EFFECTS OF PEER-TO-PEER LEARNING ON INDIVIDUAL CLASSROOM PERFORMANCE AND EVALUATION UNDER TEAM SETTINGS

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Aldo Caprile ◽  
Antonio Farías
Keyword(s):  
Peer Learning ◽  
Peer To Peer ◽  
Classroom Performance ◽  
Performance And Evaluation

scholarly journals Reflective Writing about Near-Peer Blogs: A Novel Method for Introducing the Medical Humanities in Premedical Education

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rachel Conrad Bracken ◽  
Ajay Major ◽  
Aleena Paul ◽  
Kirsten Ostherr
Keyword(s):  
Medical Student ◽  
Qualitative Analysis ◽  
Narrative Analysis ◽  
Academic Medicine ◽  
Medical Humanities ◽  
Peer Learning ◽  
Peer To Peer ◽  
Reflective Writing ◽  
Premedical Students ◽  
Blog Posts

AbstractNarrative analysis, creative writing, and interactive reflective writing have been identified as valuable for professional identity formation and resilience among medical and premedical students alike. This study proposes that medical student blogs are novel pedagogical tools for fostering peer-to-peer learning in academic medicine and are currently underutilized as a near-peer resource for premedical students to learn about the medical profession. To evaluate the pedagogical utility of medical student blogs for introducing core themes in the medical humanities, the authors conducted qualitative analysis of one hundred seventy-six reflective essays by baccalaureate premedical students written in response to medical student-authored narrative blog posts. Using an iterative thematic approach, the authors identified common patterns in the reflective essays, distilled major themes, coded the essays, and conducted narrative analysis through close reading. Qualitative analysis identified three core themes (empathic conflict, bias in healthcare, and the humanity of medicine) and one overarching theme (near-peer affinities). The premedical students’ essays demonstrated significant self-reflection in response to near-peer works, discussed their perceptions of medical professionalism, and expressed concerns about their future progress through the medical education system. The essays consistently attributed the impact of the medical student narratives to the authors’ status as near-peers. The authors conclude that reading and engaging in reflective writing about near-peer blog posts encourages premedical students to develop an understanding of core concepts in the medical humanities and promotes their reflection on the profession of medicine. Thus, incorporating online blogs written by medical trainees as narrative works in medical humanities classrooms is a novel pedagogical method for fostering peer-to-peer learning in academic medicine.

scholarly journals Incorporating Telementorship Into Laboratory Capacity Building Initiatives for Improved AMR Surveillance in Ethiopia

2020 ◽  
Vol 41 (S1) ◽  
pp. s41-s42
Author(s):  
Martin Evans ◽  
Rajiha Abubeker ◽  
Surafel Fentaw Dinku ◽  
Thuria Adem ◽  
Abera Abdeta ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Critical Thinking ◽  
Problem Solving ◽  
Capacity Building ◽  
Peer Learning ◽  
Peer To Peer ◽  
Collaborative Problem Solving ◽  
Surveillance Network ◽  
Project Echo ◽  
Laboratory Capacity ◽  
Case Presentations

Background: In July 2017, recognizing the threat that antimicrobial resistance poses to the population, the Ethiopian Public Health Institute (EPHI) launched the Ethiopia AMR Surveillance Network at 4 sentinel laboratories. Simultaneously, laboratory capacity building was initiated to ensure the reporting of quality laboratory data to the surveillance system. One initiative, Project ECHO (Extension for Community Healthcare Outcomes) was used to virtually connect subject matter experts with participating laboratories in remote settings to provide ongoing education and telementoring and to foster peer-to-peer learning and problem solving in microbiology. The 10-month project was supported by the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) and the American Society for Microbiology (ASM).Methods: Biweekly 1-hour sessions were held by ASM for 2 sentinel sites, Tikur Anbessa Specialized Hospital and the EPHI Clinical Microbiology and Mycology Laboratory, using a videoconferencing platform. Each virtual session consisted of a didactic session, a case presentation by a participating laboratory, open discussion and feedback. Case presentations focused on technical challenges and problems encountered in the preanalytical, analytical, and postanalytical phases of microbiology testing. Experts from CDC and ASM provided feedback along with a summation of key learning objectives. Sessions were recorded and post session reports were shared with participants. To assess participants’ baseline knowledge, a comprehensive pretest was administered prior to the first session. The same instrument was administered as a posttest 2 weeks after the final session. Unstructured interviews were also conducted to assess participants’ perceptions of the value of ECHO to their work. Results: Mean pretest scores were 69.25% and the posttest scores were 71.04%, a difference of 1.79% (P = NS). Participant interviews revealed perceived benefits of ECHO participation to include enhanced critical thinking and problem resolution in microbiology, increased communication and improved working relationships between participating sites, and improved understanding and application of CLSI standards. As a result of Ethiopia’s participation in Project ECHO, 23 case presentations have been added to ECHO Box, a resource bank and web portal, which allows members of the ECHO community to share and access didactics, documents, and learning materials. Conclusions: Despite minimal difference between pretest and posttest scores, the Project ECHO experience of virtual case-based learning and collaborative problem solving has encouraged critical thinking, peer-to-peer learning, networking among participants, and has provided microbiologists with the resources for improved bacterial isolation, identification, and antibiotic susceptibility testing. The lessons learned could be applied as this project is expanded to additional laboratories in the AMR Surveillance Network.Funding: NoneDisclosures: None

scholarly journals “Audience exchange”: cultivating peer-to-peer dialogue at unfamiliar arts events

