scholarly journals Documentation of Caddo Vessels and Sherds in the Herrington Collection at Tyler Junior College, in Smith County, Texas

2014 ◽  
Author(s):  
Perttula ◽  
Nelson ◽  
Robert Selden ◽  
Walters
Keyword(s):  
Junior College ◽  
River Basins ◽  
Archaeological Sites ◽  
East Texas ◽  
Sabine River ◽  
Smith County

This report puts on record the collection of ancestral Caddo vessels and sherds held by Tyler Junior College (TJC) in Tyler, Texas. This collection was donated by Al Herrington to TJC in 2012. The vessels and sherds in this collection have been documented following the methods employed by the Friends of Northeast Texas Archaeology and Archeological & Environmental Consultants, LLC on a number of ancestral Caddo ceramic collections from East Texas archaeological sites (e.g., Perttula 2011, 2013, 2014; Perttula and Nelson 2013; Perttula and Thacker 2014; Perttula et al. 2007, 2009a, 2009b, 2010a, 2010b, 2010c, 2012a, 2012b, 2012c, 2013, 2014). The provenance of the Caddo vessels and sherd assemblage is not known with certainty, but (as we discuss in the Summary and Conclusions section of the report) the decorative styles of the vessels and sherds indicate they are from East Texas Caddo sites, most likely from sites in the Neches and Sabine river basins.

scholarly journals Prehistoric Sites in the Sabine River Valley in Northeastern Smith County, Texas Timothy K. Perttula and Mark Walters

2015 ◽  
Author(s):  
Timothy K. Perttula ◽  
Mark Walters
Keyword(s):  
River Valley ◽  
Archaeological Sites ◽  
Archaeological Survey ◽  
East Texas ◽  
The North ◽  
North Side ◽  
Junior Author ◽  
Sabine River ◽  
Limited Surface ◽  
Smith County

In the winter of 2003, the junior author completed archaeological survey investigations of a small area of the Sabine River valley in northeastern Smith County in the East Texas Pineywoods. The work consisted of limited surface collections and shovel tests, and four archaeological sites were found during the work. The sites are about 2.4-3.0 km south-southwest of the Early Caddo period Boxed Spring mound site (41UR30) on the north side of the Sabine River. Two of the archaeological sites (41SM307 and 41SM308) are situated on alluvial landforms in the Sabine River valley at elevations of ca. 280-290 ft. amsl. The other two (41SM309 and 41SM310) are on upland landforms at elevations of 310 ft. amsl and 350 ft. amsl, respectively.

scholarly journals 41SM53 (P-4) on Prairie Creek, Smith County, Texas

2014 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mark Walters ◽  
Timothy K. Perttula
Keyword(s):  
River Basin ◽  
Research Laboratory ◽  
East Texas ◽  
University Of Texas ◽  
The 1950S ◽  
The University ◽  
Sabine River ◽  
Smith County

In February 1957, Sam Whiteside of Smith County, Texas, excavated a burial at 41SM53. This site was designated P-4 in Mr. Whiteside’s notes and it was one of several Caddo sites along Prairie Creek in the upper Sabine River basin that he investigated to varying degrees in the 1950s and 1960s. As an a vocational archeologist Mr. Whiteside made many important contributions to East Texas archeology. Dr. Dee Ann Story, of the Texas Archeological Research Laboratory at The University of Texas at Austin, who corresponded with Mr. Whiteside, later obtained the trinomial 41SM53 for the site.

scholarly journals Current Research: Organic Residues on Engraved Vessels from Ancestral Caddo Sites in East Texas

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Timothy Perttula
Keyword(s):  
Daily Life ◽  
River Basins ◽  
Organic Residue ◽  
East Texas ◽  
Organic Residues ◽  
Ceramic Vessels ◽  
Sabine River

In the course of recently documenting ancestral Caddo ceramic vessels from sites dating to Late Caddo period Titus phase contexts (ca. A.D. 1430-1680) in East Texas, specifically on sites in the Big Cypress Creek and Sabine River basins, I have encountered a significant number (ca. 9.6 percent) of more than 1790 engraved fine ware vessels that have an exterior organic residue (Table 1), including carinated bowls, compound bowls, jars, bowls, and even bottles. In some cases, the exterior residue on certain carinated bowls and compound bowls is so thick that the engraved design is obscured and almost completely covered with the organic residue (Figure 1a- c). If engraved fine wares from ancestral Caddo sites were used in daily life for the serving of foods and liquids, how did they accumulate an exterior carbonized residue by the time they were placed in burials as funerary offerings?

