scholarly journals Functional Stability: An Experimental Knee Joint Cadaveric Study on Collateral Ligaments Tension

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bernardo Innocenti ◽  
Edoardo Bori ◽  
Thomas Paszicsnyek
Keyword(s):  
Cruciate Ligament ◽  
Experimental Studies ◽  
Displacement Curve ◽  
Functional Stability ◽  
Joint Stability ◽  
Slope Change ◽  
Constant Displacement ◽  
Total Knee ◽  
Anterior Cruciate ◽  
Knee Arthroplasty Surgery

Abstract Introduction Applying proper tension to ligaments during Total-Knee-Arthroplasty surgery is fundamental for optimal implant performance: low tensions lead to joint instability, over-tensioning to pain and stiffness. “Functional stability” must then be defined and achieved. An experimental cadaveric activity was performed to measure the minimum tension required to achieve this stability. Methods Ten knee specimens were investigated; femur and tibia were clamped to a loading-frame; constant displacement rate was applied and resulting tension force was measured. Joint stability was determined as the slope change in the force/displacement curve, representing the ligaments’ elastic-region activation; the tension required to reach functional stability is the span between ligaments toe-region and this point. Intact, ACL(Anterior-Cruciate-Ligament)-resected and ACL&PCL(Posterior-Cruciate-Ligament)-resected knees were tested. Different flexion angles were tested. Results Results demonstrated an overall tension of 40-50N to be enough to reach stability in intact knees. Similar values are sufficient in ACL-resected knees; higher tension is required (up to 60N) after ACL&PCL resection; slightly higher values were found for 60° flexion. Results agree with other experimental studies, showing that the tensions required to stabilize the joint are lower than the ones currently applied via surgical tensioners. Conclusion To reach functional stability, surgeons should consider such results intraoperatively to avoid ligament laxity or over-tensioning.

scholarly journals Circulating IL-10 is compromised in patients predisposed to developing and in patients with severe knee osteoarthritis

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Tyler Barker ◽  
Victoria E. Rogers ◽  
Vanessa T. Henriksen ◽  
Roy H. Trawick ◽  
Nathan G. Momberger ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Knee Osteoarthritis ◽  
Cruciate Ligament ◽  
Ligamentous Injury ◽  
Radiographic Evidence ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Tnf Α ◽  
Total Knee ◽  
Anterior Cruciate ◽  
Anterior Cruciate Ligament Surgery ◽  
Necrosis Factor

AbstractThe purpose of this investigation was to identify if serum interleukin (IL)-10 and tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α concentrations and their ratio (IL-10/TNF-α) are altered in subjects predisposed to developing knee osteoarthritis following ligamentous injury and in those with severe knee osteoarthritis. Serum IL-10 and TNF-α concentrations were measured in four groups of subjects (n = 218): (1) reportedly-healthy and non-injured control subjects (CON; n = 92), (2) subjects scheduled to undergo anterior cruciate ligament surgery (ACL; n = 42), (3) non-surgical subjects with knee osteoarthritis (OA; n = 60), and (4) subjects with knee osteoarthritis scheduled to undergo total knee arthroplasty (TKA; n = 24). X-ray images were used to grade the severity of knee osteoarthritis. Serum IL-10 and the serum IL-10/TNF-α ratio were significantly lower while serum TNF-α was not significantly perturbed with severe compared to moderate knee osteoarthritis (i.e., Kellgren-Lawrence grade 4 vs. 3, respectively). Serum IL-10 was significantly lower in the absence of serum TNF-α alterations in the ACL group. We conclude that serum IL-10 concentrations are compromised in subjects predisposed to developing knee osteoarthritis following ligamentous trauma and in subjects with radiographic evidence of severe knee osteoarthritis.

Effects of Sterilization Techniques and Culture Time on the Creep of Collagenous Ligament Analogues

2002 ◽  
Author(s):  
Darryl A. Dickerson ◽  
Kay C. Dee ◽  
Glen A. Livesay
Keyword(s):  
Cruciate Ligament ◽  
Donor Site ◽  
Critical Role ◽  
The United States ◽  
Donor Site Morbidity ◽  
Joint Stability ◽  
Acl Injuries ◽  
Anterior Cruciate ◽  
Active Patients

Every year, approximately 200,000 anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) injuries occur in the United States; of these cases, 60,000–75,000 patients undergo ACL reconstruction [1]. The ACL plays a critical role in knee stability; however, it possesses little inherent capacity for healing. Although reconstruction is often used in active patients, issues such as donor site morbidity and long term joint stability have motivated interest in tissue-engineered ligament analogues.

Traumatic Anterior Cruciate Ligament Tear and Its Implications on Meniscal Degradation: A Preliminary Novel Lapine Osteoarthritis Model

2009 ◽  
Author(s):  
Megan L. Killian ◽  
Dan Isaac ◽  
Roger C. Haut ◽  
Loic M. Dejardin ◽  
Darin Leetun ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Complex Dynamics ◽  
Cruciate Ligament ◽  
Experimental Studies ◽  
Acute Injury ◽  
Anterior Cruciate Ligament Tear ◽  
Meniscal Tears ◽  
Ligament Tear ◽  
Anterior Cruciate ◽  
Meniscal Damage ◽  
Acl Transection

The meniscus plays a crucial role in the dynamics of the knee. Damage to the meniscus can influence proprioception, stability, and mobility of the knee [1]. Risk factors of meniscal tears include prolonged or repeated deep knee bending, obesity, and sporting injuries [2]. Acute injury, as seen in alpine sports, involves complex dynamics which can damage singular or multiple tissue structures of the knee [2]. It is not uncommon for meniscal injuries to occur in conjunction with ACL lesions, and the loading imbalance that results in ACL lesions may also initiate meniscal tears [3, 4]. Investigations of meniscal tears following ACL rupture have indicated chronic damage to medial menisci more so than lateral menisci [5]. However, experimental studies of acute damage following ACL transection are not consistent, with some showing more lateral damage acutely and some showing equality between medial and lateral meniscal damage [5].

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