scholarly journals From a Long-distance Threat to the Invasion Front: Invasive Aedes Mosquito Species in Belgium Between 2007 and 2020

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Isra Deblauwe ◽  
Katrien De Wolf ◽  
Jacobus De Witte ◽  
Anna Schneider ◽  
Ingrid Verlé ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Aedes Albopictus ◽  
Mosquito Species ◽  
Aedes Mosquito ◽  
Long Distance ◽  
Invasion Front ◽  
Management Actions ◽  
Invasive Mosquito ◽  
And Control ◽  
Control Management

Abstract Background: Invasive mosquito species (IMS) and their associated mosquito-borne diseases are emerging in Europe. In Belgium, the first detection of Aedes albopictus occurred in 2000 and of Aedes japonicus in 2002. Early detection and control of these IMS at points of entry (PoE’s) are of paramount importance to slow down any possible establishment. This paper gives an account of the IMS surveillance in Belgium between 2007 and 2020 and reviews the introductions and establishments recorded in that period.Methods: In total 52 PoE’s were monitored at least once for the presence of IMS between 2007 and 2020. These included used tyre and lucky bamboo import companies, airports, ports, parking lots along highways, shelters for imported cutting plants, wholesale markets, industrial areas, recycling areas, and cemeteries and an allotment garden at the country border with colonised areas. In general, monitoring was performed between April and November. Mosquitoes were captured with adult and oviposition traps, as well as by larval sampling. A logistic regression was performed to investigate the percentage of positive PoE’s for Ae. albopictus over the years. Results: Aedes albopictus has been detected at ten PoE’s, Ae. japonicus at three PoE’s and Aedes koreicus at two PoE’s. The latter two species have established overwintering populations. The percentage of PoE’s positive for Ae. albopictus increased significantly over time. Aedes albopictus is currently entering Belgium through lucky bamboo trade, used tyre trade and passive ground transport, while Ae. japonicus only through the latter two pathways. In Belgium, the import through passive ground transport was first recorded in 2018 and its importance seems to grow.Conclusion: Belgium is currently at the invasion front of Ae. albopictus and Ae. japonicus. The surveillance and control management actions at well-known PoE‘s associated to long-distance introductions are more straightforward than at less-defined PoE’s associated with short-distance introductions from colonised areas. These latter PoE’s represent a new challenge for IMS management in Belgium in the coming years and stresses the urgence of implementing a sustainable, structured and long-term IMS management programme, integrating active and passive surveillance and control.

Preliminary Report of the Insecticide Susceptibility Status of Aedes Albopictus in Bangladesh

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hasan Mohammad Al-Amin ◽  
Seth Irish ◽  
Audrey Lenhart ◽  
Mohammad Shafiul Alam
Keyword(s):  
Vector Control ◽  
Aedes Albopictus ◽  
Control Strategies ◽  
Mosquito Species ◽  
Routine Monitoring ◽  
Invasive Mosquito ◽  
Arboviral Diseases ◽  
And Control ◽  
Effective Drugs ◽  
Susceptibility Status

Aedes albopictus is a highly invasive mosquito species and a vector of human arboviral diseases including dengue, chikungunya, and Zika. There are no effective drugs or vaccines for the treatment or prevention of most of these diseases, so the primary option for disease prevention and control is to target mosquitoes, often using insecticides. Despite vector control efforts, cases of arboviral diseases are increasing in Bangladesh and it is important to understand if this escalation is associated with the presence of insecticide resistance in Aedes populations, including Ae. albopictus. The CDC bottle bioassays performed on Ae. albopictus from two districts in Bangladesh detected resistance to permethrin but susceptibility to deltamethrin, malathion, and bendiocarb. The detection of permethrin resistance is worrisome, since arbovirus vector control strategies in Bangladesh currently include the use of permethrin. Routine monitoring of the susceptibility status of key vector populations in Bangladesh will allow a better understanding of resistance trends, enabling the strengthening of control strategies.

scholarly journals Effects of Color and Perforated Lid on Ovitrap Preference of Aedes aegypti and Aedes albopictus

