Distance Visual Acuity Versus Near Visual Acuity in Amblyopia.

Abstract Purpose: To measure and compare distance and near visual acuity in amblyopic patients.Methods: This study was evaluated 167 patients with amblyopia between ages of 6 and 55 years. In all subjects, a comprehensive ophthalmic examination including visual acuity, refraction, slit lamp biomicroscopy, and funduscopy was performed. Distance visual acuity (DVA) was measured by Snellen chart at 4 m and near visual acuity (NVA) was measured by Snellen chart at 40 cm, and then DVA and NVA were compered and analyzed.Results:In our subjects, the mean distance and near visual acuity was 0.39± 0.30 log MAR and 0.30± 0.32 log MAR respectively. The mean NVA was 0.12±0.12 log MAR better than DVA and difference between them was statistically significant (P<0.001). In 40% of patients, there were no difference between DVA and NVA, and in 60% of them, NVA was 0.1 or more log MAR better than DVA. The difference between DVA and NVA was not significantly related with age (p=0.225), spherical equivalent (P=.820) and strabismus (P=.336) and type of amblyopia (P=.405). Although all of these subjects had subnormal DVA, but 43 subjects (26%) had normal NVA. In mild and moderate amblyopic groups, difference between DVA and NVA was 0.14±0.10 log MAR and 0.15±0.14 log MAR respectively, but in severe amblyopic group it was 0.03±0.08 log MAR. The difference between DVA and NVA showed a significant relation with severity of amblyopia (P<0.001). The difference between DVA and NVA was 0.16±0.11 log MAR in patients with history of amblyopia therapy and 0.07.± 0.11 log MAR in patients without treatment. This difference was statistically significant (P<0.001).Conclusion: Our results showed that near visual acuity in amblyopia especially in mild to moderate types was significantly better than distance visual acuity. More than 50% of subjects with mild amblyopia had normal near visual acuity. The difference between DVA and NVA showed no relation with age, spherical equivalent, strabismus, and type of amblyopia. Also, difference between the DVA and NVA in patients with history of amblyopia therapy was better than of it in non-treated subjects.

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Outcomes of a 320-degree intrastromal corneal ring segment implantation for keratoconus: Results of a 6-month follow-up

European Journal of Ophthalmology ◽

10.1177/1120672118818018 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 30 (1) ◽

pp. 139-146 ◽

Cited By ~ 3

Author(s):

Guilherme Andrade do Nascimento Rocha ◽

Paulo Ferrara de Almeida Cunha ◽

Leonardo Torquetti Costa ◽

Luciene Barbosa de Sousa

Keyword(s):

Visual Acuity ◽

Spherical Equivalent ◽

Distance Visual Acuity ◽

Uncorrected Distance Visual Acuity ◽

Intrastromal Corneal Ring ◽

Corrected Distance Visual Acuity ◽

Ring Segment ◽

The Mean ◽

Corneal Tomography

Importance: This study shows that a newer long-arc length intrastromal corneal ring segment is efficient and safe for keratoconus treatment. Background: To evaluate visual, tomographic results and complications of a 320-degree intrastromal corneal ring segment implantation with the femtosecond laser for keratoconus treatment. Design: A prospective, nonrandomized, and interventional study. Participants: A total of 34 eyes of 31 patients diagnosed with keratoconus were enrolled. Methods: Patients were divided into two groups based on the strategy used for 320-degree intrastromal corneal ring segment thickness selection. In one group, this selection was based on spherical equivalent (SE group) and in the other on the mean asphericity (Q group). The uncorrected and corrected distance visual acuities, spherical equivalent, K1, K2, Km, Kmax, and mean asphericity ( Q) on corneal tomography were evaluated preoperatively and at 3 and 6 months postoperatively. For astigmatism improvement, we analyzed the corneal tomographic vectorial astigmatism change preoperatively and at 6 months postoperatively. The mean follow-up period was 6.63 ± 0.96 months. Results: The mean uncorrected distance visual acuity and corrected distance visual acuity improved with a significant spherical equivalent improvement ( p < 0.05), with no differences between the 320-degree intrastromal corneal ring segment groups. All corneal tomographic parameters improved significantly ( p < 0.05) between the preoperative and postoperative intervals, with a significant better performance when we used spherical equivalent for the 320-degree intrastromal corneal ring segment thickness selection. Finally, the mean vectorial corneal tomographic astigmatism significantly improved after 6 months, again with no differences between groups. Conclusion: This study suggests that implanting a 320-degree intrastromal corneal ring segment is a safe and effective procedure for treating patients with keratoconus. It also suggests that for thickness selection spherical equivalent is the better strategy.

