scholarly journals A new specimen of Spinosaurus (Dinosauria, Theropoda) from the Lower Cretaceous of Tunisia, with remarks on the evolutionary history of the Spinosauridae

2002 ◽  
Vol 173 (5) ◽  
pp. 415-421 ◽  
Author(s):  
Eric Buffetaut ◽  
Mohamed Ouaja
Keyword(s):  
Lower Cretaceous ◽  
Evolutionary History ◽  
Faunal Change ◽  
Southern Tunisia ◽  
Alternative Hypotheses ◽  
History Of

Abstract A newly discovered incomplete dinosaur dentary from the Chenini Sandstones (early Albian) of Jebel Miteur (Tataouine Governorate, southern Tunisia) is extremely similar to the corresponding part of the type of Spinosaurus aegyptiacus STROMER, 1915, and is identified as Spinosaurus cf. aegyptiacus. A review of African spinosaurids shows that baryonychines were present in the Aptian, and apparently became replaced by spinosaurines in the Albian and Cenomanian, perhaps as part of a more general faunal change between the Aptian and Albian. Spinosaurines may have been derived from the less advanced baryonychines. Several alternative hypotheses about the biogeographical history of the Spinosauridae are discussed.

The first Progonocimicidae (Insecta: Hemiptera: Coleorrhyncha) from Lower Cretaceous Lebanese amber

2011 ◽  
Vol 42 (2) ◽  
pp. 161-177 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kamil Ziadé ◽  
Jacek Szwedo ◽  
Dany Azar
Keyword(s):  
Lower Cretaceous ◽  
Evolutionary History ◽  
New Taxon ◽  
History Of

AbstractIlahulgabalus endaidus gen. sp.n. (Progonocimicidae: Cicadocorinae) the first representative of Coleorrhyncha from the Lower Cretaceous amber of Lebanon is described. The placement of the new taxon within Coleorrhyncha and the evolutionary history of the suborder are discussed.

scholarly journals The palate and choanae structure of the cf. Susisuchus (Crocodyliformes, Eusuchia): phylogenetic implications

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Karla J Leite ◽  
Daniel C Fortier
Keyword(s):  
Lower Cretaceous ◽  
Evolutionary History ◽  
Ventral View ◽  
Sister Group ◽  
Phylogenetic Position ◽  
Phylogenetic Implications ◽  
History Of

Crocodyliformes have undergone few modifications in their morphology since they have emerged. The change in the position of the choana was important during the evolutionary history of this group. Such character is relevant in the phylogenetic position of many crocodyliforms. The Susisuchidae clade has been placed in different phylogenetic positions: as a sister group of Eusuchia, advanced Neosuchia and in Eusuchia. In Isisfordia there are reports that the choana of this taxon is or not fully enclosed by pterygoid. A new skull of cf. Susisuchus from the Crato Formation of the Santana Group (Lower Cretaceous) is described and we recover Susisuchidae in a new phylogenetic position within Eusuchia. The preservation in the ventral view of FPH-243-V allows character encoding not yet observed for the species. The new specimen shows a typical eusuchian palate for Susisuchus, in which the choana is fully enclosed by the pterygoid. The encoding of the ventral characters of Susisuchus places Susisuchidae in Eusuchia. However, this position must be further studied, since the matrices showed fragility in the reconstitution of the Neosuchia-Eusuchia transition.

The skeletal morphology of the solemydid turtleNaomichelys speciosafrom the Early Cretaceous of Texas

2014 ◽  
Vol 88 (6) ◽  
pp. 1257-1287 ◽  
Author(s):  
Walter G. Joyce ◽  
Juliana Sterli ◽  
Sandra D. Chapman
Keyword(s):  
North America ◽  
Late Cretaceous ◽  
Lower Cretaceous ◽  
Fossil Record ◽  
Posterior Margin ◽  
Late Jurassic ◽  
Evolutionary History ◽  
Ventral View ◽  
Skeletal Morphology ◽  
History Of