scholarly journals The Bryan Hardy Site (41SM55), Smith County, Texas

2000 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mark Walters ◽  
Patti Haskins
Keyword(s):  
East Texas ◽  
Sabine River ◽  
Mound Sites ◽  
Smith County

The authors put on record archeological data obtained by Mr. Walters' late uncle Sam Whiteside from the Bryan Hardy site (41SM55) in Smith County, Texas. Mr. Whiteside was an active avocational archeologist in East Texas during the late 1950s and early 1960s, and he recorded numerous prehistoric sites on Prairie Creek and Ray Creek in Smith County, and the Jamestown (41SM54) and Boxed Springs (41UR30) mound sites on the Sabine River. An abrupt illness in mid-life prevented him from publishing his findings, and we hope that the publication of his investigations at the Bryan Hardy site will allow his work to be available to the interested public.

scholarly journals The Jonas Short Site (41SA101), San Augustine County, Texas

2016 ◽  
Author(s):  
Timothy K. Perttula ◽  
Mark Walters
Keyword(s):  
River Basin ◽  
River Basins ◽  
Woodland Period ◽  
Cultural Tradition ◽  
East Texas ◽  
Coral Snake ◽  
Alluvial Terrace ◽  
University Of Texas ◽  
The University ◽  
Sabine River

The Jonas Short site (41SA101) is one of a few known and investigated Woodland period mounds in the Trans–Mississippi south (i.e., East Texas, Northwest Louisiana, Southwest Arkansas, and Southeast Oklahoma). In fact, the site is one of only four identified mound sites of possible Woodland period age—and Mossy Grove cultural tradition—in the Neches–Angelina and Sabine river basins in East Texas and Northwest Louisiana: Coral Snake (16SA48), Anthony (16SA7), Jonas Short, and Westerman (41HO15). The Jonas Short site was located on an alluvial terrace of the Angelina River. It was investigated in 1956 by archaeologists from the University of Texas and the River Basin Survey prior to its inundation by the waters of Lake Sam Rayburn.

scholarly journals Early to Mid-19th Century Occupation at the Dead Cow Site (41SM324), Smith County, Texas

2011 ◽  
Author(s):  
Timothy K. Perttula
Keyword(s):  
19Th Century ◽  
River Basin ◽  
Archaeological Site ◽  
Archaeological Sites ◽  
East Texas ◽  
Downtown Area ◽  
The Dead ◽  
Republic Of Texas ◽  
Sabine River ◽  
Habitation Site

The Dead Cow site is an early to mid-19th century archaeological site located within the northern part (Sabine River basin) of the proposed Republic of Texas 1836 Cherokee Indians land grant in East Texas, generally east of the downtown area of the modem city of Tyler. Cherokee Indians had moved into East Texas by the early 1820s, and "most of the Cherokees cleared land and carved out farms in the uninhabited region directly north of Nacogdoches, on the upper branches of the Neches, Angelina, and Sabine rivers. By 1822 their population had grown to nearly three hundred." To date, historic archaeological sites identified as being occupied by the Cherokee during their ca. 1820-1839 settlement of East Texas remain illusive, and to my knowledge no such sites have been documented to date in the region. This article considers, from an examination of the historic artifact assemblage found here, the possibility that the Dead Cow site is a Cherokee habitation site.

scholarly journals New Radiocarbon Dates from East Texas Caddo Sites

2014 ◽  
Author(s):  
Timothy K. Perttula ◽  
Robert Z. Selden
Keyword(s):  
River Basin ◽  
River Basins ◽  
East Texas ◽  
Radiocarbon Dates ◽  
Ams Dating ◽  
Sabine River ◽  
Organic Remains

In this article, we report the results of AMS dating of organic remains from ancestral East Texas Caddo sites in Gregg and Harrison counties. These sites are the Wade site (GC-38), a Middle Caddo period habitation in the mid-Sabine River basin, as well as from vessels (in the Gregg County Historical Museum) placed in Caddo burials at the Susie Slade (41HS13), Hyte, Eli Fields, J. O. and Henry Brown (41HS261), and the Patton (41HS825) sites in the Big Cypress and mid-Sabine River basins, and a vessel from an unknown site in the Big Cypress Creek basin.

