scholarly journals Study the Effect of Scattering and Disperse Radiation on Equivalent Dose Rate for Al & Pb Shields

2011 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
pp. 261-268
Author(s):  
Baghdad Science Journal
Keyword(s):  
Dose Rate ◽  
Atomic Number ◽  
Equivalent Dose ◽  
Secondary Radiation ◽  
Dose Equivalent ◽  
Equivalent Dose Rate ◽  
Equivalent Rate

The effects of scattering and secondary radiation generated inside the material on dose equivalent rate where studied using Co60 and Cs137 sources of activity (199.8 , 177.6) MBq , respectively for different thicknesses of Al , Pb and Pb- glass . The results showed that the equivalent rate increases when the effect of scattering was included for Al and Pb shields with cobalt-60 source of energy 1.25 MeV ; and decreases for Pb shield with Cs-137 source of energy 0.662MeV .The results showed also that the atomic number of The material effects the dose equivalent rate . The Pb-glass shield was found to be more efficient in absorption than other shields.

State primary standards of equivalent dose and equivalent dose rate units of neutron radiation

1976 ◽  
Vol 19 (3) ◽  
pp. 404-408
Author(s):  
A. P. Yanovskii ◽  
M. F. Yudin ◽  
L. A. Popruzhko ◽  
V. V. Frolov ◽  
Yu. D. Lysak
Keyword(s):  
Dose Rate ◽  
Neutron Radiation ◽  
Equivalent Dose ◽  
Equivalent Dose Rate ◽  
Primary Standards

scholarly journals Calculating radiation dose rate from online real-time environmental -spectrum using NaI(Tl) detector

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 16-25
Author(s):  
Thu Bac Vuong ◽  
Hoang Tuan Truong ◽  
Duc Thang Duong ◽  
Dac Dung Bui ◽  
Duc Viet Cao ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Radiation Dose ◽  
Dose Rate ◽  
Real Time ◽  
Specific Activity ◽  
Radioactive Isotopes ◽  
Dose Equivalent ◽  
Radiation Dose Rate ◽  
Equivalent Rate ◽  
Ambient Dose Equivalent ◽  
Ambient Dose

Calculating gamma radiation dose rate from online real-time environmental gamma spectrum using NaI(Tl) detector has been developed into a software named RADAPROC V.1 in the Center for Operating the National Network of Environmental Radiation Monitoring And Warning (CONNERMAW). Currently, hundreds of online gamma spectra per day from online monitoring stations are processed to calculate the total ambient dose equivalent rate and the ambient dose equivalent rate of typical natural radioactive isotopes such as K-40, Bi-214, Tl-208 according to the method of using the function G(E) and the photo-peak area method. The calculated results have been compared with the results of calculating the dose rate from the specific activity of radioactive isotopes in soil samples collected at the same monitoring location and analyzed in the laboratory. The difference between the methods is less than 25%. The ambient dose equivalent rates of typical natural radioactive isotopes are a bit higher than those calculated with SARA-NMC software. The software will be improved shortly for better results.

scholarly journals Time changes of dose equivalent rate above the soil surface as indication of natural attenuation processes

2019 ◽  
Vol 381 ◽  
pp. 121-126
Author(s):  
Alexei V. Konoplev ◽  
Toshihiro Yoshihara ◽  
Yoshifumi Wakiyama
Keyword(s):  
Dose Rate ◽  
Natural Attenuation ◽  
Rate Constants ◽  
Radioactive Decay ◽  
Soil Surface ◽  
Dose Equivalent ◽  
Equivalent Rate ◽  
Exponential Trend ◽  
Time Dependencies ◽  
Time Changes

Abstract. Eight sites in the Fukushima contaminated area were surveyed for long-term changes in D-shuttle dose equivalent rate above the soil surface during 2015–2017. D-shuttle readings in most cases decreased faster than if due to radioactive decay only. More rapid decrease can be explained by natural attenuation processes, such as erosion of the topsoil, the vertical migration of radionuclides in the soil and the deposition of cleaner sediments transported by surface runoff. According to the time dependencies of D-shuttle dose rate readings integral rate constants of the natural attenuation were estimated using the exponential trend-line. Estimated rate constants of natural attenuation ranged from 7.3×10-3 to 0.48 yr−1, while the correspondent a half-dose rate decrease was 1.4–95 years.

Neutron Equivalent Dose Rate Measurements of Gypsum-Waste Tire Rubber Layered Structures

2013 ◽  
Vol 18 (6) ◽  
pp. 423-429 ◽  
Author(s):  
Turgay Korkut ◽  
Zeynep Itır Umaç ◽  
Bünyamin Aygün ◽  
Abdulhalik Karabulut ◽  
Sinan Yapıcı ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Dose Rate ◽  
Layered Structures ◽  
Equivalent Dose ◽  
Tire Rubber ◽  
Equivalent Dose Rate ◽  
Waste Tire ◽  
Waste Tire Rubber

PRE-ANTHROPIC AND PRESENT OUTDOOR GAMMA EQUIVALENT DOSE RATE OF THE HISTORIC CENTER OF ROME (ITALY)

2019 ◽  
Vol 187 (4) ◽  
pp. 518-534
Author(s):  
Guglietta Daniela ◽  
Serena Carloni ◽  
Mario Voltaggio ◽  
Giuseppe Antonino Di Lisa
Keyword(s):  
Gamma Ray ◽  
Fine Particulate Matter ◽  
Radioactive Material ◽  
Radiological Protection ◽  
Dose Equivalent ◽  
Lifetime Cancer Risk ◽  
Equivalent Dose Rate ◽  
Gamma Background ◽  
Historic Center ◽  
Equivalent Rate

Abstract The outdoor gamma background of the historic center of Rome was studied by in situ measurements and average values of the outcropping geological formations. The survey resulted in two maps of dose equivalent rate, related to pre-anthropic and present conditions. Presently, the average of the dose equivalent rate from outdoor gamma-ray field is equal to 0.31 μSv h−1, corresponding to an outdoor annual effective dose equivalent of 0.548 mSv a−1 and to an outdoor excess lifetime cancer risk [International Commission on Radiological Protection (ICRP). Recommendations of the ICRP, 21, 1/3, Publication 60, 1990] of 2.56 × 10−3. The originary radioactivity was enhanced by anthropic action up to a level of health risk comparable to that one deriving by fine particulate matter. The assessment of the evolution and dispersion of the outdoor gamma background offers a new perspective to study the urban architectural evolution. Such a mapping allows us to individuate mitigation actions and neighborhoods in which the monitoring of illicit trafficking of radioactive material can be efficiently tested.

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