The fossil record of solemydid turtles is primarily based on isolated fragments collected from Late Jurassic to Late Cretaceous sediments throughout North America and Europe and little is therefore known about the morphology and evolutionary history of the group. We here provide a detailed description of the only known near-complete solemydid skeleton, which was collected from the Lower Cretaceous (Aptian–Albian) Antlers Formation of Texas during the mid-twentieth century, but essentially remains undescribed to date. Though comparison is limited, the skeleton is referred toNaomichelys speciosa, which is based on an isolated entoplastron from the Lower Cretaceous (Aptian–Albian) Kootenai (Cloverly) Formation of Montana. The absence of temporal emarginations, contribution of the jugals to the orbits, and a clear subdivision of the middle and inner cavities, and the presence of elongate postorbitals, posteriorly expanded squamosals, a triangular fossa at the posterior margin of the squamosals, an additional pair of tubercula basioccipitale that is formed by the pterygoids, foramina pro ramo nervi vidiani (VII) that are visible in ventral view, shell sculpturing consisting of high tubercles, a large entoplastron with entoplastral scute, V-shaped anterior peripherals, and limb osteoderms with tubercular sculpture diagnoseNaomichelys speciosaas a representative of Solemydidae. The full visibility of the parabasisphenoid complex in ventral view, the presence of an expanded symphyseal shelf, and the unusual ventromedial folding of the coronoid process are the primary characteristics that distinguishNaomichelys speciosafrom the near-coeval European taxonHelochelydra nopcsai.

Oldest evidence of bramble sharks (Elasmobranchii, Echinorhinidae) in the Lower Cretaceous of southeast France and the evolutionary history of orbitostylic sharks

2012 ◽  
Vol 35 ◽  
pp. 81-87 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. Adnet ◽  
G. Guinot ◽  
H. Cappetta ◽  
J.-L. Welcomme
Keyword(s):  
Lower Cretaceous ◽  
Evolutionary History ◽  
History Of

scholarly journals The palate and choanae structure of theSusisuchusanatoceps(Crocodyliformes, Eusuchia): phylogenetic implications

PeerJ ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 6 ◽  
pp. e5372 ◽  
Author(s):  
Karla J. Leite ◽  
Daniel C. Fortier
Keyword(s):  
Lower Cretaceous ◽  
Fossil Record ◽  
Evolutionary History ◽  
Morphological Changes ◽  
Ventral View ◽  
Structural Evolution ◽  
Sister Group ◽  
Phylogenetic Position ◽  
Phylogenetic Implications ◽  
History Of

Crocodyliformes is a group with a broad fossil record, in which several morphological changes have been documented. Among known transformations the most iconic is perhaps the series of changes seen in the structural evolution of the choanae. The change in the position of the choanae was important during the evolutionary history of the Crocodyliformes. This structure is relevant in the phylogenetic position of many crocodyliforms. The new skull ofSusisuchus anatocepsfrom the Crato Formation of the Santana Group (Lower Cretaceous) is described and the preservation in the ventral view allows character encoding not yet observed for the species. The new specimen shows a typical eusuchian palate forSusisuchus anatoceps, in which the choana is fully enclosed by the pterygoid. The Susisuchidae clade has been placed in different phylogenetic positions: as a sister group of Eusuchia, advanced Neosuchia and in Eusuchia. InIsisfordiathere are reports that the choana of this taxon is or is not fully enclosed by the pterygoid. The encoding of the ventral characters ofS.anatocepsplaces Susisuchidae in Eusuchia. However, this position must be further studied, since the matrices showed fragility in the reconstitution of the Neosuchia–Eusuchia transition.

scholarly journals New endosymbiotic relationships between Mucoromycota and Burkholderiaceae representatives

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alicja Okrasińska ◽  
Aleksandra Bokus ◽  
Katarzyna Duk ◽  
Aleksandra Gęsiorska ◽  
Blanka Sokołowska ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Intimate Relationships ◽  
Evolutionary History ◽  
Free Living ◽  
16S Rdna Gene ◽  
Fungal Strains ◽  
The Family ◽  
Alternative Hypotheses ◽  
History Of ◽  
Terrestrial Fungi ◽  
Fungal Kingdom

