scholarly journals Analysis of the Ceramic Sherds from Area C at the Ware Acres Site (41GG31), Gregg County, Texas

2013 ◽  
Author(s):  
Timothy K. Perttula ◽  
Robert Z. Selden
Keyword(s):  
Eighteenth Century ◽  
Complete Analysis ◽  
East Texas ◽  
Ceramic Assemblage ◽  
Alluvial Terrace ◽  
Southwestern Part ◽  
Pine Tree ◽  
European Trade ◽  
The City ◽  
Sabine River

The Ware Acres site (410031) was discovered by Buddy Calvin Jones in 1951 on an alluvial terrace of Grace Creek, a southern-flowing tributary to the Sabine River in the southwestern part of the city of Longview, Texas. The site is best known for Jones' discovery and excavation of an eighteenth century Caddo burial with an abundance of European trade goods. However, Jones also investigated other parts of the site, which contained extensive Caddo habitation deposits, especially one area at the southern part of the site that had Late Caddo Titus phase midden deposits and remnants of house structures. A large assemblage of ceramic sherds were collected from this area, and although Jones indicated that "a complete analysis of them will be given in a later report," this was never done. This article presents an analysis of these ceramic sherds, primarily to put the ceramic assemblage findings from this important East Texas site on record. The stylistic attributes and known ceramic types in the Ware Acres assemblage are also compared to the ceramic assemblage from the Pine Tree Mound site, as the Ware Acres site may be a component of the Pine Tree Mound Titus phase community found in the middle reaches of the Sabine River basin.

scholarly journals The Caddo Ceramic Assemblage from the Hardin A Site (41GG69) on the Sabine River in Gregg County, Texas

2015 ◽  
Author(s):  
Timothy K. Perttula
Keyword(s):  
East Texas ◽  
The South ◽  
Ceramic Assemblage ◽  
Alluvial Terrace ◽  
River Floodplain ◽  
A Site ◽  
Sabine River

The Hardin A site (41GG69) is an ancestral Caddo settlement on a high alluvial terrace landform overlooking the Sabine River floodplain in Gregg County, Texas, a few miles west of Longview, Texas. The modern channel of the river is ca. 650 m to the south. The site, which is in the East Texas Pineywoods, has well preserved midden deposits, pit features, as well as a looted cemetery area.

scholarly journals The History of Archaeological Investigations at The Jamestown Mound Site (41SM54), An Archaeological Conservancy Preserve in Smith County, Texas

2007 ◽  
Author(s):  
Timothy K. Perttula
Keyword(s):  
The Other ◽  
Archaeological Research ◽  
Archaeological Record ◽  
East Texas ◽  
Open Area ◽  
Circular Pattern ◽  
Pine Tree ◽  
History Of ◽  
Clay Cap ◽  
Sabine River

The Jamestown Mound site (41SM54) is an Archaeological Conservancy (TAC) preserve in northern Smith Country, Texas in the northeastern part of the state. The Jamestown site is one of the largest Caddo mound centers in East Texas, with seven recorded mounds and an associated village area of unknown extent and internal complexity. It is also one of the four premier mound centers in the Sabine River basin, the other three being Hudnall-Pirtle (41RK4), a TAC preserve, Pine Tree Mounds (41HS15), also a TAC preserve as of 2006, and Boxed Springs (41UR30), and was obviously an important civic and ceremonial center for the prehistoric Caddo peoples that lived there and in surrounding communities. Unfortunately, at the present time very little is known about the archaeological record preserved at the Jamestown site, or the exact locations of several of the smaller mounds on the preserve. Here, I summarize the history of archaeological research at the Jamestown site. This article is intended to be a companion piece to the report to be submitted to the TAC on the results of on-going remote sensing activities at the Jamestown preserve. The Jamestown preserve covers approximately 18 acres of pasture divided into two tracts by a north-south running fence. It is a large prehistoric Caddo mound center, with multiple mounds, roughly arranged in a circular pattern, with an open area (or plaza) between the mounds. The largest mound (Md. A) (measuring ca. 43 m in diameter and 4 m in height, is situated in the southwestern side of the circle of mounds. Mounds B-E (15-20 m in diameter and 40 cm-1 m in height) are probably mounds built over houses with a clay floor and a clay cap. The exact locations of Mounds D and E within the TAC preserve are not currently known. Md. A is known to have two levels of burned structural remains in the upper mound fill.

scholarly journals Analysis of a 1940 Caddo Sherd Assemblage from the Millsey Williamson Site (41RK3), Rusk County, Texas

2016 ◽  
Author(s):  
Timothy K. Perttula
Keyword(s):  
River Basin ◽  
18Th Century ◽  
East Texas ◽  
East Side ◽  
Alluvial Terrace ◽  
Small Collection ◽  
The Subject ◽  
Sabine River