2017 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. 65-79 ◽  
Author(s):  
Stephanie Pitts ◽  
Jonathan Gross
Keyword(s):  
Peer Learning ◽  
Peer To Peer ◽  
Small Scale ◽  
Exchange Method ◽  
Audience Engagement ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Peer Dialogue ◽  
Targeted Marketing ◽  
Audience Development ◽  
First Time

Purpose The purpose of this paper is to demonstrate the usefulness of the “audience exchange” approach for audience development and research, and to highlight the insights offered by peer-to-peer dialogue in understanding experiences of unfamiliar arts. Design/methodology/approach Using a case study with contemporary arts audiences, and setting this in the wider context of studies with other first-time attenders at a range of arts events, the paper explores the use of the “audience exchange” method, in which facilitated conversations after performance events allow newcomers to reflect upon and deepen their first-time encounters with live arts. Findings The study demonstrates the way in which conversations about arts events can enrich audience experience, and shows how participants use exploratory and emotional language to articulate their understanding of unfamiliar arts events. Peer-to-peer learning occurs through these conversations, in ways that could be further supported by arts organisations as a valuable tool for audience development. The audience exchange discussions also reveal the varieties of participation from “drifting” to full attention that are all part of audience engagement. Research limitations/implications This is a small-scale, qualitative study, and the method has potential to be tested in future studies with a greater variety of participants (e.g. younger or more ethnically diverse groups). Practical implications Use of the audience exchange for enriching experiences of first-time attendance could be adopted by arts organisations as a regular part of their audience engagement. Greater understanding of how new audience members draw on prior cultural experiences in finding the language to articulate their first impressions of an unfamiliar arts event could be valuable for targeted marketing and increasing accessibility. Originality/value The originality of this study lies in its elaboration of the audience exchange method, and its focus on the language and peer-to-peer learning evident in the facilitated post-performance discussions.

Lesson Study: Scaling up peer-to-peer learning for teachers in Zambia

2016 ◽  
Author(s):  
Haeyeon Jung ◽  
Christina Kwauk ◽  
Ainan Nuran ◽  
Jenny Perlman Robinson ◽  
Marijke Schouten ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Lesson Study ◽  
Peer Learning ◽  
Scaling Up ◽  
Peer To Peer

The Knee Bone Connected To the Thigh Bone

2010 ◽  
pp. 139-149
Author(s):  
T. J. Joyce ◽  
P McCormack
Keyword(s):  
Systems Engineering ◽  
Joint Replacement ◽  
Engineering Students ◽  
Total Joint Replacement ◽  
Peer Learning ◽  
Peer To Peer ◽  
Human Anatomy ◽  
Written Feedback ◽  
Thigh Bone ◽  
Anatomy Teaching

Bioengineering is a multidisciplinary subject which necessitates that engineering students, who typically have no knowledge of medicine, must quickly and effectively gain a thorough understanding of the complexities of human anatomy. Teaching on a Bioengineering module at Newcastle University’s School of Mechanical and Systems Engineering employed a combination of Primal Pictures anatomical software, bespoke teaching materials and peer to peer learning. This allowed Bioengineering students to quickly construct an understanding of anatomical principles which they used in individual, assessed projects on total joint replacement. Anonymised, written feedback gathered from the students revealed overwhelmingly positive learning experiences and assessed projects indicated deep knowledge of the anatomical descriptions necessary to understand and work with the science of joint replacement.

Leveraging peer-to-peer farmer learning to facilitate better strategies in smallholder dairy husbandry

2020 ◽  
pp. 105971232097136
Author(s):  
Devotha G Nyambo ◽  
Edith T Luhanga ◽  
Zaipuna O Yonah ◽  
Fidalis DN Mujibi ◽  
Thomas Clemen
Keyword(s):  
Milk Yield ◽  
Peer Learning ◽  
Peer To Peer ◽  
Inexpensive Method ◽  
Dairy Farmers ◽  
Agent Based ◽  
Agent Based Modelling ◽  
Farmer Groups ◽  
Using Data ◽  
New Strategies

Peer-to-peer learning paradigm is seldom used in studying how farmers can increase yield. In this article, agent-based modelling has been applied to study the chances of dairy farmers increasing annual milk yield by learning better farming strategies from each other. Two sets of strategies were considered; in one set ( S), each farmer agent would possess a number of farming strategies based on their knowledge, and in a second set [Formula: see text], farmer agents would possess farming strategies that they have adopted from their peers. Regression models were used to determine litres of milk that could be produced whenever new strategies were applied. By using data from Ethiopia and Tanzania, 28 and 25 determinants for increase in milk yield were fitted for the two countries, respectively. There was a significant increase in average milk yield as the farmer agents interacted and updated their [Formula: see text]– from baseline data, average milk yield of 12.7 ± 4.89 and 13.62 ± 4.47 to simulated milk yield average of 17.57 ± 0.72 and 20.34 ± 1.16 for Tanzania and Ethiopia, respectively. The peer-to-peer learning approach details an inexpensive method manageable by the farmers themselves. Its implementation could range from physical farmer groups to online interactions.

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