2020 ◽  
Vol 36 (4) ◽  
pp. 240-244
Author(s):  
Takashi Tsunoda ◽  
Dung Thi Nguyen ◽  
Trang Vi Quynh
Keyword(s):  
Aedes Aegypti ◽  
Aedes Albopictus ◽  
Mosquito Species ◽  
Oviposition Preference ◽  
Sampling Efficiency ◽  
Aedes Mosquito ◽  
Mosquito Surveillance ◽  
And Control

ABSTRACT The shape and color of an ovitrap affect the sampling efficiency of mosquitoes. We examined the effect of perforated lids of different colored cups on the preference of Aedes aegypti and Ae. albopictus for oviposition containers. The mosquito species were collected from Tuy Hoa City, Phu Yen Province, Vietnam in April 2016. Females of both species laid eggs in cups without a lid in the order of black, red, and green. However, the number of eggs laid by both species was not different between the black cups with a perforated lid and those without a lid. Aedes aegypti females laid more eggs in red cups with a perforated lid than cups without a lid. Green cups with a perforated lid were not preferred by Ae. aegypti and Ae. albopictus. Our results showed that the effect of perforated lids on oviposition preference was dependent on cup color and that it differed between the mosquito species. Out study provides valuable insights for the development of more effective ovitraps for Aedes mosquito surveillance and control.

scholarly journals Effects of Selection to Diflubenzuron and Bacillus thuringiensis Var. Israelensis on the Overwintering Successes of Aedes albopictus (Diptera: Culicidae)

Insects ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (9) ◽  
pp. 822
Author(s):  
Charalampos S. Ioannou ◽  
Christos Hadjichristodoulou ◽  
Varvara A. Mouchtouri ◽  
Nikos T. Papadopoulos
Keyword(s):  
Bacillus Thuringiensis ◽  
Aedes Albopictus ◽  
Selection Process ◽  
Mosquito Species ◽  
Fold Increase ◽  
Development Of Resistance ◽  
Control Programmes ◽  
Invasive Mosquito ◽  
In The Wild ◽  
Successive Generations

Aedes albopictus is an invasive mosquito species responsible for local transmission of chikungunya and dengue viruses in Europe. In the absence of available treatments, insecticides-based control remains one of the most important viable strategies to prevent emerging problems. Diflubenzuron (DFB) and Bacillus thuringiensis var. israelensis (Bti) are among the most commonly used larvicides for Ae. albopictus control with consequent concerns for the potential development of resistance. Studies on the resistance emergence in Ae. albopictus and its persistence in the wild to both DFB and Bti are essential for the efficient and sustainable planning of the control programmes. In this context, larvae from a recently laboratory established population were subjected to increasing selective pressure for nine successive generations using both DFB and Bti. The resistance levels and the overwintering success of the selected populations relative to control (colonies that received no selection) were determined. Results revealed an 8.5- and 1.6-fold increase on the resistance levels following selection with DFB and Bti, respectively. The selection process to both larvicides had no apparent impacts on the overwintering capability relative to control, suggesting the successful persistence of the selected individuals in the wild on an annual base.

Practical management plan for invasive mosquito species in Europe: I. Asian tiger mosquito (Aedes albopictus)

2020 ◽  
Vol 35 ◽  
pp. 101691 ◽  
Author(s):  
Romeo Bellini ◽  
Antonios Michaelakis ◽  
Dušan Petrić ◽  
Francis Schaffner ◽  
Bulent Alten ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Aedes Albopictus ◽  
Mosquito Species ◽  
Management Plan ◽  
Asian Tiger Mosquito ◽  
Invasive Mosquito Species ◽  
Practical Management ◽  
Asian Tiger ◽  
Invasive Mosquito ◽  
Tiger Mosquito

scholarly journals A LAMP-based colorimetric assay to expedite field surveillance of the invasive mosquito species Aedes aegypti and Aedes albopictus

2020 ◽  
Vol 14 (3) ◽  
pp. e0008130 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bixing Huang ◽  
Brian L. Montgomery ◽  
Rebecca Adamczyk ◽  
Gerhard Ehlers ◽  
Andrew F. van den Hurk ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Aedes Aegypti ◽  
Aedes Albopictus ◽  
Colorimetric Assay ◽  
Mosquito Species ◽  
Invasive Mosquito Species ◽  
Invasive Mosquito

