Morphological Features of Foreign Body Giant Cells in Experimental Conditions

Background: The purpose of our work was determined by the accumulation of a significant amount of experimental material under the conditions of implantation of a foreign body, a mesh implant, into the region of the anterior abdominal wall in order to obtain experimental inflammation, in which foreign body giant cells (FBGCs) were constantly visualized as reactive formations. This research aimed to study the dynamics of morphological changes in FBGCs under conditions of experimental implantation of a foreign body, a mesh implant, and the possible mechanism of their formation Methods and Results: This study was carried out on male Wistar rats, in which a foreign body was implanted—a mesh endoprosthesis made of polypropylene—in the region of the anterior abdominal wall under the aponeurosis of the rectus abdominis muscles. A section of the anterior abdominal wall with the implanted endoprosthesis was excised on Days 10, 21, 30, and 60 after surgery, fixed in 10% buffered formalin solution. The obtained samples were embedded in paraffin according to standard prescriptions; histological sections with a thickness of 5-7µm were made and stained with H&E, according to the methods of Van Gieson and Mallory, and an immunohistochemical study was performed using the marker of cell proliferation (Ki-67). The revealed structural features of multinucleated cells were recorded by microphotography using a photo attachment and a Levenhuk video camera (USA). During the study, it was revealed that the amount, functional activity and morphological diversity of FBGCs gradually increased, reaching a maximum by Day 30 of the experiment. At a later date, some of them died, while the remaining part was differentiated, splitting into small multinucleated cells and mononuclear elements, morphologically identical to macrophages and fibroblasts. The formation of FBGCs continued as long as the mesh implant was in the body. Conclusion: FBGCs are reactive formations that arise in response to various endo- and exogenous irritation.

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The reaction of the soft tissues of the anterior abdominal wall to various suture material

Kazan medical journal ◽

10.17816/kazmj62327 ◽

1982 ◽

Vol 63 (4) ◽

pp. 72-74

Author(s):

V. P. Nefedov ◽

R. M. Ramazanov

Keyword(s):

Foreign Body ◽

Abdominal Wall ◽

Soft Tissues ◽

Suture Material ◽

Anterior Abdominal Wall ◽

The Body ◽

Reactive Changes ◽

Healing Processes

The healing processes of sutured wounds of soft tissues in most cases depend on the type and quality of the suture material. Any kind of suture material in the tissues of the body is a foreign body that causes various reactive changes from the tissues. The nature of these changes, all other things being equal, is mainly determined by the type of suture material, its thickness and the method of sterilization of the tissues on which the sutures are applied, the trauma of surgery, the infection of the wound and the irritating effect of the threads on the tissues.

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Fibrin Polymer on the Surface of Biomaterial Implants Drives the Foreign Body Reaction

10.1101/2021.02.16.431282 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Arnat Balabiyev ◽

Nataly P. Podolnikova ◽

Jacquelyn A. Kilbourne ◽

D. Page Baluch ◽

David Lowry ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Foreign Body ◽

Foreign Body Reaction ◽

Giant Cells ◽

The Body ◽

Fibrous Capsule ◽

Host Proteins ◽

Implant Surface ◽

Foreign Body Giant Cells ◽

Biological Substrate

ABSTRACTImplantation of biomaterials and medical devices in the body triggers the foreign body reaction (FBR) which is characterized by macrophage fusion at the implant surface leading to the formation of foreign body giant cells and the development of the fibrous capsule enveloping the implant. While adhesion of macrophages to the surface is an essential step in macrophage fusion and implanted biomaterials are known to rapidly acquire a layer of host proteins, a biological substrate that is responsible for this process in vivo is unknown. Here we show that mice with genetically-imposed fibrinogen deficiency display a dramatic reduction of macrophage fusion on implanted biomaterials and are protected from the formation of fibrin-containing granulation tissue, a precursor of the fibrous capsule. Furthermore, macrophage fusion on biomaterials implanted in FibAEK mice that express a mutated form of fibrinogen incapable of thrombin-mediated polymerization was strongly reduced. Surprisingly, despite the lack of fibrin, the capsule was formed in FibAEK mice, although it had a different composition and distinct mechanical properties than that in wild-type mice. Specifically, while mononuclear α-SMA-expressing macrophages embedded in the capsule of both strains of mice secreted collagen, the amount of collagen and its density in the tissue of FibAEK mice was reduced. These data identify fibrin polymer as a key biological substrate driving the development of the FBR.

