A History of Prescription Drug Monitoring Programs in the United States: Political Appeal and Public Health Efficacy

2020 ◽  
Vol 110 (8) ◽  
pp. 1191-1197
Author(s):  
A. Jay Holmgren ◽  
Alyssa Botelho ◽  
Allan M. Brandt
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
United States ◽  
Prescription Drug ◽  
Drug Monitoring ◽  
The United States ◽  
Administrative Databases ◽  
Opioid Crisis ◽  
Monitoring Programs ◽  
Prescription Drug Monitoring Programs ◽  
History Of

Prescription drug monitoring programs (PDMPs) have become a widely embraced policy to address the US opioid crisis. Despite mixed scientific evidence on their effectiveness at improving health and reducing overdose deaths, 49 states and Washington, DC have adopted PDMPs, and they have received strong bipartisan legislative support. This article explores the history of PDMPs, tracking their evolution from paper-based administrative databases in the early 1900s to modern-day electronic systems that intervene at the point of care. We focus on two questions: how did PDMPs become so widely adopted in the United States, and how did they gain popularity as an intervention in the contemporary opioid crisis? Through this historical approach, we evaluate what PDMPs reflect about national drug policy and broader cultural understandings of substance use disorder in the United States today. (Am J Public Health. 2020;110:1191–1197. 10.2105/AJPH.2020.305696)

scholarly journals The Effect of Prescription Drug Monitoring Programs on Opioid Utilization in Medicare

2018 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 77-112 ◽  
Author(s):  
Thomas C. Buchmueller ◽  
Colleen Carey
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Prescription Drug ◽  
Drug Monitoring ◽  
Medicare Part D ◽  
The United States ◽  
Medicare Part ◽  
Prescription Opioids ◽  
Part D ◽  
Monitoring Programs ◽  
Prescription Drug Monitoring Programs

The misuse of prescription opioids has become a serious epidemic in the United States. In response, states have implemented Prescription Drug Monitoring Programs (PDMPs), which record a patient’s opioid prescribing history. While few providers participated in early systems, states have recently begun to require providers to access the PDMP under certain circumstances. We find that “must access” PDMPs significantly reduce measures of misuse in Medicare Part D. In contrast, we find that PDMPs without such provisions have no effect. We find stronger effects when providers are required to access the PDMP under broad circumstances, not only when they are suspicious. (JEL H75, I11, I12, I18)

scholarly journals Prescription Drug Monitoring Programs and Prescription Opioid–Related Outcomes in the United States

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Victor Puac-Polanco ◽  
Stanford Chihuri ◽  
David S Fink ◽  
Magdalena Cerdá ◽  
Katherine M Keyes ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Substance Use ◽  
Prescription Drug ◽  
Substance Use Disorders ◽  
Drug Monitoring ◽  
The United States ◽  
Mortality Rates ◽  
Prescription Opioid ◽  
Prescription Drug Monitoring Programs ◽  
Opioid Diversion

Abstract Prescription drug monitoring programs (PDMPs) are a crucial component of federal and state governments’ response to the opioid epidemic. Evidence about the effectiveness of PDMPs in reducing prescription opioid–related adverse outcomes is mixed. We conducted a systematic review to examine whether PDMP implementation within the United States is associated with changes in 4 prescription opioid–related outcome domains: opioid prescribing behaviors, opioid diversion and supply, opioid-related morbidity and substance-use disorders, and opioid-related deaths. We searched for eligible publications in Embase, Google Scholar, MEDLINE, and Web of Science. A total of 29 studies, published between 2009 and 2019, met the inclusion criteria. Of the 16 studies examining PDMPs and prescribing behaviors, 11 found that implementing PDMPs reduced prescribing behaviors. All 3 studies on opioid diversion and supply reported reductions in the examined outcomes. In the opioid-related morbidity and substance-use disorders domain, 7 of 8 studies found associations with prescription opioid–related outcomes. Four of 8 studies in the opioid-related deaths domain reported reduced mortality rates. Despite the mixed findings, emerging evidence supports that the implementation of state PDMPs reduces opioid prescriptions, opioid diversion and supply, and opioid-related morbidity and substance-use disorder outcomes. When PDMP characteristics were examined, mandatory access provisions were associated with reductions in prescribing behaviors, diversion outcomes, hospital admissions, substance-use disorders, and mortality rates. Inconsistencies in the evidence base across outcome domains are due to analytical approaches across studies and, to some extent, heterogeneities in PDMP policies implemented across states and over time.