Detection of the invasive mosquito species Aedes albopictus in southern England

2017 ◽  
Vol 17 (2) ◽  
pp. 140 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jolyon M Medlock ◽  
Alexander GC Vaux ◽  
Benjamin Cull ◽  
Francis Schaffner ◽  
Emma Gillingham ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Aedes Albopictus ◽  
Mosquito Species ◽  
Southern England ◽  
Invasive Mosquito Species ◽  
Invasive Mosquito

scholarly journals The First Record of the Invasive Mosquito Species Aedes Albopictus in Chisinau, Republic of Moldova, 2020

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tatiana Sulesco ◽  
Galina Busmachiu ◽  
Unchana Lange ◽  
Jonas Schmidt-Chanasit ◽  
Renke Lühken
Keyword(s):  
Aedes Albopictus ◽  
Mosquito Species ◽  
First Record ◽  
Border Crossing ◽  
Molecular Barcoding ◽  
Republic Of Moldova ◽  
International Airport ◽  
Action Project ◽  
Invasive Mosquito ◽  
The Republic

Abstract BackgroundIn Europe, Ae. albopictus is an important vector of chikungunya virus, Dirofilaria nematodes and was involved in local autochthonous circulation of dengue virus and Zika virus. Due to the ongoing spread, a targeted field surveillance at potential points-of-entries for Aedes invasive mosquitoes was initiated for the Republic of Moldova in 2020 as part of the transboundary “Aedes Invasive Mosquito COST Action project”. MethodsIn 2020, ovitraps were positioned at each of three locations: the border crossing to Romania in Leuseni (Hancesti region), Chisinau International Airport and Chisinau Botanical Garden.ResultsA total of 188 Aedes spp. eggs were collected at the Chisinau International Airport between August and September 2020. Twenty-three adults reared in the laboratory were identified morphologically as Aedes albopictus (Skuse, 1895) and twelve selected specimens were confirmed by molecular barcoding of the cytochrome oxidase subunit I gene region. In addition, one adult female of Ae. albopictus was caught at the same site with a manual aspirator from a human.ConclusionsThis is the first documented report of Ae. albopictus in the Republic of Moldova. The presence of immature and adult stages indicates the local reproduction of the species in the country. Therefore, it is crucial to extend and strengthen surveillance of the invasive Aedes mosquitoes to prevent Ae. albopictus and other exotic mosquito species from establishing in the Republic of Moldova.

scholarly journals Anthropogenic river fragmentation reduces long-term viability of the migratory fish Salminus brasiliensis (Characiformes: Bryconidae) populations

2021 ◽  
Vol 19 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Josiane Ribolli ◽  
Evoy Zaniboni-Filho ◽  
Carolina Barros Machado ◽  
Tailise Carolina de Souza Guerreiro ◽  
Patrícia Domingues de Freitas ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Diversity ◽  
Anthropogenic Impacts ◽  
Species Conservation ◽  
Migratory Fish ◽  
Effective Population ◽  
Long Distance ◽  
Management Actions ◽  
Population Structure Analysis ◽  
Salminus Brasiliensis

Abstract Life-history, geographical barriers, and damming can shape the genetic diversity of freshwater migratory fish, which are particularly vulnerable to anthropogenic impacts. We investigated the genetic diversity of Salminus brasiliensis, a long-distance migratory species that is recognized as an important provider of ecosystem services. We implemented microsatellite analyses to assess genetic diversity and simulate future scenarios for evaluating the long-term viability of dammed and non-dammed populations from the Uruguay River. High levels of genetic diversity were detected for all sampled populations. However, effective population sizes were lower in the uppermost river stretches, where the landscape is highly fragmented. Population structure analysis indicated two spatial genetic populations. It is suggested that this genetic structure preserves populations partially isolated by an ancient natural barrier, instead of being a result of the presence of dams. The simulated genetic scenarios indicated that genetic variability of S. brasiliensis populations from upstream dams could collapse over the years, mainly due to the reduction in the number of alleles. Therefore, besides helping to better understand issues related to the influence of dams on the genetic diversity of migratory fish, our results are especially relevant for driving local fishery policies and management actions for the species conservation.

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