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Pulmonary hair embolism in a rescued free-ranging Eurasian otter Lutra lutra in Kinmen, Taiwan

Diseases of Aquatic Organisms ◽

10.3354/dao03532 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 142 ◽

pp. 55-61

Author(s):

WT Li ◽

YL Chiang ◽

TY Chen ◽

CL Lai

Keyword(s):

Foreign Body ◽

Traumatic Injury ◽

Lung Parenchyma ◽

Giant Cells ◽

Hair Shaft ◽

Lutra Lutra ◽

Lung Lobe ◽

Eurasian Otter ◽

Foreign Body Giant Cells ◽

Free Ranging

Eurasian otters Lutra lutra are listed as Near Threatened on the IUCN Red List and are imperiled by habitat loss, water pollution, and poaching. Harassment and attacks by stray animals are also recognized threats to the health of wild Eurasian otters. Pulmonary hair embolism is a possible complication in animals with deep traumatic injury, but to date no cases have been reported in wildlife. A free-ranging, adult male Eurasian otter was rescued due to severe emaciation and multiple bite wounds. The otter died 3 d after rescue and was necropsied. Grossly, a 1.5 × 1.5 × 1.5 cm firm nodule was observed in the left cranial lung lobe. Histologically, a fragment of hair shaft surrounded by multinucleated foreign body giant cells was observed in a medium-sized vein, and extensive eosinophilic infiltration was noted in the adjacent vascular wall and lung parenchyma. Based on the gross and histological findings, the pulmonary lesion was consistent with eosinophilic pneumonia and vasculitis induced by hair embolism. The presence of well-formed multinucleated foreign body giant cells and eosinophils may imply a late stage of foreign body reaction, and thus the presumptive source of hair embolism is an animal bite. This is the first report of pulmonary hair embolism associated with animal bite in a rescued free-ranging Eurasian otter.

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Comparison of bone wax and chitosan usage on post-sternotomy bone healing

Asian Cardiovascular and Thoracic Annals ◽

10.1177/0218492320984097 ◽

2020 ◽

pp. 021849232098409

Author(s):

Ihsanul Amal ◽

Heroe Soebroto ◽

Puruhito

Keyword(s):

Foreign Body ◽

Bone Healing ◽

Postoperative Bleeding ◽

Giant Cells ◽

Operative Field ◽

Inflammatory Reactions ◽

Foreign Body Giant Cells ◽

New Zealand White Rabbits ◽

Affect Bone Healing ◽

Chitosan Powder

Background Sternotomy is a standard approach performed in almost every surgical procedure on the heart and mediastinum. Effective hemostasis of the sternum is required to keep the operative field dry, avoid excessive blood transfusions during surgery, and prevent reoperation due to massive postoperative bleeding, which can further increase morbidity and mortality in patients. Bone wax is a mechanical hemostat commonly used after sternotomy and has been known to affect bone healing, trigger chronic inflammatory reactions, and increase the rate of infection. The application of chitosan, which has intrinsic hemostat ability, as hemostatic material is believed to improve bone healing following sternotomy. This study aimed to compare the effectiveness of bone wax and chitosan on bone healing after sternotomy. Methods Median sternotomies were performed on 2 groups of New Zealand White rabbits. Each group of 16 animals received either bone wax or chitosan powder as hemostatic material. The degree of bone healing, the number of foreign-body giant cells, and the number of osteoblasts were evaluated after 6 weeks. Results Radiographs showed that significantly more animals in the chitosan group had total sternal healing ( p = 0.033). Histopathology revealed that the number of foreign-body giant cells was significantly less ( p = 0.036) and the number of osteoblasts was significantly greater ( p < 0.0001) in the group of animals that received chitosan. Conclusion The use of chitosan as hemostatic material can promote better bone healing compared to bone wax.

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