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Effects of Orthokeratology Lens On Axial Length Elongation in Myopia With Anisometropia Children

10.21203/rs.3.rs-741927/v1 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Ziyang Chen ◽

Kai-Ming Chen ◽

Ying Shi ◽

Zhao-Da Ye ◽

Sheng Chen ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Retrospective Study ◽

Axial Length ◽

Statistical Significance ◽

Spherical Equivalent ◽

Significant Difference ◽

The Mean ◽

The Difference ◽

Better Than ◽

Group 1

Abstract AimTo investigate the effect of orthokeratology (OK) lens on axial length (AL) elongation in myopia with anisometropia children.MethodsThirty-seven unilateral myopia (group 1) and fifty-nine bilateral myopia with anisometropia children were involved in this 1-year retrospective study. And bilateral myopia with anisometropia children were divided into group 2A (diopter of the lower SER eye under − 2.00D) and group 2B(diopter of the lower SER eye is equal or greater than − 2.00D). The change in AL were observed.The datas were analysed using SPSS 21.0.Results(1) In group 1, the mean baseline AL of the H eyes and L eye were 24.70 ± 0.89 mm and 23.55 ± 0.69 mm, respectively. In group 2A, the mean baseline AL of the H eyes and L eyes were 24.61 ± 0.84 mm and 24.00 ± 0.70 mm respectively. In group 2B, the mean baseline AL of the H eyes and L eyes were 25.28 ± 0.72 mm and 24.70 ± 0.74 mm. After 1 year, the change in AL of the L eyes was faster than the H eyes in group 1 and group 2A (all P<0.001).While the AL of the H eyes and L eyes had the same increased rate in group 2B. (2) The effect of controlling AL elongation of H eyes is consistent in three groups (P = 0.559).The effect of controlling AL elongation of L eyes in group 2B was better than that in group 1 and group 2A (P < 0.001). And the difference between group 1 and group 2A has no statistical significance. (3) The AL difference in H eyes and L eyes decreased from baseline 1.16 ± 0.55mm to 0.88 ± 0.68mm after 1 year in group 1.And in group 2A, the AL difference in H eyes and L eyes decreased from baseline 0.61 ± 0.34mm to 0.48 ± 0.28mm. There was statistically significant difference (all P<0.001). In group 2B, the baseline AL difference in H eyes and L eyes has no significant difference from that after 1 year (P = 0.069).ConclusionsMonocular OK lens is effective on suppression AL growth of the myopic eyes and reduce anisometropia value in unilateral myopic children. Binocular OK lenses only reduce anisometropia with the diopter of the low eye under − 2.00D. Binocular OK lenses cannot reduce anisometropia with the diopter of the low eye equal or greater than − 2.00D. Whether OK lens can reduce refractive anisometropia value is related to the spherical equivalent refractive of low refractive eye in bilateral myopia with anisometropia children after 1-year follow-up.

