scholarly journals The factors which influence Implicit and Explicit Brand Attitudes: Focused on body image and upward comparison

2015 ◽  
Vol 16 (2) ◽  
pp. 385-410
Author(s):  
오자영
Keyword(s):  
Body Image ◽  
Brand Attitudes ◽  
Upward Comparison ◽  
Implicit And Explicit

scholarly journals An Experimental Investigation of Body Displacement Theory in Restrained Eaters

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Danielle Elizabeth MacDonald
Keyword(s):  
Body Image ◽  
Body Dissatisfaction ◽  
Clinical Sample ◽  
Experimental Manipulation ◽  
Restrained Eaters ◽  
Weight Concerns ◽  
Displacement Theory ◽  
Implicit And Explicit ◽  
Explicit Measures ◽  
Affective Process

Body Displacement Theory posits that individuals with eating and weight concerns may mislabel feelings of ineffectiveness as feeling fat. Study 1used a non-clinical sample to create an Implicit Association Test for body image (IAT-BI) to measure implicit body dissatisfaction, as body displacement is thought to be an automatic cognitive/affective process. The IAT-BI was moderately and significantly correlated with explicit measures of body dissatisfaction, body shame, and restrained eating. In Study 2, an experimental manipulation was used to induce ineffectiveness in a non-clinical sample, and effects on implicit and explicit body image and related variables were measured. Contrary to hypotheses, feeling ineffective did not lead to feeling fat in comparison to those in a control condition. These findings may suggest that body displacement was not successfully induced by the manipulation, or that body displacement may be process unique to those with eating disorders. The implications of the study are discussed.

scholarly journals An Experimental Investigation of Body Displacement Theory in Restrained Eaters

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Danielle Elizabeth MacDonald
Keyword(s):  
Body Image ◽  
Body Dissatisfaction ◽  
Clinical Sample ◽  
Experimental Manipulation ◽  
Restrained Eaters ◽  
Weight Concerns ◽  
Displacement Theory ◽  
Implicit And Explicit ◽  
Explicit Measures ◽  
Affective Process

Body Displacement Theory posits that individuals with eating and weight concerns may mislabel feelings of ineffectiveness as feeling fat. Study 1used a non-clinical sample to create an Implicit Association Test for body image (IAT-BI) to measure implicit body dissatisfaction, as body displacement is thought to be an automatic cognitive/affective process. The IAT-BI was moderately and significantly correlated with explicit measures of body dissatisfaction, body shame, and restrained eating. In Study 2, an experimental manipulation was used to induce ineffectiveness in a non-clinical sample, and effects on implicit and explicit body image and related variables were measured. Contrary to hypotheses, feeling ineffective did not lead to feeling fat in comparison to those in a control condition. These findings may suggest that body displacement was not successfully induced by the manipulation, or that body displacement may be process unique to those with eating disorders. The implications of the study are discussed.

scholarly journals Does comparison of self with others influence body image among adult women? An experimental study in naturalistic settings

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Victoria Laker ◽  
Glenn Waller
Keyword(s):  
Experimental Study ◽  
Eating Disorders ◽  
Body Image ◽  
Body Satisfaction ◽  
Self Esteem ◽  
Eating Pathology ◽  
Eating Concerns ◽  
Upward Comparison ◽  
Downward Comparison ◽  
Body Comparison

Abstract Background and Objectives It has been suggested that body comparison is a safety behavior in eating disorders. This experimental study investigates the causal impact of upward and downward body comparison on body image, eating pathology, self-esteem, anxiety and mood. It also considers whether trait body comparison and eating pathology are associated with responsiveness to upward and downward comparison. Methods Thirty-nine women participated. Each completed trait comparison and eating pathology measures. Following this, each participant spent an hour (on different days) making an upward, downward or neutral comparison in a naturalistic setting. After each condition, the participant completed measures of body satisfaction, self-esteem, anxiety, depression and eating pathology. Results Participants were significantly less satisfied with their bodies following upward comparison. Both upward and downward comparison were associated with particularly negative effects if an individual had greater trait eating concerns. The effects of downward comparison were correlated with increased anxiety. Limitations The sample was lacking in diversity. Compliance with the experimental tasks was not strictly monitored. Conclusions Upward comparison resulted in lower body satisfaction, but downward comparison did not result in positive effects. However, trait eating concerns and comparison influenced the impact of both forms of comparison. Body comparison should be a target for treatment in CBT for eating disorders, particularly where the individual has a strong tendency to make comparisons with other people. Level of evidence Level III: Evidence obtained from well-designed cohort or case–control analytic studies.

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