The Role of Prescription Drug Monitoring Programs (PDMPs) in Addressing the Opioid Overdose Epidemic

2019 ◽  
pp. 265-292 ◽  
Author(s):  
Grant Baldwin ◽  
Jan L. Losby ◽  
Wesley M. Sargent ◽  
Jamie Mells ◽  
Sarah Bacon
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Law Enforcement ◽  
Prescription Drug ◽  
Drug Monitoring ◽  
Prescribing Patterns ◽  
Opioid Overdose ◽  
Monitoring Programs ◽  
Stewardship Program ◽  
Prescription Drug Monitoring Programs ◽  
Law Enforcement Officials

Prescription drug monitoring programs (PDMPs) are secure, online, state-based databases that contain information about controlled substance prescriptions written by clinicians and dispensed by pharmacists within a jurisdiction. In this chapter, current and future trends impacting PDMPs are reviewed and the implication of these trends for the future development of even more effective PDMPs is discussed. Uses of PDMPs by public health partners are also reviewed. For example, law enforcement officials may use data collected by PDMPs when investigating unusual prescribing patterns. Law enforcement officials may also use PMDP data in drug courts and other criminal diversion programs. Medical licensing boards use PMDP data to assess aberrant prescribing practices. Health systems, insurers, and public health officials use aggregated PDMP data as part of their efforts to evaluate a quality improvement initiative, an opioid stewardship program to improve opioid prescribing system-wide, or broad changes to prescribing patterns across a city, county, or state.

scholarly journals U.S. Opioid Epidemic: Impact on Public Health and Review of Prescription Drug Monitoring Programs (PDMPs)

2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Sunghee H Bote
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Decision Support ◽  
Prescription Drug ◽  
Drug Monitoring ◽  
Opioid Overdose ◽  
Opioid Epidemic ◽  
Targeted Interventions ◽  
Monitoring Programs ◽  
Prescription Drug Monitoring Programs ◽  
The U.S

Objectives: In recent years, the devastating effects of U.S. opioid epidemic has been making news headlines.  This report explores background information and trends on opioid misuse, overdose fatalities and its impact on public health.  In addition, various efforts to improve surveillance, timeliness of data and Prescription Drug Monitoring Program (PDMP) integration and interoperability are reviewed.Method: PubMed and internet searches were performed to find information on the U.S. opioid epidemic.  In addition, searches were performed to retrieve information about PDMPs and state-specific mandates along with presentation slides and learnings from the 2018 National Rx Drug Abuse & Heroin Summit in Atlanta, GA.Results: It is clear that the U.S. opioid epidemic has a tremendous impact on public health including the next generation of children.  Various data, surveillance & technology-driven efforts including CDC-Funded Enhanced State Opioid Overdose Surveillance Program (ESOOS) and use of telemedicine for opioid use disorder treatment aim to improve prevention, treatment and targeted interventions.  In addition, PDMP integration and interoperability efforts are advancing to provide prescribers meaningful decision support tools.Discussion: The opioid epidemic has a complex impact on public health intertwined with variable factors such as mental health and social determinants of health.  Given the statistics and studies that suggest many of the illicit opioid users start with prescription opioids, continued advancement in the area of PDMP integration and interoperability is necessary.  The PDMP integrated clinical decision support systems need to supply to healthcare providers access to complete, timely and evidence-based information that can meaningfully inform prescribing decisions and communication with patients that affect measurable outcomes. Conclusion: While Prescription Drug Monitoring Programs (PDMPs) are valuable tools for providers in making informed prescribing decisions, the variable state mandates and varying degrees of integration and interoperability across states may limit their potential as meaningful decision support tools.  Sharing best practices, challenges and lessons learned among states and organizations may inform strategic and systematic use of PDMPs to improve public health outcomes.Key Words: opioid epidemic, prescription drug monitoring programs (PDMPs), prescription monitoring programs (PMPs)

scholarly journals Carios kelleyi (Acari: Ixodida: Argasidae) Infected With Rickettsial Agents Documented Infesting Housing in Kansas, United States

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Robyn M Nadolny ◽  
Ashley C Kennedy ◽  
James M Rodgers ◽  
Zachary T Vincent ◽  
Hannah Cornman ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
United States ◽  
Health Center ◽  
Human Disease ◽  
Multilocus Sequence Typing ◽  
The United States ◽  
Rickettsia Species ◽  
History Of ◽  
Tick Borne Disease ◽  
Blood Meals

Abstract During September–December 2018, 25 live ticks were collected on-post at Fort Leavenworth, Kansas, in a home with a history of bat occupancy. Nine ticks were sent to the Army Public Health Center Tick-Borne Disease Laboratory and were identified as Carios kelleyi (Cooley and Kohls, 1941), a species that seldom bites humans but that may search for other sources of blood meals, including humans, when bats are removed from human dwellings. The ticks were tested for numerous agents of human disease. Rickettsia lusitaniae was identified by multilocus sequence typing to be present in two ticks, marking the first detection of this Rickettsia agent in the United States and in this species of tick. Two other Rickettsia spp. were also detected, including an endosymbiont previously associated with C. kelleyi and a possible novel Rickettsia species. The potential roles of C. kelleyi and bats in peridomestic Rickettsia transmission cycles warrant further investigation.

scholarly journals Obstetrician-gynecologist perceptions and utilization of prescription drug monitoring programs

Medicine ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 100 (1) ◽  
pp. e24268
Author(s):  
Amie Goodin ◽  
Jungjun Bae ◽  
Chris Delcher ◽  
Joshua Brown ◽  
Dikea Roussos-Ross
Keyword(s):  
Prescription Drug ◽  
Drug Monitoring ◽  
Monitoring Programs ◽  
Prescription Drug Monitoring Programs
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