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Optimal Keratoplasty for the Correction of Presbyopia and Hypermetropia

Journal of Ophthalmology ◽

10.1155/2017/7545687 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 2017 ◽

pp. 1-6

Author(s):

Daniele Veritti ◽

Valentina Sarao ◽

Paolo Lanzetta

Keyword(s):

Visual Acuity ◽

Patient Satisfaction ◽

Postoperative Complications ◽

Safety And Efficacy ◽

Distance Visual Acuity ◽

Uncorrected Distance Visual Acuity ◽

Ophthalmologic Examination ◽

Near Visual Acuity ◽

Better Than

Purpose.To evaluate prospectively the safety and efficacy of optimal keratoplasty for the correction of hyperopia and presbyopia.Methods. Consecutive patients undergoing bilateral optimal keratoplasty for refractive presbyopic and hypermetropic corrections were enrolled. Each patient received a complete ophthalmologic examination at baseline, 1 hour, 1 day, 1 week, 1 month, 3 months, and 6 months after treatment.Results. The study included 40 consecutive eyes of 20 patients. All patients reached the 6-month follow-up. No serious intra- or postoperative complications were recorded. Monocular and binocular uncorrected near visual acuities improved significantly during the follow-up (p<0.001). Binocular uncorrected distance visual acuity in presbyopic patients improved from 0.28 logMAR to a maximum of 0.04 logMAR (from 20/38 to 20/22 Snellen equivalent) the day after the treatment and remained significantly better than baseline until the end of the follow-up. A significant improvement of patient satisfaction for near (p<0.001) and distance (p=0.007) activities was seen the day after treatment and was maintained throughout the follow-up.Conclusions.Optimal keratoplasty is a safe, noninvasive, rapid, pain-free, office-based procedure. It offers low to moderate hyperopes and presbyopes an improvement in uncorrected near visual acuity while maintaining or improving their distance visual acuity.

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Visual and Refractive Outcomes of Small-Incision Lenticule Extraction in High Myopia: 5-Year Results

Journal of Ophthalmology ◽

10.1155/2018/5893126 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 2018 ◽

pp. 1-6 ◽

Cited By ~ 7

Author(s):

Alper Ağca ◽

İhsan Çakır ◽

Beril Tülü Aygün ◽

Dilek Yaşa ◽

Yusuf Yıldırım ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Visual Acuity ◽

High Myopia ◽

Spherical Equivalent ◽

Small Incision Lenticule Extraction ◽

Distance Visual Acuity ◽

Small Incision ◽

Refractive Outcomes ◽

Lenticule Extraction ◽

The Mean

Purpose. To report long-term visual and refractive results of small-incision lenticule extraction (SMILE) in treatment of high myopia. Materials and Methods. Medical records of patients who underwent SMILE for surgical correction of myopia or myopic astigmatism were retrospectively reviewed. Only patients with a preoperative spherical equivalent of subjective manifest refraction (SE) ≥ 6 D and a postoperative follow-up of 5 years were included in the study. Uncorrected distance visual acuity (UDVA), corrected distance visual acuity (CDVA), and SE were analyzed preoperatively and at 1-, 3-, and 5-year postoperative periods. Results. Thirty-seven eyes of 37 patients were included in the study. The mean attempted SE was −7.47 ± 1.10 D (range −6.00 to −10.00 D). At the 5-year visit, the mean difference between achieved and attempted SE was −0.43 ± 0.47 (0.50 to −1.25 D). Mean postoperative UDVA and CDVA were 0.20 ± 0.18 and 0.06 ± 0.08 logMAR, respectively. At the 1-year visit, 70% and 97% of the eyes were within ±0.50 D and ±1.00 D of the intended correction. At the 5-year follow-up, 59% and 92% percent of the eyes were within ±0.50 D and ±1.00 D of the intended SE, respectively. At the 5-year visit, the efficacy index was 0.89 ± 0.26 and the safety index was 1.16 ± 0.20. Fifty-four percent of the eyes gained one or more lines of CDVA. Conclusion. SMILE with an intended correction of up to a spherical equivalent of 10 D is safe and effective. However, there is regression of the refractive effect over extended follow-up.

