scholarly journals The Influence of Prolonged High Altitude Deployment on Psychomotor Functions Among Chinese Military Plateau Motor Vehicle Operators: Does Deployment Duration Matter?

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zhi-hao Tu ◽  
Li Peng ◽  
Jing-wen He ◽  
Xing-hua Shen
Keyword(s):  
Reaction Time ◽  
High Altitude ◽  
Simple Reaction Time ◽  
Bimanual Coordination ◽  
Motor Vehicle ◽  
Fine Motor ◽  
Coordination Test ◽  
Psychomotor Functions ◽  
Chinese Military ◽  
Motor Dexterity

Abstract Background:Psychomotor functions are necessary for Chinese military plateau motor vehicle operators (PMVOs) to complete their driving tasks. This study aimed to investigate (1) the influence of chronic exposure to high altitude (HA) on psychomotor functions among PMVOs; (2) whether deployment duration at HA moderated the effect of HA.Methods: 196 male PMVOs in Golmud (average altitude: 2,890 m) and 192 male lowland motor vehicle operators (LMVOs) were recruited as the studygroup (HA group) and control group (LA group). Both groups were in turn categorized into 3 groups by deployment duration: Group A (less than 1 year), Group B (between 1 year and 2 years), and Group C (more than 2 years). All participants completed simple reaction time, bimanual coordination test, fine motor dexterity test, and eye-hand coordination test. Between-altitude and deployment duration differences were explored usinganalysis of variance (ANOVA).Results: HA group participants had slower simple reaction time in comparison to LA group (F(1, 387) = 18.041, p< 0.001, ηp2 = 0.045).HA group needed less time to complete the bimanual coordination test (F(1, 387) = 2295.648, p< 0.001, ηp2 = 0.857). HA group had more error times in fine motor dexterity test (F(1, 387) = 5.980, p = 0.015, ηp2 = 0.015). HA group participants had better left aim index (F(1, 387) = 13.205, p< 0.001, ηp2 = 0.033) and more right hits (F(1, 387) = 3.916, p = 0.049, ηp2 = 0.010) in aiming test. The interaction effect of altitude and duration was significant on hit number with left hand in the tapping test (F(2, 387) = 3.327, p = 0.037, ηp2 = 0.017). Butsimple effect analysis showed that the effect of duration was not significant among HA group (p = 0.129).Conclusions: In this study, we found that prolonged exposure to HA may cause psychomotor slowing and declining fine motor dexterity. But, the moderating effect of deployment duration was not supported by this study.

scholarly journals Psychomotor Abilities of Professional Handball Players

2019 ◽  
Vol 16 (11) ◽  
pp. 1909 ◽  
Author(s):  
Krzysztof Przednowek ◽  
Maciej Śliż ◽  
Justyna Lenik ◽  
Bartosz Dziadek ◽  
Stanisław Cieszkowski ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Reaction Time ◽  
Simple Reaction Time ◽  
Movement Time ◽  
Reaction Times ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Dominant Hand ◽  
Coordination Test ◽  
Hand Eye Coordination ◽  
Time Test ◽  
Reaction Time Test

The main purpose of the paper was to evaluate selected psychomotor abilities of handball players depending on the competition class (league), position on the court, training seniority and the dominant hand. The study covered a group of 40 handball players (age: 24.02 ± 3.99), while 50 non-training men (age: 22.90 ± 1.13) formed the control group. Studies were performed using Test2Drive computer tests. The following four tests were used for measuring psychomotor fitness: simple reaction time test, choice reaction time test, hand-eye coordination test and spatial anticipation test. An analysis revealed that handball players had better reaction times and movement times than the control group. The league, position on the court, training seniority and the dominant upper limb were analysed for their impact on the reaction time and movement time in handball players. An analysis of psychomotor abilities of handball players with regard to the league revealed that in the majority of tests the Superliga players had a shorter reaction time than players in lower leagues.

Reaction Time and Fine Motor Dexterity in Adults With Intellectual Disabilities

2017 ◽  
Vol 71 (4_Supplement_1) ◽  
pp. 7111500043p1
Author(s):  
Phil Esposito ◽  
Whitney Cole ◽  
Brianna Giovinazzo ◽  
Lunden Owens
Keyword(s):  
Reaction Time ◽  
Intellectual Disabilities ◽  
Fine Motor ◽  
Motor Dexterity ◽  
Adults With Intellectual Disabilities

A clinical method of evaluating simple reaction time and reaction accuracy is sensitive to a single dose of lorazepam

2020 ◽  
Vol 34 (8) ◽  
pp. 920-925
Author(s):  
James K Richardson ◽  
James T Eckner ◽  
Hogene Kim ◽  
James A Ashton-Miller
Keyword(s):  
Single Dose ◽  
Reaction Time ◽  
Simple Reaction Time ◽  
Motor Vehicle ◽  
Time Variability ◽  
Reaction Time Variability ◽  
Cognitive Changes ◽  
Double Blind ◽  
Clinical Method ◽  
Simple Reaction