Mucoromycota representatives are known to harbour two types of endohyphal bacteria (EHB) – Burkholderia related endobacteria (BRE) and Mycoplasma related endobacteria (MRE). While both BRE and MRE occur in fungi representing all subphyla of Mucoromycota, their distribution is not well studied. Therefore, it is difficult to resolve the evolutionary history of these associations in favour of one of the two alternative hypotheses explaining their origin: “early invasion” and “late invasion”. Our main goal was to fill this knowledge gap by surveying Mucoromycota fungi for presence of EHB. We screened 196 fungal strains from 16 genera using PCR-based approach to detect bacterial 16S rDNA gene, complemented with FISH imaging to confirm presence of bacteria within the hyphae. We detected Burkholderiaceae in ca. 20% of fungal strains. Some of these bacteria clustered phylogenetically with previously described BRE clades whereas others grouped with free-living Paraburkholderia. Importantly, the latter were detected in Umbelopsidales, which previously were not known to harbour endobacteria. Our results suggest that this group of EHB is recruited from the environment, supporting the late invasion scenario. This pattern complements the early invasion scenario apparent in the BRE clade of EHB. IMPORTANCE Bacteria living within fungal hyphae present an example of one of the most intimate relationships between fungi and bacteria. Even though there are several well-described examples of such partnerships, their prevalence within fungal kingdom remains unknown. Our study focused on early divergent terrestrial fungi in the phylum Mucoromycota. We found that ca. 20% of the strains tested, harboured bacteria from the family Burkholderiaceae. Not only did we confirm the presence of bacteria from previously described endosymbiont clades, we also identified new group of endohyphal Burkholderiaceae representing the genus Paraburkholderia. We established that more than half of the screened Umbelopsis strains were positive for bacteria from this new group. We also determined that, while previously described BRE codiverged with their fungal hosts, Paraburkholderia symbionts did not.

scholarly journals The palate and choanae structure of the cf. Susisuchus (Crocodyliformes, Eusuchia): phylogenetic implications

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Karla J Leite ◽  
Daniel C Fortier
Keyword(s):  
Lower Cretaceous ◽  
Evolutionary History ◽  
Ventral View ◽  
Sister Group ◽  
Phylogenetic Position ◽  
Phylogenetic Implications ◽  
History Of

Crocodyliformes have undergone few modifications in their morphology since they have emerged. The change in the position of the choana was important during the evolutionary history of this group. Such character is relevant in the phylogenetic position of many crocodyliforms. The Susisuchidae clade has been placed in different phylogenetic positions: as a sister group of Eusuchia, advanced Neosuchia and in Eusuchia. In Isisfordia there are reports that the choana of this taxon is or not fully enclosed by pterygoid. A new skull of cf. Susisuchus from the Crato Formation of the Santana Group (Lower Cretaceous) is described and we recover Susisuchidae in a new phylogenetic position within Eusuchia. The preservation in the ventral view of FPH-243-V allows character encoding not yet observed for the species. The new specimen shows a typical eusuchian palate for Susisuchus, in which the choana is fully enclosed by the pterygoid. The encoding of the ventral characters of Susisuchus places Susisuchidae in Eusuchia. However, this position must be further studied, since the matrices showed fragility in the reconstitution of the Neosuchia-Eusuchia transition.

Elaborating the role of reflection and individual differences in the study of folk-economic beliefs

2018 ◽  
Vol 41 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kevin Arceneaux
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Individual Differences ◽  
Cognitive Processes ◽  
Evolutionary History ◽  
Behavioral Responses ◽  
History Of ◽  
Economic Beliefs

AbstractIntuitions guide decision-making, and looking to the evolutionary history of humans illuminates why some behavioral responses are more intuitive than others. Yet a place remains for cognitive processes to second-guess intuitive responses – that is, to be reflective – and individual differences abound in automatic, intuitive processing as well.

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