diversity (H 'and R) at various levels of growth. Whereas in the oil palm and coffee plantation areas tend to form uniform stands (indicated through index E which describes the abundance distribution in community and index C which describes the dominance of species). Generally, the distribution pattern of plants is clumped. Uniform distribution was found in K. percoriacea and L. costalis var. nidularis. Keywords: land use changes, peatland characteristics, plant composition, plant diversity

scholarly journals Diversity and Seasonal Dynamics of Arthropods in Okomu Forest Reserve

2021 ◽  
pp. 23-36
Author(s):  
Adeduntan S. A. ◽  
Akinbi O. J. ◽  
Osabiya O. S. ◽  
Olusola J. A.
Keyword(s):  
Land Use ◽  
Oil Palm ◽  
Seasonal Dynamics ◽  
National Park ◽  
Species Abundance ◽  
Insect Species ◽  
Rubber Plantation ◽  
Forest Reserve ◽  
Land Use Systems ◽  
Oil Palm Plantation

A field survey was conducted in Okomu Forest Reserve Edo State, to assess the diversity and seasonal dynamics of arthropod species in selected land use systems (Okomu national park, Okomu rubber plantation and Okomu oil palm plantation). Samplings of arthropods were carried out between February and September 2020, arthropods were collected by hand picking and sweep net in each sampled plots at 25 m x 25 m in the study area. Insects encountered were killed and preserved by chloroform. Arthropods samples were taken to the laboratory for oven dry and identification. A total of 382 arthropods spread across 15 orders, 34 families and 81 species were recorded. The most dominant orders were Hymenoptera (Ants) followed by Odonta (dragonfly) and Lepidoptera (butterfly and Moth) during dry season while highest abundance of orders were Spirostreptida (millepde) followed by Hymenoptera (Ants) and Araneae (spider) during rainy season. Okomu National Park has the highest (220) insect species abundance follow by Okomu Rubber Plantation (136) while the least was Okomu Oil Palm Plantation (72) in the study area. Study revealed that Okomu Rubber Plantation has no record of Scolopendromorphra (centipede) andHemiptera (bug) while in Okomu Oil Palm Plantation no record of Scolopendromorphra (centipede), lepidoptera (butterfly), also there were norecord of blattodea (crockroach) order of insect species in Okomu National Park. The highest species diversity and evenness was observed in Okomu National Park (H’ = 3.03 and E’= 0.83) follow by Okomu Oil Palm Plantation (H’=1.89 and E’=0.86) while Okomu Rubber Plantation was the least (H’ = 1.53 and E’= 0.60). ANOVA showed significant (P≤0.05) different on diversity and abundance between land use systems while there is nosignificant (P≥0.05) different seasons in the study area. Observation was made on seasonal variation of arthropods species in different land use systems and dominant species as bio-indicators in the study area.

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