Rationale: Benzodiazepines are useful and commonly prescribed. Unfortunately, they are associated with subtle but functionally significant neurocognitive side effects that increase the risk of motor vehicle accidents and falls. Objective: The objective of this study was to determine whether clinically feasible measures of simple reaction time and reaction accuracy are sensitive to a single dose of lorazepam. Methods: Using a randomized, double-blind, crossover design, 26 healthy adults (13 women; age = 26.9 ± 8.2 yr) were given 1.0 mg lorazepam or placebo 90 minutes prior to two data collection sessions. Participants completed simple and reaction accuracy tasks using a standardized “ruler drop” testing paradigm during each session. Outcomes were mean and variability of simple reaction time and reaction accuracy, which evaluates a participant’s ability to catch the device solely on the random 50% of trials that lights affixed to it illuminate on release. Reaction accuracy requires a go/no-go decision within 420 ms before the falling device strikes the floor. Results: As compared with placebo, lorazepam increased simple reaction time variability (range = 43 ± 18 vs. 60 ± 23 ms, respectively; p = 0.004 and standard deviation = 14.6 ± 5.7 vs. 19.7 ± 7.3 ms, respectively; = 0.006) and decreased reaction accuracy (90 ± 7% vs. 84 ± 11%, respectively; p = 0.010). Conclusion: Given prior work demonstrating associations between simple reaction time and reaction accuracy and functional outcomes such as self-protection, response to perturbations, and fall risk, these clinically available measures may have a role in identifying subtle, functionally significant cognitive changes related to short-term benzodiazepine use.

scholarly journals Manipulations of the Response-Stimulus Intervals as a Factor Inducing Controlled Amount of Reaction Time Intra-Individual Variability

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (5) ◽  
pp. 669
Author(s):  
Paweł Krukow ◽  
Małgorzata Plechawska-Wójcik ◽  
Arkadiusz Podkowiński
Keyword(s):  
Reaction Time ◽  
Simple Reaction Time ◽  
Reaction Times ◽  
Reaction Time Task ◽  
Assessment Method ◽  
Individual Variability ◽  
Simple Reaction Time Task ◽  
Stimulus Interval ◽  
Simple Reaction ◽  
Response Stimulus

Aggrandized fluctuations in the series of reaction times (RTs) are a very sensitive marker of neurocognitive disorders present in neuropsychiatric populations, pathological ageing and in patients with acquired brain injury. Even though it was documented that processing inconsistency founds a background of higher-order cognitive functions disturbances, there is a vast heterogeneity regarding types of task used to compute RT-related variability, which impedes determining the relationship between elementary and more complex cognitive processes. Considering the above, our goal was to develop a relatively new assessment method based on a simple reaction time paradigm, conducive to eliciting a controlled range of intra-individual variability. It was hypothesized that performance variability might be induced by manipulation of response-stimulus interval’s length and regularity. In order to verify this hypothesis, a group of 107 healthy students was tested using a series of digitalized tasks and their results were analyzed using parametric and ex-Gaussian statistics of RTs distributional markers. In general, these analyses proved that intra-individual variability might be evoked by a given type of response-stimulus interval manipulation even when it is applied to the simple reaction time task. Collected outcomes were discussed with reference to neuroscientific concepts of attentional resources and functional neural networks.

Timing of expectancy peak in simple reaction time situation

1974 ◽  
Vol 38 (6) ◽  
pp. 461-470 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. Näätänen ◽  
V. Muranen ◽  
A. Merisalo
Keyword(s):  
Reaction Time ◽  
Simple Reaction Time ◽  
Simple Reaction

Interhemispheric pathways in simple reaction time to lateralized light flash

1982 ◽  
Vol 20 (2) ◽  
pp. 171-179 ◽  
Author(s):  
A.David Milner ◽  
Christopher R. Lines
Keyword(s):  
Reaction Time ◽  
Simple Reaction Time ◽  
Light Flash ◽  
Simple Reaction

Reaction time and spinal excitability in a simple reaction time task

1976 ◽  
Vol 16 (3) ◽  
pp. 311-315 ◽  
Author(s):  
Patricia T. Michie ◽  
Alex M. Clarke ◽  
John D. Sinden ◽  
Leonard C.T. Glue
Keyword(s):  
Reaction Time ◽  
Simple Reaction Time ◽  
Reaction Time Task ◽  
Simple Reaction Time Task ◽  
Simple Reaction ◽  
Time Task ◽  
Spinal Excitability

Postural Preparation to Making a Step: Is There a “Motor Program” for Postural Preparation?

2007 ◽  
Vol 23 (4) ◽  
pp. 261-274 ◽  
Author(s):  
Adriana M. Degani ◽  
Alessander Danna-Dos-Santos ◽  
Mark L. Latash
Keyword(s):  
Reaction Time ◽  
Simple Reaction Time ◽  
Center Of Pressure ◽  
Motor Program ◽  
Whole Body ◽  
Single Motor ◽  
Simple Reaction ◽  
Specific Manner ◽  
Young Subjects ◽  
Straight Ahead

We tested the hypothesis that a sequence of mechanical events occurs preceding a step that scales in time and magnitude as a whole in a task-specific manner, and is a reflection of a “motor program.” Young subjects made a step under three speed instructions and four tasks: stepping straight ahead, down a stair, up a stair, and over an obstacle. Larger center-of-pressure (COP) and force adjustments in the anteriorposterior direction and smaller COP and force adjustments in the mediolateral direction were seen during stepping forward and down a stair, as compared with the tasks of stepping up a stair and over an obstacle. These differences were accentuated during stepping under the simple reaction time instruction. These results speak against the hypothesis of a single motor program that would underlie postural preparation to stepping. They are more compatible with the reference configuration hypothesis of whole-body actions.

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