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Comparison of 6.0 mm versus 6.5 mm Optical Zone on Visual Outcomes after LASIK

Journal of Clinical Medicine ◽

10.3390/jcm10173776 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 10 (17) ◽

pp. 3776

Author(s):

Majid Moshirfar ◽

Rachel Huynh ◽

Nour Bundogji ◽

Alyson N. Tukan ◽

Thomas M. Sant ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Visual Acuity ◽

Laser System ◽

Spherical Equivalent ◽

Distance Visual Acuity ◽

Visual Outcomes ◽

Refractive Outcomes ◽

Uncorrected Distance Visual Acuity ◽

Corrected Distance Visual Acuity ◽

Optical Zone ◽

The Difference

Previous studies have demonstrated safety and efficacy using 6.0 and 6.5 mm optical zones in the WaveLight EX500 Excimer Laser System but have not evaluated if differing optical zone sizes influence refractive outcomes. This study examines visual outcomes between two study populations undergoing LASIK with either a 6.0 mm (1332 patients) or 6.5 mm (1332 patients) optical zone. Outcomes were further stratified by severity of myopia (low, moderate, and high) and astigmatism (low and high). Patients were matched by age and preoperative manifest sphere and cylinder. Postoperative measurements were then compared. The 6.5 mm group demonstrated better postoperative manifest refractive spherical equivalent (MRSE), manifest sphere, and absolute value of the difference in actual and target spherical equivalent refraction (|∆ SEQ|), within the total population, moderate myopia, and low astigmatism groups, but this did not lead to improved postoperative uncorrected distance visual acuity (UDVA) or best corrected distance visual acuity (CDVA). Though astigmatic correction and postoperative angle of error were similar between optical zone sizes, they were significantly worse with high myopia. Overall, this study demonstrates differences in visual outcomes between the 6.0 and 6.5 mm optical zone sizes that may warrant consideration; however, essentially, the results are comparable between them.

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3 Years Clinical Outcomes of Aspheric Micro-monovision LASIK for Correction of Presbyopia and Myopic Astigmatism

10.21203/rs.2.15661/v1 ◽

2019 ◽

Author(s):

Fang Liu ◽

Ting Zhang ◽

Quan Liu

Keyword(s):

Visual Acuity ◽

Subjective Rating ◽

Spherical Equivalent ◽

Distance Visual Acuity ◽

Uncorrected Distance Visual Acuity ◽

High Satisfaction ◽

Manifest Refraction ◽

Corrected Distance Visual Acuity ◽

Near Visual Acuity

Abstract Background: To investigate long term safety and efficacy of aspheric micro-monovision LASIK for correction of presbyopia and myop ic astigmatism. Methods: One hundred and fourteen eyes of 57 patients with a mean age 48 ± 4.05 years (range: 43 to 62 years) undergoing aspheric micro-monovision LASIK treatment using the MEL 80 excimer laser (Carl Zeiss Meditec AG, Jena, Germany) were enrolled. Visual acuity, manifest refraction, amplitude of accommodation and patients’ subjective rating was evaluated from 1 day to 3 years postoperatively. Results: There were no eyes in which spherical equivalent changed by over 0.75D between 1 day and 3 years. Ninety five percent of eyes were within ±0.50 D of target correction of spherical equivalent. The percentage of monocular uncorrected distance visual acuity ≧20/20 was 95%,and all eyes achieved 20/25 or better. The percentage of binocular uncorrected near visual acuity ≧J2 was 93%,and all patients achieved J4 or better. Ninety one percent of the patients could see uncorrected both 20/20 and J2 or better binocularly. Six percent (6/108) eyes lost 1 line and no eyes lost 2 lines of corrected distance visual acuity. The overall satisfaction score for surgery was 93±6. Conclusions: The aspheric micro-monovision LASIK using the Carl Zeiss Meditec MEL 80 Platform was an efficacious option for older myopia patients with presbyopia. Three years postoperative outcomes in Chinese population indicated improvements in uncorrected binocular vision at far and near distances with high satisfaction.