scholarly journals 41HSS74, The Coleman Farm Site on Starkey Creek

1997 ◽  
Author(s):  
Timothy K. Perttula ◽  
Bo Nelson
Keyword(s):  
Research Group ◽  
Archaeological Sites ◽  
Archaeological Research ◽  
Archaeological Record ◽  
East Texas ◽  
Radiocarbon Dates ◽  
River Drainage ◽  
Field Investigations ◽  
Archaeological Materials ◽  
Sabine River

Recent archaeological research on the Middle Caddoan period in Northeast Texas has made it abundantly clear that Middle Caddoan archaeological sites are much more common in the region than previously thought. Furthermore, with additional archaeological investigations, some radiocarbon dates, and a different perspectives on the regional archaeological record, a number of sites in the Sabine River drainage that used to be considered of Late Caddoan age are now more properly seen to be part of an intensive Middle Caddoan settlement of much of the basin. Truly, a broader and more complete view of the important Middle Caddoan period (ca. A.D. 1200-1400) in Northeast Texas looms before us. With the understanding of the Middle Caddoan period increasing anew through field investigations, as well as the synthetic efforts of the East Texas Caddoan Research Group, and the implications of new archaeological findings (such as the Oak Hill Village excavation) a further motivation for new archaeological research, documenting other Middle Caddoan sites remains important. That is the goal of this paper, namely to document an assemblage of lithic and ceramic artifacts from a late Middle Caddoan period component at the Coleman Farm site (41HS574) in Harrison County, Texas. The archaeological materials reported on here are from a surface collection made by Marshall Macintosh at the site in late 1994.

scholarly journals Documentation of Ancestral Caddo Ceramic Vessels in the Smith County Historical Museum Collections

2014 ◽  
Author(s):  
Perttula ◽  
Nelson ◽  
Robert Selden ◽  
Walters
Keyword(s):  
Material Culture ◽  
Personal Communication ◽  
The Other ◽  
Archaeological Sites ◽  
Museum Collections ◽  
East Texas ◽  
Cultural Groups ◽  
Ceramic Vessels ◽  
Neches River ◽  
Smith County

This report puts on record the collection of 34 ancestral Caddo vessels held by the Smith County Historical Museum (SCHM) in Tyler, Texas. Most of the collection was donated to the SCHM in 2013, but several were also donated in 1985 (Carol Kehl, April 2014 personal communication). The vessels in this collection have been documented following the methods employed by the Friends of Northeast Texas Archaeology and Archeological & Environmental Consultants, LLC on a number of ancestral Caddo ceramic collections from East Texas archaeological sites (e.g., Perttula 2011, 2013, 2014; Perttula and Nelson 2013; Perttula and Thacker 2014; Perttula et al. 2007, 2009a, 2009b, 2010a, 2010b, 2010c, 2012a, 2012b, 2012c, 2013, 2014). The provenance of the Caddo vessels includes a number of vessels from sites at Lake O’ the Pines in the Big Cypress Creek basin, while the other 10 vessels are believed to have been collected from sites in the upper Neches River basin in Smith County, Texas. We discuss these conclusions in the “Summary and Conclusions” section of the report, relying on the decorative styles and types of the vessels (see Suhm and Jelks 1962) to sort them into the material culture remains known to be associated with different ancestral Caddo cultural groups in East Texas.

scholarly journals Caddo Ceramic Assemblages from Sites in the Ayish and Palo Gaucho Bayou Basins, San Augustine County, Texas

2016 ◽  
Author(s):  
Timothy K. Perttula
Keyword(s):  
Archaeological Sites ◽  
Archaeological Survey ◽  
Works Progress Administration ◽  
East Texas ◽  
Ceramic Assemblages ◽  
Lithic Artifacts ◽  
Primary Focus ◽  
Sabine River

In 1939 and 1940, G. E. Arnold recorded a number of archaeological sites in and around San Augustine, in East Texas, as part of a Works Progress Administration-funded (WPA) archaeological survey of East Texas. The eight sites of concern in this article are in either the Ayish Bayou or Palo Gaucho Bayou basins; the former is a southward-flowing tributary to the Angelina River, while the latter is a southeast-flowing tributary to the Sabine River. In several instances, depending upon the circumstances, Arnold was able to collect substantial numbers of ancestral Caddo ceramic and lithic artifacts from several of these sites. The character of these ceramic sherds—and their stylistic and technological similarities or differences to the ceramic assemblages from the 1716-1719, 1722-1773 Mission Dolores de los Ais in San Augustine as well as other known sites on Palo Gaucho and Housen bayous and Attoyac Bayou are the primary focus of the analysis reported on herein, but other temporally diagnostic ceramic and lithic artifacts are discussed as well.

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