The Millsey Williamson site (41RK3) is an 18th century Nadaco Caddo settlement and cemetery situated on an alluvial terrace on the east side of Martin Creek in the Sabine River basin. Some portions of the site are now covered by the waters of Martin Creek Lake, constructed in the 1970s. The site was first investigated in the 1930s, when at least 11 historic Caddo burials were excavated in the cemetery at the western end of the landform. In 1940, Jack Hughes, then an East Texas resident, but later a prominent Texas archaeologist, gathered a small collection of sherds from the Millsey Williamson site, and the analysis of these sherds is the subject of this article.

scholarly journals Pottery from 41NA202: The Stephens Site in Nacogdoches County, Texas

2008 ◽  
Author(s):  
Robert L. Turner
Keyword(s):  
Human Remains ◽  
East Texas ◽  
Ceramic Assemblage ◽  
Metal Artifacts ◽  
Short Article ◽  
European Trade ◽  
Stream Bed

In late 1940 and early 1941, my father and I excavated the Stephens site (41NA202). The site is located on Bailey Creek approximately 5 km west of Central Heights in Nacogdoches County. The site had been identified by the land owner, who gave my father permission to excavate. The purpose of this short article is to briefly describe the ceramic assemblage from the site. The assemblage is unique for this area of East Texas. The excavated area from which the ceramic artifacts were recovered measured approximately 3 x 4.6 m with the long axis along the plow rows. The site was about 6 m north of the then stream bed and consisted of a scatter of European trade beads within the soil as well as numerous sherds of Caddo Indian manufacture. The area was excavated to the underlying clay, which was no more than 25 em or so below the surface, and the dirt was water screened in order to recover the artifacts. These artifacts consisted of European glass trade beads (more than 7420 beads of 21 different varieties) and ceramic sherds of Indian pottery. Other than two silver beads, no metal artifacts were found. Our conclusion concerning the site was that it resulted from at least one shallow grave of an individual that had been plowed up and the grave offerings scattered from the yearly cultivation of the area. One small skull fragment was the only trace of human remains.

scholarly journals The Jonas Short Site (41SA101), San Augustine County, Texas

2016 ◽  
Author(s):  
Timothy K. Perttula ◽  
Mark Walters
Keyword(s):  
River Basin ◽  
River Basins ◽  
Woodland Period ◽  
Cultural Tradition ◽  
East Texas ◽  
Coral Snake ◽  
Alluvial Terrace ◽  
University Of Texas ◽  
The University ◽  
Sabine River

The Jonas Short site (41SA101) is one of a few known and investigated Woodland period mounds in the Trans–Mississippi south (i.e., East Texas, Northwest Louisiana, Southwest Arkansas, and Southeast Oklahoma). In fact, the site is one of only four identified mound sites of possible Woodland period age—and Mossy Grove cultural tradition—in the Neches–Angelina and Sabine river basins in East Texas and Northwest Louisiana: Coral Snake (16SA48), Anthony (16SA7), Jonas Short, and Westerman (41HO15). The Jonas Short site was located on an alluvial terrace of the Angelina River. It was investigated in 1956 by archaeologists from the University of Texas and the River Basin Survey prior to its inundation by the waters of Lake Sam Rayburn.

scholarly journals The Ceramic Sherd Assemblage from the Boatstone Site in Gregg County, Texas

2014 ◽  
Author(s):  
Timothy K. Perttula
Keyword(s):  
East Texas ◽  
Ceramic Assemblage ◽  
Numbering System ◽  
Ceramic Sherd ◽  
Lithic Artifacts ◽  
Sabine River

The Boatstone site (GC-50 in Buddy Jones' site numbering system) is one of many Caddo sites that Buddy Jones investigated along the Sabine River and its tributaries in the Longview, Texas, area. In most cases, his investigations at the sites consisted of the surface collection of ceramic and lithic artifacts, and only in rare cases did Jones complete analyses or publications on his investigations. This article discusses the ancestral Caddo ceramic assemblage from the Boatstone site, which is situated near the confluence of Iron Bridge Creek and the Sabine River in southeastern Gregg County in the East Texas Pineywoods. This collection is curated at the Gregg County Historical Museum.

scholarly journals A Catalog of Selected Caddo Ceramic Vessels in the Buddy Jones Collection at the Gregg County Historical Museum

2014 ◽  
Vol 2014 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Timothy Perttula ◽  
Robert Z. Selden ◽  
Bo Nelson
Keyword(s):  
Native American ◽  
River Basin ◽  
East Texas ◽  
Ceramic Assemblage ◽  
Ceramic Vessel ◽  
History Of ◽  
Ceramic Vessels ◽  
Neches River ◽  
Sabine River ◽  
Different Parts