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Near Visual Acuity Following Hyperopic Photorefractive Keratectomy in a Presbyopic Age Group

ISRN Ophthalmology ◽

10.5402/2012/310474 ◽

2012 ◽

Vol 2012 ◽

pp. 1-6 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Michael Moore ◽

Antonio Leccisotti ◽

Claire Grills ◽

Tara C. B. Moore

Keyword(s):

Visual Acuity ◽

Photorefractive Keratectomy ◽

Control Group ◽

Age Group ◽

Near Vision ◽

Corrected Visual Acuity ◽

Uncorrected Visual Acuity ◽

Near Visual Acuity ◽

The Mean ◽

Better Than

Purpose. To assess near visual acuity in a presbyopic age group following hyperopic photorefractive keratectomy (PRK). Setting. Private practice in Siena, Italy. Methods. In this retrospective single-surgeon comparative study, PRK with mitomycin C was performed to correct hyperopia using Bausch & Lomb 217z laser for 120 eyes of 60 patients in the presbyopic age group (mean spherical equivalent SE +2.38 D ± 0.71 D and mean age ). 120 eyes of 60 age-matched controls (mean age ) had their unaided near vision measured. Results. At 12 months mean SE was −0.10 D ± 0.27 D in the PRK group. Mean best corrected visual acuity (BSCVA) was log MAR; 2 eyes lost ≥0.1 log MAR. Mean uncorrected visual acuity was log MAR. Mean distance corrected near visual acuity (DCNVA) in the PRK group was . This was statistically better () than the mean unaided near visual acuity in the control group . Conclusion. PRK was found to be safe, predictable, and an effective way of correcting hyperopia in this age group. It was also found to give better than expected near vision.

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3-month surgical outcomes of Implantable Collamer Lens implantation for myopic regression after laser vision correction surgeries: a retrospective case series

BMC Ophthalmology ◽

10.1186/s12886-021-02163-3 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 21 (1) ◽

Author(s):

Byunghoon Chung ◽

Joon Hyun Kim ◽

David S. Y. Kang ◽

Dong Jun Kang ◽

Eung Kweon Kim ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Visual Acuity ◽

Surgical Outcomes ◽

Spherical Equivalent ◽

Efficacy And Safety ◽

Implantable Collamer Lens ◽

Distance Visual Acuity ◽

Vision Correction ◽

Laser Vision ◽

The Mean ◽

Safety Indices

Abstract Background To investigate the surgical outcomes of implantable collamer lens (ICL) implantation in eyes with residual myopia after primary laser vision correction (LVC) surgeries. Methods This study included patients who underwent ICL implantation and had a history of LVC surgery, including photorefractive keratectomy (PRK) or laser-assisted in situ keratomileusis (LASIK). Visual acuity and refractive error were assessed pre and 3-months postoperatively and the efficacy and safety indices calculated accordingly. Results A total of 30 eyes of 17 patients were included in this study. At 3 months, the mean logMAR uncorrected distance visual acuity (UDVA), corrected distance visual acuity (CDVA), and spherical equivalent were − 0.03 ± 0.11 (include logMAR), − 0.04 ± 0.09 (include logMAR), and − 0.06 ± 0.33 diopters (D), respectively. The 3-month Snellen UDVA was better than 20/20 for 83% of eyes, and 97% of eyes showed an unchanged or improved CDVA after surgery. The mean efficacy and safety indices were 1.11 ± 0.22 and 1.13 ± 0.20, respectively. Further, 93 and 100% of eyes were within ±0.5 and ± 1.0 D of the attempted spherical equivalent refraction, respectively. Conclusions ICL implantation in eyes with myopic regression after previous LVC surgery showed safe, effective, and predictable outcomes. Trial registration retrospectively registered.

