scholarly journals Phylogeny of two poorly known ciliate genera (Ciliophora, Heterotrichea), with notes on the redefinition of Gruberia uninucleata Kahl, 1932 and Linostomella vorticella (Ehrenberg, 1833) based on populations found in China

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yong Chi ◽  
Yuqing Li ◽  
Qianqian Zhang ◽  
Mingzhen Ma ◽  
Alan Warren ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Sequence Data ◽  
Phylogenetic Analyses ◽  
Large Body ◽  
Molecular Data ◽  
Small Subunit ◽  
Ssu Rdna ◽  
Rdna Sequence ◽  
Rdna Sequence Data ◽  
Aquatic Food ◽  
First Time

Abstract Background Heterotrichous ciliates are common members of microeukaryote communities which play important roles in the transfer of material and energy flow in aquatic food webs. This group has been known over two centuries due to their large body size and cosmopolitan distribution. Nevertheless, species identification and phylogenetic relationships of heterotrichs remain challenging due to the lack of accurate morphological information and insufficient molecular data. Results The morphology and phylogeny of two poorly known heterotrichous ciliates, Gruberia uninucleata Kahl, 1932 and Linostomella vorticella (Ehrenberg, 1833) Aescht in Foissner et al. , 1999, were investigated based on their living morphology, infraciliature, and small subunit (SSU) rDNA sequence data. Based on a combination of previous and present studies, detailed morphometric data and the improved diagnoses of both species are supplied here. In addition, molecular data of the two species are reported for the first time. Phylogenetic analyses based on SSU rDNA sequence data support the generic assignment of these two species. Conclusions Two insufficiently studied species, G. uninucleata and L. vorticella , are redefined using state-of-the-art methods. Previous reports on these two species are re-evaluated in the light of present findings.

scholarly journals New contributions to two ciliate genera (Ciliophora, Heterotrichea) based on morphological and molecular analyses, with description of a new Gruberia species

2020 ◽  
Vol 20 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Yong Chi ◽  
Yuqing Li ◽  
Qianqian Zhang ◽  
Mingzhen Ma ◽  
Alan Warren ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Sequence Data ◽  
Phylogenetic Analyses ◽  
Large Body ◽  
Molecular Data ◽  
Small Subunit ◽  
Rdna Sequence ◽  
Small Subunit Rdna ◽  
Rdna Sequence Data ◽  
Molecular Information ◽  
Aquatic Food

Abstract Background Heterotrichous ciliates are common members of microeukaryote communities which play important roles in both the transfer of material and the flow of energy in aquatic food webs. This group has been known for over two centuries due to their large body size and cosmopolitan distribution. Nevertheless, species identification and phylogenetic relationships of heterotrichs remain challenging due to the lack of accurate morphological information and insufficient molecular data. Results The morphology and phylogeny of two heterotrichous ciliates, namely Gruberia foissneri spec. nov. and Linostomella vorticella (Ehrenberg, 1833) Aescht in Foissner et al., 1999, were studied using rigorous methods (living morphology, stained preparations, and small subunit rDNA sequence data). Gruberia foissneri spec. nov. is morphologically very similar to G. uninucleata Kahl, 1932, however, it can be distinguished from the latter by having more ciliary rows (about 32 vs. about 20) and macronuclear shape (sausage-shaped vs. ellipsoid). Based on a combination of previous and present studies, an improved diagnosis of L. vorticella is supplied and several taxonomic anomalies are clarified. In addition, phylogenetic analyses based on SSU rDNA sequence data support the generic assignment of these two species. Conclusions Modern ciliate taxonomy should be performed by means of detailed living observation, stained preparations and molecular information. For those species that have been reported in previous studies, it is necessary to provide as much useful information as possible using state-of-the-art methods in order to resolve taxonomic anomalies.

scholarly journals New contributions to two ciliate genera (Ciliophora, Heterotrichea) based on morphological and molecular analyses, with description of a new Gruberia species

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yong Chi ◽  
Yuqing Li ◽  
Qianqian Zhang ◽  
Mingzhen Ma ◽  
Alan Warren ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Sequence Data ◽  
Phylogenetic Analyses ◽  
Large Body ◽  
Molecular Data ◽  
Small Subunit ◽  
Rdna Sequence ◽  
Small Subunit Rdna ◽  
Rdna Sequence Data ◽  
Molecular Information ◽  
Aquatic Food