This publications presents information and images of 420 Caddo ceramic vessels from several different parts of East Texas. These vessels are in the Buddy Calvin Jones collection at the Gregg County Historical Museum (GCHM) in Longview, Texas. They represent unassociated funerary objects under the provisions of the Native American Graves Protection and Repatriation Act (NAGPRA). Our purpose in producing this publication is to make this information available to those in the professional and avocational archaeological community with a serious interest in the native history of the Caddo Indian peoples; as well as to the Caddo Nation of Oklahoma; and to the general public. The information presented here on Caddo ceramic vessel forms and decorative styles should be useful in current and future syntheses of East Texas Caddo ceramic traditions from ca. A.D. 1200 to the late 17th century, if not later. The provenience of these vessels by site and/or burial feature is not known, but because Caddo ceramic vessels from different parts of East Texas have distinctive decorations, vessel forms, and rim/ lip treatment, we have been able to sort much of this vessel assemblage by age and/or region. This includes several vessels of Middle Caddo period (ca. A.D. 1200- 1450) age that are likely from the mid-Sabine River basin, vessels from sites in the ca. A.D. 1450-1680 Titus phase area in the Big Cypress and mid-Sabine River basins, and vessels from sites in the upper Neches River basin from ca. A.D. 1400-1650 Frankston phase and post-A.D. 1650 Allen phase sites. Unfortunately, there remain a number of vessels in this assemblage that are undecorated or have less distinctive stylistic characteristics, and at the present time they are considered to be from unknown ceramic assemblage contexts in East Texas Caddo sites. Hopefully further study of the entire Buddy Calvin Jones collections, along with the examination of all available records and notes (including records and notes not yet provided to the GCHM), will lead to the identification of more specific provenience assignments to the latter group of vessels.

scholarly journals An Engraved Bulbous-Necked Caddo Bottle from 41OR33 at the mouth of the Sabine River, Orange County, Texas

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Timothy Perttula
Keyword(s):  
Native American ◽  
Orange County ◽  
Red River ◽  
East Texas ◽  
University Of Texas ◽  
Southeast Texas ◽  
Sabine Lake ◽  
The University ◽  
The City ◽  
Sabine River

41OR33 is a large prehistoric shell midden deposit in Orange County, Texas, about 8.5 miles southwest of the city of Orange, at the mouth of the Sabine River and just north of Sabine Lake in Southeast Texas. Before the site was destroyed for road fill in October 1956, limited archaeological investigations had been done there by avocational archaeologists and then by E. Mott Davis of The University of Texas at Austin. During that work, a number of Native American burials were exposed and excavated, including one burial with an engraved bulbous-necked ancestral Caddo ceramic bottle. The bottle was donated by Edgar W. Brown, Jr. to UT in October 1956. I recently documented this vessel, which is a far-flung companion to bulbous-necked and spool-necked Caddo bottles from post-A.D. 1600 sites in the Red River and Ouachita River basins in East Texas and Southwest Arkansas as well as several post-A.D. 1600 sites in East Texas such as the Taylor site (41HS3) in the Big Cypress Creek basin.

scholarly journals Kinsloe Focus Artifact Assemblages and Nadaco Caddo

2007 ◽  
Author(s):  
Timothy K. Perttula
Keyword(s):  
Material Culture ◽  
19Th Century ◽  
River Basin ◽  
17Th Century ◽  
East Texas ◽  
Early 19Th Century ◽  
European Trade ◽  
Sabine River

The Kinsloe focus (now phase) was defined by Jones on the basis of seven sites in Gregg, Harrison, and Rusk counties in East Texas, in the middle reaches of the Sabine River basin. These sites are Ware Acres (41GG31), Kinsloe (4IGG3), Susie Slade (4IHSI3), Brown I (4IHS26I), C. D. Marsh (4IHS269), Millsey Williamson (4IRK3), and Cherokee Lake (41RK132). As currently understood, these historic Caddo sites were most likely occupied by Nadaco Caddo people between ca. A.D. 1680-1800. For our purposes here, my interest is in compiling in one place the characteristic material culture items found in the known Kinsloe phase sites as a whole, even though it is recognized that the seven sites probably were not all contemporaneously occupied and some of them may date as early as the late 17th century and others may date as late as the early 19th century. This compilation will be useful in any basic comparisons that may be made between the archaeology and material culture of the Nadaco Caddo and other historic Caddo groups living in East Texas, particularly in the diverse composition of cemrnic vessel assemblages and the abundance and range of European trade goods obtained by the various Caddo groups from the French, Spanish, and English traders.

scholarly journals A Titus Phase Midden Mound at the Earl Jones Farm (41WD3) in the Lake Fork Creek Basin, Wood County, Texas

2015 ◽  
Author(s):  
Timothy K. Perttula
Keyword(s):  
River Basin ◽  
East Texas ◽  
Pine Tree ◽  
Sabine River

The Earl Jones Farm site is one of a number of Late Caddo period, Titus phase (ca. A.D 1430-1680), sites along tributaries of Lake Fork Creek in the upper Sabine River basin in East Texas, nor far from Quitman, the county seat for Wood County. This includes sites such as J. H. Reese (41WD2), L. L. Winterbauer (41WD6), 41WD19, 41WD44, Pine Tree (41WD51), Burks (41WD52), and Steck (41WD529) with habitation features, midden deposits, and family cemeteries.

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