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Intrastromal Corneal Ring Segments Implantation in Patients with Mild Keratoconus

International Journal of Keratoconus and Ectatic Corneal Diseases ◽

10.5005/jp-journals-10025-1091 ◽

2014 ◽

Vol 3 (3) ◽

pp. 122-126

Author(s):

Pablo F Rodrigues ◽

Wagner G Dias

Keyword(s):

Visual Acuity ◽

Distance Visual Acuity ◽

Uncorrected Distance Visual Acuity ◽

Intrastromal Corneal Ring ◽

Corrected Distance Visual Acuity ◽

Corneal Volume ◽

Corneal Asphericity ◽

The Mean ◽

Early Indication ◽

Better Than

ABSTRACT Purpose The purpose of this study is to evaluate the topographic, topometric and visual changes after implantation of Ferrara intrastromal corneal ring segments (ICRS) in grades I and II keratoconus patients. Materials and methods The chart records of 50 consecutively operated keratoconus patients were reviewed. The patients were operated on by the same surgeon, with the manual technique. All patients were preoperatively and postoperatively evaluated with the Pentacam (OCULUS Optikgeräte, Wetzlar, Germany). The studied parameters were: uncorrected distance visual acuity (UDVA), corrected distance visual acuity (CDVA), keratometry, corneal asphericity and corneal volume. Results Fifty eyes of 42 patients (26 males and 16 females) were analyzed. The mean preoperative UDVA was 0.91 ranging from LogMAR 0.10 to 1.30. The mean postoperative CDVA was 0.19 ranging from 0.00 to 0.54 LogMAR. The postoperative CDVA was equal or better than 0.18 in 37 cases (74%). The mean K1 decreased from 45.80D (±2.52) preoperatively to 44.27D (± 2.10) postoperatively and the mean K2 value, from 49.06D (± 2.09) to 46.22D (±1.89). The mean asphericity increased from −0.71 preoperatively to −0.29 postoperatively. The average preoperative corneal volume was 56.89 ± 3.11 mm3 while the average postoperative corneal volume was 57.64 ± 3.05 mm3. Conclusion The study supports the early indication of implantation of Ferrara ICRS in mild to moderate keratoconus cases in order to achieve good visual, keratometric and ashpericity outcomes. How to cite this article Rodrigues PF, Ferrara G, Ferrara P, Dias WG, Torquetti L. Intrastromal Corneal Ring Segments Implantation in Patients with Mild Keratoconus. Int J Kerat Ect Cor Dis 2014;3(3):122-126.

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Clinical Profile and Visual Outcome of Ocular Bartonellosis in Malaysia

Journal of Tropical Medicine ◽

10.1155/2017/7946123 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 2017 ◽

pp. 1-6 ◽

Cited By ~ 7

Author(s):

Chai Lee Tan ◽

Lai Chan Fhun ◽

Evelyn Li Min Tai ◽

Nor Hasnida Abdul Gani ◽

Julieana Muhammed ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Visual Acuity ◽

Clinical Presentation ◽

Visual Outcome ◽

Limited Data ◽

Viable Option ◽

Systemic Corticosteroids ◽

History Of ◽

Unilateral Involvement ◽

The Mean ◽

Better Than

Background.Ocular bartonellosis can present in various ways, with variable visual outcome. There is limited data on ocular bartonellosis in Malaysia.Objective.We aim to describe the clinical presentation and visual outcome of ocular bartonellosis in Malaysia.Materials and Methods.This was a retrospective review of patients treated for ocular bartonellosis in two ophthalmology centers in Malaysia between January 2013 and December 2015. The diagnosis was based on clinical features, supported by a positiveBartonellaspp. serology.Results.Of the 19 patients in our series, females were predominant (63.2%). The mean age was 29.3 years. The majority (63.2%) had unilateral involvement. Five patients (26.3%) had a history of contact with cats. Neuroretinitis was the most common presentation (62.5%). Azithromycin was the antibiotic of choice (42.1%). Concurrent systemic corticosteroids were used in approximately 60% of cases. The presenting visual acuity was worse than 6/18 in approximately 60% of eyes; on final review, 76.9% of eyes had a visual acuity better than 6/18.Conclusion.Ocular bartonellosis tends to present with neuroretinitis. Azithromycin is a viable option for treatment. Systemic corticosteroids may be considered in those with poor visual acuity on presentation.

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