Abstract Background: Heterotrichous ciliates are common members of microeukaryote communities which play important roles in both the transfer of material and the flow of energy in aquatic food webs. This group has been known for over two centuries due to their large body size and cosmopolitan distribution. Nevertheless, species identification and phylogenetic relationships of heterotrichs remain challenging due to the lack of accurate morphological information and insufficient molecular data.Results: The morphology and phylogeny of two heterotrichous ciliates, namely Gruberia foissneri spec. nov. and Linostomella vorticella (Ehrenberg, 1833) Aescht in Foissner et al., 1999, were studied using rigorous methods (living morphology, stained preparations, and small subunit rDNA sequence data). Gruberia foissneri spec. nov. is morphologically very similar to G. uninucleata Kahl, 1932, however, it can be distinguished from the latter by having more ciliary rows (about 32 vs. about 20) and macronuclear shape (sausage-shaped vs. ellipsoid). Based on a combination of previous and present studies, an improved diagnosis of L. vorticella is supplied and several taxonomic anomalies are clarified. In addition, phylogenetic analyses based on SSU rDNA sequence data support the generic assignment of these two species.Conclusions: Modern ciliate taxonomy should be performed by means of detailed living observation, stained preparations and molecular information. For those species that have been reported in previous studies, it is necessary to provide as much useful information as possible using state-of-the-art methods in order to resolve taxonomic anomalies.

scholarly journals Reconsideration of the ‘well-known’ hypotrichous ciliate Pleurotricha curdsi (Shi et al., 2002) Gupta et al., 2003 (Ciliophora, Sporadotrichida), with notes on its morphology, morphogenesis and molecular phylogeny

2015 ◽  
Vol 65 (Pt_9) ◽  
pp. 3216-3225 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xiaoteng Lu ◽  
Chen Shao ◽  
Yuhe Yu ◽  
Alan Warren ◽  
Jie Huang
Keyword(s):  
Sequence Data ◽  
Southern China ◽  
Phylogenetic Analyses ◽  
Large Body ◽  
Small Subunit ◽  
Variable Number ◽  
Ssu Rdna ◽  
Intermediate Form ◽  
Rdna Sequence Data

The oxytrichid species Pleurotricha curdsi (Shi et al., 2002) Gupta et al., 2003, isolated from a tributary of the Yangtze River in the Mudong district of Chongqing, southern China, was reinvestigated with emphasis on its morphology, morphogenesis and small-subunit (SSU) rDNA-based phylogeny. Compared with three previously described populations, the Mudong population of P. curdsi is characterized by its large body size, 170–295 × 65–110 μm in vivo, and by having a variable number of right marginal rows, either two or three. Likewise, the number of right marginal rows anlagen (RMA) is also variable, i.e. usually two, but sometimes several small extra anlagen that give rise to the formation of the third row, are present to the left of the RMAs. We posit that the Mudong population is an intermediate form between the three previously described populations. Phylogenetic analyses based on the SSU rDNA sequence data show that all populations of P. curdsi cluster with the type species of the genus, Pleurotricha lanceolata, in a clade nested within the Oxytrichidae.

scholarly journals The Morphology, Taxonomy, and Phylogenetic Analyses of Five Freshwater Colonial Peritrich Ciliates (Alveolata, Ciliophora), Including the Descriptions of Two New Species

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tong Wu ◽  
Zhe Wang ◽  
Lili Duan ◽  
Hamed El-Serehy ◽  
Saleh A. Al-Farraj ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
New Species ◽  
Sequence Data ◽  
Phylogenetic Analyses ◽  
Ssu Rdna ◽  
Rdna Sequence ◽  
Time Data ◽  
Rdna Sequence Data ◽  
Two New Species ◽  
Freshwater Habitats ◽  
First Time

