Oil Polluted Soil Remediation Techniques Using a Complete Molecules Destruction Formulated Reagent

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Celestine Udie ◽  
Fina Faithpraise ◽  
Agnes Anuka ◽  
Ekpenyong Ana

Abstract Crude oil pollution is a serious threat to both humans and agricultural trends in all ramifications. The effects include suffocation of humans, plants and other useful organisms in the polluted area. The resultant effect is that it is cost effective and provides an aerated soil environment for enough nutrient distribution. This research designed an effective reagent that has ability to destroy the crude oil molecules in the soil and reviewed highlights for crude oil molecule conversion into soil nutrient. The formulation is based on the principle of complete destruction or combustion of hydrocarbons (crude oil) molecules. The Reagent is called hydrocarbons polluted area sludge solution. The advantage is that the polluted soil is remediated and it is restored after the application of the reagent, with increase in its original fertility. The reagent was applied on a soil polluted by crude oil around Warri Refinery and the result showed a complete destruction of the sludge molecules. It converted the sludge molecules into organic salt, hydride and water molecules. It was equally used on samples sludge from Ogoni polluted area and the result was successful. The sludge was completely destroyed and converted into organic salts and acids. Soil and water samples around the polluted area analysis result revealed that contaminated soil and water were restored. It has been confirmed that the reagent has the ability to destroy sludge molecules in soil, effectively clean and restore the soil with added fertility.

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chioma Blaise Chikere ◽  
Memory Tekere ◽  
Rasheed Adeleke

Abstract Background: The frequency of crude oil pollution has been on the increase following increased exploration, exploitation and production of energy from fossil fuel. Bioremediation has been shown to be eco-friendly and cost-effective method of oil spill remediation. In the Niger Delta, Landfarming has been the most used technique. The aim of this research was to employ metagenomic techniques to understand microbial dynamics during field-scale remediation in the Niger Delta in order to improve and reduce the time of remediation. Results: The surface (0.0 – 0.5m) sample had an extractable TPH value of 6231 mg/kg. The subsurface samples from 1m, 1.5m and 2.0m depths had extractable TPH concentration of 4836 mg/kg, 9112 mg/kg and 7273 mk/kg respectively. Proteobacteria dominated the bacterial community of the oil-polluted soil and comprised mainly of the classes Alphaproteobacteria, Betaproteobacteria and Gammaproteobacteria. Alpha diversity analysis revealed the presence of crude oil in the soil reduced microbial diversity. Principal coordinate analysis showed the microbial structure continually changed following changes in the chemical composition of the soil. Mycobacterium, Burkholderia, Methylobacterium and Bacillus were among the core OTUs detected during the period of remediation. Significant variation in pathway abundance particularly pathways for propanoate degradation, benzoate degradation, naphthalene degradation, fatty acid metabolism, polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon degradation and degradation of xenobiotics were observed when the unpolluted soil was compared to the samples obtained during remediation. Conclusions: The findings from this study will greatly advance an already preferred landfarming oil spill recovery technique in the Niger Delta.


2020 ◽  
pp. 1-8
Author(s):  
J. A. Chukwumati ◽  
G. C. Ibanibo ◽  
O. M. Adedokun

The study was conducted to evaluate the influence of different levels of crude oil pollution remediated with spent mushroom substrate (SMS) on the growth of maize after one month of pollution. Composite soil samples randomly collected were polluted with Bonny light crude oil (v/w) at a concentration of 0%, 2%, 4% and 6% in a perforated plastic pots with 6 kg of top soil (0-20) cm.  Ten percent of decomposed SMS was applied on each of the pots. A month after remediation, four seeds of Oba Super 11 maize variety were sown into each pot and later thinned to two after germination. The design was Complete Randomized Design consisting of six treatments and four replicates. After eight weeks of the study, results revealed a reduction in plant germination rate (60%) in polluted (SCM) against (87%) in non-polluted (SM) soil. Plant germination was highest (93.8%) on natural soil (SSM) amended with SMS. Amendment of the polluted soil with SMS improved the germination of the plant from 60% to 75%. There was a significant (P<0.01) decrease in plant height on polluted against natural soils. Amendment of the polluted soil with SMS slightly increased the height of the plant though not significant within the first six weeks of the study, however, a significant (P<0.01) increase was observed on the seventh and eighth weeks of the study. Pollution of the soil with crude oil revealed significant (P<0.01) reduction on some soil physico-chemical properties (available phosphorus, exchangeable cations (Ca, Mg and K), while a significant (P<0.01) increase was observed on total hydrocarbon content, total nitrogen, total organic carbon and total organic matter on the polluted over natural soil. Amendment of the polluted soil with SMS improved the nutrient status of the soil as there was significant (P<0.01) increase in the concentration of Ca, Mg, K, P and a reduction in the content of THC, TOC of the soil. Remediation of crude oil polluted soil, with spent mushroom substrate a month after pollution, improved soil fertility.


2012 ◽  
Vol 518-523 ◽  
pp. 2665-2669 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xiang Sheng Zhang ◽  
Yi Jun Kang ◽  
De Jun Xu

Pot experiments under controlled conditions were conducted to study the physiological response of influence of ryegrass (Lolium perenne) to petroleum pollution and to evaluate the removal efficiency of hydrocarbon pollutants. The morphological and physiological characteristics such as height, root length, weight, chlorophyll content, activities of superoxide dismutase (SOD), and peroxidase (POD) were investigated. Our results indicated that, due to crude oil pollution stress, the growth and antioxidant enzymes were inhibited more or less with increased crude oil concentrations, but ryegrass also showed resistance to crude oil pollutants and good potential in crude oil bioremoval. This study lays a preliminary foundation on phytoremediation of crude oil pollution in soil.


2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
pp. 46-60
Author(s):  
Igor Bakhmet ◽  
Natalia Fokina ◽  
Tatiana Ruokolainen

Blue mussels, Mytilus edulis, inhabiting tidal zones, are naturally exposed to fluctuating environmental conditions (e.g., fluctuations in temperature and salinities), while horse mussels, Modiolus modiolus, live under relatively invariable shelf water conditions. The present investigation tested the hypothesis: blue mussels, in comparison to horse mussels, have an increased ability to tolerate the stress of pollution combined with low salinity. To assess the response of blue mussels and horse mussels to oil pollution at seawater salinities of 25 psu (normal) and 15 psu (low), we used a combination of heart rate and lipid composition as physiological and biochemical indicators, respectively. A sharp decrease in heart rate as well as important fluctuations in cardiac activity was observed under all oil concentrations. Modifications in the concentrations of the main membrane lipid classes (phosphatidylcholine, phosphatidylethanolamine, and cholesterol) and storage lipids (primarily triacylglycerols) in response to different crude oil concentrations were time- and dose-dependent. Both chosen indicators showed a high sensitivity to crude oil contamination. Furthermore, both bivalve species showed similar responses to oil pollution, suggesting a universal mechanism for biochemical adaptation to crude oil pollution.


2019 ◽  
Vol 13 (10) ◽  
pp. 402-409
Author(s):  
Olusanya Emmanuel Oludele ◽  
Damilola Tope Ogundele ◽  
Kayode Odeniyi ◽  
Olayinka Shoyode

Author(s):  
Segun Gbolagade Jonathan ◽  
Michael Asemoloye ◽  
Rafiq Ahmad ◽  
O. Joseph Olawuyi ◽  
Damilola Adejoye

2012 ◽  
Vol 28 (4) ◽  
pp. 699-707 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xiuzhen Li ◽  
Yongguang Sun ◽  
Ülo Mander ◽  
Yanlong He

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