This chapter summarizes the Bakitas et al. 2009 Project ENABLE II randomized controlled trial, which examined how a nurse-led palliative care intervention, provided concurrently with usual oncologic care, impacted quality of life, symptom intensity, mood, and resource use among advanced cancer patients. Longitudinal intention-to-treat analyses showed greater quality of life and less depressed mood in patients who received palliative care as compared with the control group. This chapter describes the basics of the study, including funding, year study began, year study was published, study location, who was studied, who was excluded, how many patients, study design, study intervention, follow-up, endpoints, results, and criticism and limitations. The chapter briefly reviews other relevant studies and information, gives a summary and discusses implications, and concludes with a relevant clinical case.