The morphology and phylogeny of two new sessilid species, Zoothamnium weishanicum n. sp. and Epicarchesium sinense n. sp., two insufficiently known species, Zoothamnium arbusculaEhrenberg, 1831 and Zoothamnium hentscheliKahl, 1935, and a well-known species, Carchesium polypinum (Linnaeus, 1767) Ehrenberg, 1838, collected from freshwater habitats of China, were investigated. Zoothamnium weishanicum n. sp. is characterized by its inverted bell-shaped zooids, double-layered peristomial lip, alternately branched stalk, and two different-length rows in infundibular polykinety 3 (P3). Epicarchesium sinense n. sp. is recognized by its asymmetric-pyriform zooids, single-layered peristomial lip, conspicuous cortical blisters on the pellicle, dichotomously branched stalk, and P3 containing one short inner row and two long outer rows. Based on previous and newly obtained data of the three known species, improved diagnoses and redescriptions are provided including, for the first time, data on the infraciliature of Z. arbuscula and Z. hentscheli. In addition, we analyzed the phylogeny of each species based on SSU rDNA sequence data.

scholarly journals Redescription, Morphogenesis, and Molecular Phylogeny of Pseudosincirra longicirrata nov. comb., With Establishment of a New Genus Pseudosincirra nov. gen. (Ciliophora, Hypotrichia)

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Qi Gao ◽  
Chen Shao ◽  
Qiuyue Tang ◽  
Jingbao Li
Keyword(s):  
Molecular Phylogeny ◽  
New Genus ◽  
Sequence Data ◽  
Southern China ◽  
Phylogenetic Analyses ◽  
Small Subunit ◽  
Ssu Rdna ◽  
Original Population ◽  
The Family ◽  
Rdna Sequence Data

The morphology and morphogenesis of Pseudosincirra longicirrata nov. gen. and nov. comb., isolated from southern China, were investigated with living observation and protargol staining. Our population is similar to the original population in living characteristics and ciliary patterns. The main determinable morphogenetic features of P. longicirrata nov. comb. are the presence of five frontoventral-transverse cirral anlagen (FVT-anlagen) and a dorsomarginal kinety anlage. According to the origin of FVT-anlagen IV and V in proter, it can be determined that P. longicirrata nov. comb. possesses two frontoventral rows and one right marginal row. Hence, a new genus, Pseudosincirra nov. gen., is proposed, and the diagnosis of P. longicirrata nov. comb. is improved. The new genus is diagnosed as follows: adoral zone of membranelles and undulating membranes is in a Gonostomum pattern; there are three enlarged frontal cirri, one buccal cirrus, and one parabuccal cirrus; postperistomial cirrus and transverse cirri are lacking; there are two more or less long frontoventral rows and one right and two or more left marginal rows; cirri within all rows very widely spaced; dorsal kinety pattern is of Urosomoida type, that is, three dorsal kineties and one dorsomarginal kinety; and caudal cirri are present. Phylogenetic analyses based on the small subunit ribosomal (SSU rDNA) sequence data indicate that P. longicirrata nov. comb. clusters with Deviata and Perisincirra. It is considered that Pseudosincirra nov. gen. and Perisincirra paucicirrata should be assigned to the family Deviatidae; fine cirri, and cirri within all rows being relatively widely spaced, should be considered as plesiomorphies of Deviatidae; and Deviatidae is closely related to Dorsomarginalia or Strongylidium–Hemiamphisiella–Pseudouroleptus.

Morphology and morphogenesis of a soil ciliate, Rigidohymena candens (Kahl, 1932) Berger, 2011 (Ciliophora, Hypotricha, Oxytrichidae), with notes on its molecular phylogeny based on small-subunit rDNA sequence data

2013 ◽  
Vol 63 (Pt_5) ◽  
pp. 1912-1921 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xumiao Chen ◽  
Ying Yan ◽  
Xiaozhong Hu ◽  
Mingzhuang Zhu ◽  
Honggang Ma ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Sequence Data ◽  
Phylogenetic Analyses ◽  
Morphological Characters ◽  
Small Subunit ◽  
Systematic Position ◽  
Rdna Sequence ◽  
Garden Soil ◽  
Small Subunit Rdna ◽  
Rdna Sequence Data ◽  
Soil Ciliate

The morphology and morphogenesis of the stylonychine hypotrich Rigidohymena candens (Kahl, 1932) Berger, 2011, isolated from garden soil in Qingdao, China, were investigated using live observation and protargol impregnation methods. The Qingdao isolate possesses all diagnostic morphological characters of R. candens. The main events during binary fission are as follows: (i) the proter retains the parental adoral zone of membranelles entirely, whereas the old undulating membranes dedifferentiate into an anlage that gives rise to the leftmost frontal cirrus and the new undulating membranes of the proter; (ii) five streaks of fronto-ventral-transverse cirral anlagen are segmented in the pattern 3 : 3 : 3 : 4 : 4 from left to right, which form two frontal, four frontoventral, one buccal, five ventral and five transverse cirri, respectively; (iii) dorsal morphogenesis is in the typical Oxytricha pattern; (iv) three caudal cirri are formed, one at the posterior end of each of dorsal kineties 1, 2 and 4; and (v) the postoral ventral cirrus V/3 is not involved in primordia formation. The morphological and morphogenetic observations and phylogenetic analyses based on the small-subunit rDNA sequence data support the validity of Rigidohymena Berger, 2011 and its systematic position in the subfamily Stylonychinae.

Tamhinispora saraburiensis sp. nov. (Tubeufiaceae, Dothideomycetes) on bamboo in Thailand based on morphology & phylogenetic analysis

Phytotaxa ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 402 (1) ◽  
pp. 1 ◽  
Author(s):  
SUJINDA SOMMAI ◽  
SALILAPORN NUANKAEW ◽  
PHONGSWAT KHAMSUNTORN ◽  
SATINEE SUETRONG ◽  
UMPAWA PINRUAN
Keyword(s):  
Phylogenetic Analysis ◽  
Sequence Data ◽  
Phylogenetic Analyses ◽  
Molecular Data ◽  
Rdna Sequence ◽  
Lsu Rdna ◽  
The Family ◽  
Rdna Sequence Data

Tamhinispora saraburiensis sp. nov. was collected on decaying culms of bamboo in Saraburi Province, Thailand. Tamhinispora saraburiensis is characterized as dark brown to black, obpyriform, and dictyoseptate and has conidia with long appendages arising from the conidial tip. Phylogenetic analyses of the combined ITS and LSU rDNA sequence data demonstrated that this species formed distinctly from other species and that it belongs in the family Tubeufiaceae. Tamhinispora saraburiensis is therefore introduced here with a description, morphological illustrations and molecular data. A key to the species of Tamhinispora is provided.

Taxonomy and molecular phylogeny of four karyorelictid species belonging to the genera Apotrachelocerca and Tracheloraphis (Protozoa: Ciliophora), with descriptions of two new species

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mingzhen Ma ◽  
Yuan Xu ◽  
Ying Yan ◽  
Yuqing Li ◽  
Alan Warren ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
New Species ◽  
Sequence Data ◽  
Phylogenetic Analyses ◽  
Ssu Rdna ◽  
Rdna Sequence ◽  
Cortical Granules ◽  
Shape Distribution ◽  
Marine Habitats ◽  
Rdna Sequence Data ◽  
Protozoa Ciliophora

Abstract The taxonomy and phylogeny of four trachelocercid ciliates, Apotrachelocerca orientalis sp. nov., Tracheloraphis apoligostriata sp. nov., T. oligostriata and T. prenanti, isolated from marine habitats in Qingdao, China, were studied. The new species, A. orientalis sp. nov., can be distinguished from its most closely related congener, A. arenicola, by the absence of cortical granules and its conspicuously different SSU rDNA sequence. Tracheloraphis apoligostriata sp. nov. differs from the similar T. oligostriata by its body shape, distribution pattern of the cortical granules and SSU rDNA sequence. Based on available data, we suggest that T. prenanti can be defined by its colourless, globular cortical granules, which indicates that this species should be removed from the T. phoenicopterus-complex. Phylogenetic analyses based on SSU rDNA sequence data indicates that: A. orientalis sp. nov. groups with A. arenicola with full support, together sister to all other trachelocercid species; and T. cf. phoenicopterus, T. prenanti, T. oligostriata and T. apoligostriata sp. nov. form a clearly outlined clade.

Phylogenetic analyses of various euglenoid taxa (euglenozoa) based on 18s rdna sequence data

2000 ◽  
Vol 36 (1) ◽  
pp. 220-226 ◽  
Author(s):  
Angelika Preisfeld ◽  
Silke Berger ◽  
Ingo Busse ◽  
Susanne Liller ◽  
Hans Georg Ruppel
Keyword(s):  
18S Rdna ◽  
Sequence Data ◽  
Phylogenetic Analyses ◽  
Rdna Sequence ◽  
Rdna Sequence Data ◽  
18S Rdna Sequence
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